1. Corporate information

> Adani Energy Solutions Limited (Formely known as Adani Transmission Limited ) ("The Company”) ("AESL') (CIN no. L40300GJ2013PLC0778 03) is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in India, It's ultimate holding entity is S. B. Adani Family Trust (SBAFT), having its registered office at 'Adani Corporate House', Shantigram, Near Vaishno Devi Circle, S.G.Highway, Khodiyar, Ahmedabad - 382421, Gujarat, India. The Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as "the Group") are engaged in the business of generation, transmission and distribution of power through India. The Group develops, owns and operates transmission lines across the States of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Haryana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana. Apart from the above the Company deals in below business activities:

Business Activities :

The Company deals in various bullions. The Company has also entered in to new business opportunities through Optical Ground Wire (OPGW) fibres on transmission lines with the ambition of expanding its telecom solutions to Telcos, Internet service providers and long distance communication operators. The commercialization of the network shall be done through leasing out spare capacities to potential communication players. Company also offers utility services related to Telecommunications, Fibre connectivity and business operations includes in construction and development of infrastructure assets of transmission line. The company is further engaged to supply, install and operation and maintenance services of smart meter and software applications required for Advanced Metering Infrastructure on Design, Build, Finance, Own, Operate and Transfer (DBFOOT) basis in accordance with terms and conditions set forth in a agreement with North Bihar Power Distribution Company Limited.

The Company has its primary listings on the BSE Limited and NSE India Limited, in India.

2. Basis of preparation and presentation

> These financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial

instruments that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below.

> The Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 read with section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act") (as amended from time to time).

> The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupee (?) which is also Company's functional currency and all values are rounded off to the nearest crore (Transactions below ' 50,000.00 denoted as ' 0.00), unless otherwise indicated.

3. Material accounting policy informationa. Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE)

> All items of property, plant and equipment, including freehold land, are initially recorded at cost. Subsequent to initial recognition, property, plant and equipment other than freehold land are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Freehold land has an unlimited useful life and therefore is not depreciated.

> Capital work-in-progress is stated at cost, net of accumulated impairment loss, if any. Other Indirect expenses incurred relating to project, net of income earned during the project development stage prior to its intended use, are considered as pre-operative expenses and disclosed under Capital Work-in-Progress.

> Subsequent additions to the assets after

capitalization are accounted for at cost.

Cost includes purchase price (net of trade discount & rebates) and any directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use and for qualifying assets, borrowing costs capitalised in accordance with Ind AS 23. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in the statement of profit and loss as incurred.

Depreciation :

> Depreciation is recognised based on the cost of assets (other than freehold land) less their

residual values over their useful lives, using the straight-line method. The useful life of property, plant and equipment is considered based on life prescribed in schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

> Estimated useful lives of assets are as follows:-

Derecognition :

> An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

b. Financial instruments

> Financial assets (except for trade receivables) and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

> An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by a Company entity are recognised at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

Initial Recognition and measurement :

Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketplace (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.

Subsequent measurement:

All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.

i) Classification and measurement of financial assets

a) Financial assets at amortised cost

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

b) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if both of the following criteria are met;

- it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and

- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

c) Financial assets at fair value through profit & loss (FVTPL)

All financial assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVTOCI are

measured at FVTPL. Financial assets at FVTPL are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognised in Consolidated profit or loss. The net gain or loss recognised in Consolidated profit or loss incorporates any dividend or interest earned on the financial asset.

ii) Impairment of financial assets

The Company assesses at each date of balance sheet whether a financial asset is impaired. Ind AS 109 requires expected credit losses to be measured through a loss allowance. The Company recognises lifetime expected losses for all contract assets and/ or all trade receivables that do not constitute a financing transaction. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12 month expected credit losses or at an amount equal to the life time expected credit losses if the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition.

iii) Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is primarily derecognised when:

• the right to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

• the Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset.

(B) Financial liabilities and equity instruments

i) Classification as debt or equity

Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Initial recognition and measurement Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, payables, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate.

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial liabilities are classified in two categories:

• Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

• Financial liabilities at amortised cost (loans and borrowings)

All financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. Gains and losses are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the effective interest rate (EIR) amortisation process. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Trade and other payables are recognised at the transaction cost, which is its fair value, and subsequently measured at amortised cost. Similarly, interest bearing loans (inter corporate deposits), trade credits and borrowings (including bonds) are subsequently measured at amortised cost using effective interest rate method. Trade credits include Buyer's credit, Foreign Letter of Credit and Inland Letter of Credit.

Financial liabilities measured at FVTPL include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as FVTPL. Financial liabilities are classified as held

for trading if these are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss

iii) Derecognition of Financial Liability

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company's obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange with a lender of debt instruments with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.

c. Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting

Initial recognition and subsequent measurement:

The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts, interest rate swaps and forward commodity contracts, to hedge its foreign currency risks, interest rate risks and commodity price risks, respectively. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to the statement of profit and loss, except for the effective portion of cash flow hedges, which is recognised in OCI and later reclassified to the statement of profit and loss when the hedge item affects profit or loss or treated as basis adjustment if a hedged forecast transaction subsequently results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability.

At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Company formally designates and documents the

hedge relationship to which the Company wishes to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge.

Hedges that meet the strict criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for as described below

Cash flow hedges

The effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognised in OCI in the cash flow hedge reserve, while any ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss.

Amounts recognised in OCI are transferred to profit or loss when the hedged transaction affects profit or loss, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognised or when a forecast sale occurs. When the hedged item is the cost of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, the amounts recognised as OCI are transferred to the initial carrying amount of the non-financial asset or liability.

If the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised without replacement or rollover (as part of the hedging strategy), or if its designation as a hedge is revoked, or when the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, any cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI remains separately in equity until the forecast transaction occurs or the foreign currency firm commitment is met.

d. Inventories

Costs of inventories are determined on weighted average basis. Cost includes cost of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Unserviceable/ damaged stores and spares are identified and written down based on technical evaluation.

e. Fair value measurement

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which

sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

(i) Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

(ii) Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable;

(iii) Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

At each reporting date, the Management analyses the movements in the values of assets and liabilities which are required to be remeasured or re-assessed as per the Company's accounting policies. For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

f. Revenue recognition

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

Sale of Goods :

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when the goods are delivered and titles have passed, at which time all the following conditions are satisfied:

• The Company has transferred to the

buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;

• The amount of revenue can be

measured reliably; and

• it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company;

• there is no significant judgement involved while evaluating the timing as to when customers obtain control of promised goods and services.

Service concession arrangements :

The Company had been set up for installing, operating and maintaining smart meters used to provide public service on "Design-Build-Finance-Own-Operate-Transfer" (DBFOOT) basis. These smart meters will be transferred to relevant authority at the end of the terms of the contract. There are two separate performance obligation - (1) Supply and Installation of Smart meters and (2) Operation and maintenance of smart meter for 90 months.

In terms of application of Ind AS 115, Appendix. C & D - Service Concession Arrangements (SCA), these arrangements are accounted for based on the nature of the consideration. The fair value of future cash flows receivable for supply & installation of smart meter(i.e. construction services) under the above project have been initially recognised under financial assets as 'Receivables under Service Concession Arrangements' and have been recognised at amortised cost subsequently.

With respect to SCA, revenue and costs are allocated between those relating to procurement and installation of smart meters i.e., construction services and those relating to operation and maintenance services and are accounted for separately. Consideration received or receivable is allocated by reference to the relative fair value of smart meters installed when the amounts are separately identifiable. The infrastructure used in the concession arrangements is classified as financial asset, based on the nature of the payment entitlements established in the SCA.

Services related to operation and maintenance will be accounted as per output method (percentage of completion) of IND As 115 by allocating total consideration in fair value of operation and maintenance services.

Assets covered under Service Concession Arrangement :

The Company manages service concession arrangements which include the Installation of smart meters followed by a period in which the Company maintains and services the Smart meters. This may also include, in a secondary period, asset replacement or refurbishment. These concession arrangements set out rights and obligations related to the infrastructure and the service to be provided. Under Appendix C to Ind AS 115 - "Service Concession Arrangements”, these arrangements are accounted for based on the nature of the consideration. For fulfilling the obligations under SCA, the Company is entitled to receive either cash or another financial asset from the grantor or a contractual right to charge the users of the service. The financial model is used when the Company has an unconditional right to receive cash or another financial asset from or at the direction of the grantor for the construction services. Consideration so received or receivable is allocated by reference to the relative fair values of the services provided. Thus Revenue from the concession arrangements earned under the financial asset model consists of the (i) fair value of the amount due from the grantor; and (ii) interest income related to the capital investment in the project.

Contract Assets :

A contract asset is the right to consideration in exchange for services transferred to the customer. If the entity performs by transferring services to a customer before the customer pays consideration or before payment is due. a contract asset is recognised for the earned consideration that is conditional. Contract assets are transferred to services concession agreement receivables when the rights become unconditional.

Construction and Development of Infrastructure Assets :

The Company's business operations includes in construction and development of infrastructure assets (transmission assets). Where the outcome of the project cannot be estimated reasonably, Revenue from contracts for such construction and development activities is recognized on completion of relevant activities under the contract and the

transfer of control of the infrastructure when all significant risks and rewards of ownership in the infrastructure assets are transferred to the customer .

Other Income :

Interest income from a financial asset is recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset's net carrying amount on initial recognition.

Financing component:

The Company receives advance payments from customers for the setup and sale of customised Sub-station and transmission line with a construction lead time of 6 months after signing the contract and receipt of payment. There is a significant financing component for these contracts considering the length of time between the customers' payment and the transfer of the equipment, as well as the prevailing interest rate in the market. As such, the transaction price for these contracts is discounted, using the interest rate implicit in the contract. This rate is commensurate with the rate that would be reflected in a separate financing transaction between the Company and the customer at contract inception.

The Company applies the practical expedient for short-term advances received from customers. That is, the promised amount of consideration is not adjusted for the effects of a significant financing component if the period between the transfer of the promised good or service and the payment is one year or less.

g. Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other

costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds. Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing costs. Interest income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation. All other borrowing costs are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which they are incurred.

h. Employee benefits

i) Defined benefit plans:

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees through Group Gratuity Fund Scheme of Life Insurance Corporation of India. The Company accounts for the liability for the gratuity benefits payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation carried out using Projected Unit Credit Method considering discounting rate relevant to Government Securities at the Balance Sheet Date.

Defined benefit costs in the nature of current and past service cost and net interest expense or income are recognized in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which they occur. Actuarial gains and losses on remeasurement is reflected immediately in the balance sheet with a charge or credit recognised in other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur and is reflected immediately in retained earnings and not reclassified to profit or loss.

ii) Defined contribution plan:

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit plans are recognised as an expense when employees have rendered service entitling them to the contributions.

iii) Compensated Absences:

Provision for Compensated Absences and its classifications between current and non-current liabilities are based on independent actuarial valuation. The actuarial valuation is done as per the projected unit credit method as at the reporting date.

iv) Short-term and other long-term employee benefits

A liability is recognised for benefits accruing to employees in respect of wages and salaries, annual leave and sick leave in the period the related

service is rendered at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for that service. Liabilities recognised in respect of short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the related service. Liabilities recognised in respect of other long-term employee benefits are measured at the present value of the estimated future cash outflows expected to be made by the Company in respect of services provided by employees up to the reporting date.

i. Leases

At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

As a lessee

The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date except for leases with a term of twelve months or less (short-term leases) and low value leases. For these short-term and low value leases, the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Right-of-use assets

The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received. The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term, unless the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the Company by the end of the lease term or the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the Company will exercise a purchase option. In that case the right-of-use asset will be depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.

Lease Liabilities

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments to be paid over the lease term at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company's incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate. Subsequently, the lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

j. Taxation

Tax on Income comprises current tax and deferred tax. These are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognised directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.

Current tax :

Tax on income for the current period is determined on the basis on estimated taxable income and tax credits computed in accordance with the provisions of the relevant tax laws and based on the expected outcome of assessments / appeals. Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognised outside statement of profit and loss is

recognised outside statement of profit and loss (either in Other Comprehensive Income or in Equity). Current tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations for which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and revises the provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax :

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised.

4. Recent accounting pronouncements

Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA”) notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. During the year ended March 31, 2024 MCA has not notified any new standards or amendments to the existing standards applicable to the Company.