1 Corporate Information

Adani Total Gas Limited ("ATGL' or "the Company”) is a public limited company domiciled in India and was incorporated on August 5, 2005 under the Companies Act, 1956, having its registered office at "Adani Corporate House”, Shantigram, Near Vaishno Devi Circle, S. G. Highway, Khodiyar, Ahmedabad - 382 421. Its shares are listed on BSE Limited and National Stock Exchange of India Limited. The Company is engaged in City Gas Distribution ("CGD”) business and supplies natural gas to domestic, commercial, industrial and vehicle users. The company is exploring of doing businesses of bio gas, bio fuel, bio mass, LCNG, HCNG, EV, Hydrogen, manufacturing of various equipment and provision of value-added services relating to CGD business.

2 Basis of Preparation and PresentationI) Statement Of Compliance

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended.

The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following assets and liabilities which have been measured at fair value or revalued amount:

- Defined Benefit Plans - Plan Assets measured at fair value and

- Certain financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value (refer accounting policy regarding financial instruments)

The financial statements are presented in INR except when otherwise stated. All amounts have been rounded-off to the nearest crore, unless otherwise indicated.

Current & Non-Current Classification

Any asset or liability is classified as current if it satisfies any of the following conditions:

i. The asset/liability is expected to be realised/settled in the Company's normal operating cycle;

ii. The asset is intended for sale or consumption;

iii. The asset/liability is held primarily for the purpose of trading;

iv. The asset/liability is expected to be realised/settled within twelve months after the reporting period;

v. The asset is Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period;

vi. In case of liability, the Company does not have unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other assets and liabilities are classified as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities respectively.

For the purpose of current/non-current classification of assets and liabilities, the Company has ascertained its normal operating cycle as twelve months. This is based on the nature of services and time between acquisition of assets or inventories for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents.

3 Summary of Material Accounting Policiesa) Inventories

i) Inventory of Gas (including inventory in pipeline and CNG cascades) and Stores, spares and consumables is valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined on weighted average cost method.

ii) Cost is determined on Weighted Average basis and comprises of costs of purchases, cost of conversion, all non-refundable duties & taxes and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

iii) Net Realisable Value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated cost of completion and estimated cost necessary to make the sale. Necessary adjustment for shortage / excess stock is given based on the available evidence and past experience of the Company.

b) Cash & Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash equivalents includes short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition.

c) Revenue recognition

Revenue from Operations

Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services. Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for discounts and other incentives, if any, as per contracts with the customers.

The Company considers recovery of excise duty flows to the Company on its liability and hence, forms part of the cost of production, irrespective of whether the goods are sold or not. Since the recovery of excise duty flows to the Company on its own account, revenue includes excise duty. However, VAT & GST are not received by the Company on its own account, rather, they are collected on behalf of the government. Hence, it is not included in revenue.

The accounting policy for the specific revenue streams of the company are summarised below:

Revenue on sale of natural gas is recognized on transfer of control to customers at delivery point. Sales are billed bi-monthly to domestic customers and on fortnightly basis to commercial, non commercial and industrial customers. Revenue on sale of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is recognized on sale of gas to customers. There are no goods return rights with the customers attached to the sale and hence no right of return liability exists.

Gas Transportation Income is recognized in the same period in which the related volumes of gas are delivered to the customers.

Revenue from customers with respect to shortfall in minimum guaranteed obligation is recognised on contractual basis. Delayed payment charges are recognized on reasonable certainty to expect ultimate collection or otherwise based on actual collection whichever is earlier.

Connection and fitting income is recognized based on satisfaction of performance obligation.

Other Income

Interest income is recognised on effective interest rate taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable. Interest income is accrued on time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable.

Contract Balances Contract Assets

A contract asset is the right to consideration in exchange for goods or services transferred to the customer. If the Company performs by transferring goods or services to a customer before the customer pays consideration or before payment is due, a contract asset is recognised for the earned consideration that is conditional.

Trade receivables

A receivable represents the Company's right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional i.e. only the passage of time is required before payment of consideration is due.

The Company measures the expected credit loss of trade receivables from individual customers based on the historial trend, industry practices and the business environment in which the entity operates.

In case of domestic customers, the gas sales between last meter reading date and reporting date has been recognised as trade receivables as there is unconditional right to receive consideration.

Contract Liability

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs obligations under the contract. The same is disclosed as "Advance from Customers" under Other Current Liabilities. The contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the performance obligation is satisfied.

d) Property, Plant and Equipments

Recognition and measurement

Property, Plant and Equipment's are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses and net of taxes. Cost comprises the purchase price (net of tax credits, wherever applicable), import duty and other non-refundable taxes or levies and any directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use. The cost of a self-constructed item of property, plant and equipment comprises the cost of materials and direct labour, any other costs directly attributable to bringing the item to working condition for its intended use. Borrowing cost relating to acquisition / construction of Property, Plant and Equipment which take substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready for its intended use. The Company has elected to regard previous GAAP carrying values of property, plant and equipment as deemed cost at the date of transition to Ind AS i.e April 01, 2015.

The residual values, useful lives and method of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Spare parts or stores meeting the definition of Property, Plant and Equipment, either procured along with equipment or subsequently, are capitalized in the asset's carrying amount or recognized as separate asset, if appropriate.

The Natural Gas distribution systems for PNG connections are commissioned on commencement of supply of gas to the individual consumers. The CNG outlets are commissioned on receipt of approval from concerned authority.

Subsequent measurement

Subsequent expenditure related to an item of Property, Plant and Equipment are included in its carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only if it increases the future economic benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. Subsequent costs are depreciated over the residual life of the respective assets. All other expenses on existing Property, Plant and Equipment's, including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the profit and loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred. Cost of day to day service primarily include costs of labour, consumables and cost of small spare parts.

Expenditure incurred during the period of construction including, all direct and indirect overheads, incidental and related to construction is carried forward and on completion, the costs are allocated to the respective assets.

Depreciation

Depreciation is provided using straight-line method as specified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 excepts for assets mentioned below. Depreciation on assets acquired / disposed off during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition / disposal.

Estimated useful life of assets determined based on technical parameters / assessments for following class of assets are as follows:

Derecognition

An item of Property, Plant and Equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of Property, Plant and Equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the assets and is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

e) Capital Work in Progress

Expenditure related to and incurred during implementation of capital projects to get the assets ready for intended use is included under "Capital Work in Progress”. The same is allocated to the respective items of property, plant and equipment on completion of construction/ erection of the capital project/ property plant and equipment. Capital work in progress includes assets pending installation and not available for its intended use and capital inventory.

f) Intangible Assets

Recognition and measurement

Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition and are amortized over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis, commencing from the date the asset is available to the Company for its intended use. The residual values, useful life of the intangible assets and the amortization period are reviewed at the end of each financial year and adjusted prospectively,if appropriate.

Intangible Assets Under Development

Software Development costs that are directly attributable to the design and testing of identifiable and unique software products are recognised as intangible assets where recognition criteria are met. Directly attributable costs that are capitalised as part of the software include employee costs and an appropriate portion of relevant overheads. Capitalised development costs are recorded as intangible assets and amortised from the point at which the asset is available for use.

Goodwill

Goodwill acquired as a result of demerger of CGD business from Adani Energy Limited is measured at net value as at March 31, 2015. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at regular intervals of time. Impairment shall be recognised when there are certain indications that recoverable amount of cash generating unit is less than its carrying amount.

g) Financial Instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value, except for trade receivables which are measured at transaction price. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in Statement of Profit and Loss.

The Company's financial assets comprise of trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents, other bank balances and deposits, interest accrued on deposits, security deposits, intercorporate deposits, contract assets and other receivables. These assets are measured subsequently at amortised cost.

The Company's financial liabilities comprise of borrowings, lease liabilities , retention and capital creditors, deposit from customers and contractors, trade and other payables.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by a Company are recognised at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

A) Financial Assets Initial Recognition

All financial assets, except trade receivables, are initially recognised at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets, which are not at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss, are adjusted to the fair value on initial recognition.

Subsequent Measurement

Business Model Assessment

The Company makes an assessment of the objectives of the business model in which a financial asset is held because it best reflects the way business is managed and information is provided to management. The assessment of business model comprises the stated policies and objectives of the financial assets, management strategy for holding the financial assets, the risk that affects the performance etc.

Further management also evaluates whether the contractual cash flows are solely payment of principal and interest considering the contractual terms of the instrument.

The subsequent measurement of financial assets depends on their classification, as described below:

1) At amortised cost

A financial asset is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met :

(a) The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and

(b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise, on specified dates, to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial assets, or where appropriate, a shorter period, to the gross carrying amount on initial recognition.

2) At Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI)

A financial asset is classified as the FVTOCI if both of the following criteria are met:

(a) The objective of the business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets, and

(b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

The Company may opt for an irrevocable election to present subsequent changes in the fair value of investment in equity instruments through OCI. If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognised in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to Statement of Profit and Loss, even on sale of investments.

3) At Fair Value through Profit & Loss (FVTPL)

Financial assets which are not measured at amortised cost or FVTOCI and are held for trading are measured at FVTPL. Financial assets at FVTPL are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognised in profit or loss.

In addition, the Company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortised cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as 'accounting mismatch').

Derecognition

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset, the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss on disposal of that financial asset.

Impairment of financial assets

The Company applies Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the financial assets and credit risk exposure.

Expected credit loss is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive (i.e. all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original effective interest rate. The Company estimates cash flows by considering all contractual terms of the financial instrument through the expected life of that financial instrument. ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognised during the period is recognised as expenses / (income) in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The Company follows 'Simplified Approach' for recognition of impairment loss allowance on all trade receivables or contractual receivables. Under the simplified approach, the Company does not track changes in credit risk, but it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12 month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used.

The Company assesses at each Balance sheet date whether a financial asset or a Group of financial assets is impaired. Ind AS 109, 'Financial Instruments' requires expected credit losses to be measured through a loss allowance.

B) Financial Liabilities and equity instruments Classification as debt or equity

Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Financial Liabilities

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition as at amortised cost or fair value through profit or loss. The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

1) At amortised cost

After initial recognition, financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

2) At Fair Value through Profit or Loss (FVTPL)

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as FVTPL. Subsequently, any changes in fair value are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition of financial liability

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company's obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange with a lender of debt instruments with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable is recognised in the statement of Profit and Loss.

h) Investments in subsidiaries and joint ventures

Investments in subsidiaries and joint ventures are accounted for at cost less impairment loss (if any).

i) Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations

Functional and Presentation currency

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupee (INR), which is entity's functional and presentation currency.

Transactions and Balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency, for initial recognition, using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

All foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates on the reporting date. Exchange differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss to the extent of exchange differences which are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs on foreign currency borrowings that are directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets which are capitalised as cost of assets . Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

j) Employee Benefits

Employee benefits include gratuity, compensated absences, contribution to provident fund, employees' state insurance and superannuation fund.

a) Short Term Employee Benefits

Employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits and recognised in the period in which the employee renders the related service. These are recognised at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for that service.

b) Post Employment Benefits Defined Benefit Plans

The Company operates a defined benefit gratuity plan in India, which requires contributions to be made to a separately administered fund. The cost of providing benefits under the defined benefit plan is determined based on actuarial valuation, carried out by an independent actuary, using the projected unit credit method. The liability for gratuity is funded annually to a gratuity fund maintained with the Life Insurance Corporation of India.

Re-measurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling (excluding net interest) and the return on plan assets (excluding net interest), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods. Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of defined benefit liability or asset.

The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss in the line item "Employee Benefits Expense":

• Service cost including current service cost, past service cost, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements; and

• Net interest expense or income

For the purpose of presentation of defined benefit plans, the allocation between short term and long term provisions has been made as determined by an actuary.

Defined Contribution Plans

Retirement benefits in the form of provident fund and superannuation fund are defined contribution schemes. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the provident fund. The Company recognises contribution payable to the provident fund scheme as an expense, when an employee renders the related service. If the contribution payable to the scheme for service received before the balance sheet date exceeds the contribution already paid, the deficit payable to the scheme is recognised as a liability after deducting the contribution already paid.

c) Other Employee Benefits

Other employee benefits comprise of compensated absences/leaves. The actuarial valuation is done as per projected unit credit method. The Company allocates accumulated leaves between short term and long term liability based on actuarial valuation as at the end of the period.

k) Borrowing Costs

Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds. General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the asset. The Company considers a period of twelve months or more as a substantial period of time.

Transaction costs in respect of non-current borrowings are amortised over the tenure of respective loans using effective interest method.

All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing cost.

Interest Income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization.

l) Segment reporting

As per para 4 of Ind AS 108 "Operating Segments”, if a single financial report contains both consolidated financial statements and the separate financial statements of the Parent Company, segment information may be presented on the basis of the consolidated financial statements. Thus, the information related to disclosure of operating segments required under Ind AS 108 "Operating Segments”, is given in Consolidated Financial Statements.

m) Leases

At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date except for leases with a term of twelve months or less (short-term leases) and low value leases. For these short-term and low value leases, the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Lease term is a non-cancellable period together with periods covered by an option to extend the lease if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise that option; and periods covered by an option to terminate the lease if the Company is reasonably certain not to exercise that option.

The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received. The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term, unless the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the Company by the end of the lease term or the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the Company will exercise a purchase option. In that case the right-of-use asset will be depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments to be paid over the lease term at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company's incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate. Subsequently, the lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a modification in the form of a change in the lease term or lease payments.

n) Earnings Per Share

Basic Earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit/(loss) for the year attributable to equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares during the year. Diluted Earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit/(loss) attributable to equity holders of the Company (after adjusting for costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares) by the weighted average number of equity shares and dilutive potential equity shares during the year.

o) Taxes

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

a) Current Tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date where the Company operates and generates taxable income.

Current tax items, relating to items recognised outside the statement of profit and loss, are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate. Provision for current tax is recognised based on the estimated tax liability computed after taking credit for allowances and exemption in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Current tax assets and liabilities are offset where the Company has a legally enforceable right to offset and intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

b) Deferred Tax

Deferred tax is recognised using the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised. The carrying amount of unrecognised deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date to assess their realisability and corresponding adjustment is made to carrying values of deferred tax assets in the financial statements.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset where a legally enforceable right exists to offset current tax assets and liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority. Net outstanding balance in Deferred Tax account is recognized as deferred tax liability/asset.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside statement of profit and loss is recognised outside statement of profit and loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity.

p) Impairment of non-financial assets

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). When it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs. Each CGU represents the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or CGUs. When a reasonable and consistent basis of allocation can be identified, corporate assets are also allocated to individual cash-generating units, or otherwise they are allocated to the smallest group of cash-generating units for which a reasonable and consistent allocation basis can be identified.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of profit and loss.

Assets (other than goodwill) for which impairment loss has been recognised in prior periods, the Company reviews at each reporting date whether there is any indication that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or a cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in Statement of Profit and Loss.

Impairment is determined for goodwill by assessing the recoverable amount of CGU to which such goodwill relates. When the recoverable amount of the CGU is less than its carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognised. Impairment losses relating to goodwill cannot be reversed in future periods.

q) Fair Value Measurement

The Company measures certain financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

• In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

• In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company. The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

The Company's management determines the policies and procedures for fair value measurement of financial instruments measured at fair value.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

• Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

• Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

• Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

r) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities & Contingent Assets

Provisions are recognised for when the Company has at present, legal or contractual obligation as a result of past events, only if it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic outgo or loss will be required and if the amount involved can be measured reliably. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost. Contingent liabilities may arise from litigation, taxation and other claims against the Company. Where it is management's assessment that the outcome is uncertain or cannot be reliably quantified, the claims are disclosed as contingent liabilities unless the likelihood of an adverse outcome is remote.

Contingent assets are not recognised in the financial statements. The nature of such assets and an estimate of its financial effect are disclosed in notes to the financial statements.

s) Exceptional Items

Exceptional items are generally non-recurring items of income and expense within profit or loss from ordinary activities, which are of such size, nature or incidence that their disclosure is relevant to explain the performance of the Company for the year.

4 Use of Estimates and Judgments

The preparation of the Company's financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures including contingent liabilities. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on experience and other factors that management considers to be relevant. Actual results may significantly differ from these estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis by the management of the Company. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.

Key sources of estimation uncertainity

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments may change due to market changes or circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

i) Useful life and residual value of property, plant and equipment's and intangible assets:

Determination of the estimated useful life of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets and the assessment as to which components of the cost may be capitalised. Useful life of these assets is based on the life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 or based on technical estimates, taking into account the nature of the asset, estimated usage, expected residual values and operating conditions

of the asset. Management reviews its estimate of the useful lives of depreciable/ amortisable assets at each reporting date, based on the expected utility of the assets. Uncertainties in these estimates relate to technical and economic obsolescence that may change the utility of certain software, IT equipment and other plant and equipments.

ii) Taxes:

The Company's tax jurisdiction is India. Significant judgements are involved in estimating budgeted profits for the purpose of paying advance tax, determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid/recovered for uncertain tax positions. Significant management judgement is also required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies, including estimates of temporary differences reversing on account of available benefits from the Income Tax Act, 1961.

iii) Fair value measurement of financial instruments:

In estimating the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, the Company uses market observable data to the extent available. Where such Level 1 inputs are not available, the Company establishes appropriate valuation techniques and inputs to the model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgment is required in establishing fair values. Judgments include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments.

iv) Recognition and measurement of Contingent liabilities, provisions and uncertain tax positions:

There are various legal, direct and indirect tax matters and other obligations including local and state levies, availing input tax credits, fulfillment of minimum work program etc., which may impact the Company. Evaluation of uncertain liabilities and contingent liabilities arising out of above matters and recognition and measurement of other provisions are based on the assessment of the probability of an outflow of resources, and on past experience and circumstances known at the balance sheet date. The actual outflow of resources at a future date may therefore vary from the figure included in other provisions.

v) Defined benefit plans (Gratuity benefits):

The cost of the defined benefit gratuity plan and the present value of the gratuity obligation are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, attrition and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

vi) Inventory measurement:

The Company conducts volumetric surveys and assessments on a periodic basis using internal / external experts, basis which the quantity of inventories is estimated. The variations noted between book records and physical quantities of above inventories are evaluated and appropriately accounted in the books of accounts.

vii) Impairment of Non Financial Assets

Impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The fair value less costs of disposal calculation is based on available data for similar assets or observable market prices less incremental costs for disposing of the asset. The value in use calculation is based on a discounted future cash flows model. The recoverable amount is sensitive to the discount rate used for the discounted future cash flows model as well as the expected future cash-inflows.

For impairment of Goodwill, the Company assesses conditions that could cause an asset or a Cash Generating Unit (CGU) to become impaired and to test recoverability of potentially impaired assets. These conditions include changes resulting from market and economic environment, including internal and external factors such as the Company's market capitalization, significant changes in the Company's planned use of the assets or a significant adverse change in the expected prices, sales volumes or raw material cost. The identification of CGUs involves judgment, including assessment of where active markets exist, and the level of interdependency of cash inflows. Goodwill is reviewed at least annually for impairment.

viii) Impairment of Financial Assets

The impairment provisions for trade receivables are made considering simplified approach based on assumptions about risk of default and expected loss rates. The Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation based on the company's past history and other factors like financial position of the counter-parties, market information and other relevant factors at the end of each reporting period. In case of other financial assets, the Company applies general approach for recognition of impairment losses wherein the Company uses judgement in considering the probability of default upon initial recognition and whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk on an ongoing basis throughout each reporting period.

5 Recent Pronouncements

Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA”) notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended March 31, 2024, MCA has not notified any new standards or amendments to the existing standards applicable to the Company.

The company adopted Disclosure of Accounting (amendment to Ind AS 1) from April 1, 2023. Although the amendment did not result in any changes in the accounting policies themselves, they impacted the accounting policy information disclosed in the standalone financial statement.

The amendment requires the disclosure of 'material' rather than 'significant' accounting policies. The amendments also provide guidance on the application of materiality to disclosure of accounting policies, assisting entities to provide useful, entity specific accounting policy information that users need to understand other information in the standalone financial statement.