3 Significant Accounting Policies

3.1 New Standards adopted by the Company

On 24 July 2020, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has issued amendments to certain Ind AS as summarised below:

Amendments to Ind AS 1 and Ind AS 8: Definition of Material

The amendments provided a new definition to the word material as follows:

‘Information is material if omitting, misstating or obscuring it could reasonably be expected to influence decisions that the primary users of general-purpose financial statements make on the basis of those financial statements, which provide financial information about a specific reporting entity.’

The amendments clarify that materiality will depend on the nature or magnitude of information, either individually or in combination with other information, in the context of the financial statements. A misstatement of information is material if it could reasonably be expected to

influence decisions made by the primary users.

An information is considered to be obscured if it is communicated in a way that would have a similar effect for primary users of financial statements to omitting or misstating that information. The amendments provided examples of circumstances that may result in information being obscured.

An entity should apply the amendments prospectively for annual periods beginning on or after 1 April 2020.

The amendments to the definition of material had no impact on the standalone financial statements of the Company.

3.2 Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised licenses or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the company expects to receive in exchange for those licenses or services.

The company's revenues are derived from sale of goods and services.

• Revenue from sale of licenses is recognized where control is transferred to the company’s customers at the time of receipt of licenses by the customers.

• Service income, is recognized as and when the underlying services are performed. Upfront non-refundable payments received under these arrangements continue to be deferred and are recognized over the expected period that related services are to be performed.

• Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive the income is established.

• Difference between the sale price and carrying value of investment is recognized as profit or loss on sale /

redemption on investment on trade date of transaction.

• Interest income is accrued on, time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset’s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

3.3 Leases

A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

Company as a lessee

The Company accounts for each lease component within the contract as a lease separately from non-lease components of the contract and allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of the relative standalone price of the lease component and the aggregate standalone price of the non-lease components.

The Company recognizes right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term at the lease commencement date. The cost of the right of-use asset measured at inception shall comprise of the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to be incurred by the lessee in dismantling and removing the underlying asset or restoring the underlying asset or site on which it is located. The right-of-use assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and

adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property, plant and equipment. Right of-use assets are tested for impairment whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Impairment loss, if any, is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

The Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date of the lease. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease if that rate can be readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company uses incremental borrowing rate. For leases with reasonably similar characteristics, the Company, on a lease by lease basis, may adopt either the incremental borrowing rate specific to the lease or the incremental borrowing rate for the portfolio as a whole. The lease payments shall include fixed payments, variable lease payments, residual value guarantees, exercise price of a purchase option where the Company is reasonably certain to exercise that option and payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the lessee exercising an option to terminate the lease. The lease liability is subsequently remeasured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability, reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made and remeasuring the carrying amount to reflect any reassessment or lease modifications or to reflect revised insubstance fixed lease payments. The Company recognizes the amount of the remeasurement of lease liability due to

modification as an adjustment to the right-of-use asset and statement of profit and loss depending upon the nature of modification. Where the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset is reduced to zero and there is a further reduction in the measurement of the lease liability, the Company recognizes any remaining amount of the re-measurement in statement of profit and loss.

The Company has elected not to apply the requirements of Ind AS 116 Leases to short term leases of all assets that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases for which the underlying asset is of low value. The lease payments associated with these leases are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

3.4 Foreign Currencies

In preparing the Financial Statements of the Company, transactions in currencies other than the Company’s functional currency (Foreign Currencies) are recognized at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in Foreign Currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a Foreign Currency are not retranslated. Exchange differences on monetary items are recognized in Profit or Loss in the period in which they arise.

3.5 Borrowing Costs

Specific Borrowing Costs that are attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized as part of the cost of such asset till such time the asset is ready for its intended use and borrowing costs are being incurred. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended

use. All other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.

Borrowing Cost includes Interest Expense, Amortization of Discounts, Ancillary Costs incurred in connection with borrowing of funds and exchange difference arising from Foreign Currency Borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the Interest Cost.

3.6 Taxation

Income Tax expense consists of Current and Deferred Tax. Income Tax expense is recognized in the Income Statement except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in Equity, in which case it is recognized in Equity.

Current tax

Current Tax is the expected tax payable on the Taxable Income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.

Deferred tax

Deferred Tax is recognized using the Balance Sheet method, providing for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of Assets and Liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred Tax is not recognized for the following temporary differences: the initial recognition of Assets or Liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit differences relating to investments in subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities to the extent that it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future; and taxable temporary differences arising upon the initial recognition of goodwill. Deferred

Tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to the temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset Current Tax Liabilities and Assets, and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax Liabilities and Assets on a net basis or their Tax Assets and Liabilities will be realized simultaneously.

A Deferred Tax Asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilized. Deferred Tax Assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.

3.7 Earnings Per Share

The Company presents Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (“EPS”) data for its ordinary Shares. The Basic Earnings Per Share is computed by dividing the Net Profit attributable to Equity Shareholders for the period by the weighted average number of Equity Shares outstanding during the year.

Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the Net Profit attributable to Equity Shareholders for the year relating to the dilutive potential Equity Shares, by the weighted average number of Equity Shares considered for deriving basic Earnings Per Share and the weighted average number of Equity Shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential Equity Shares. Potential Equity Shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to Equity

Shares would decrease the Net Profit Per Share.

3.8 Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE)

The initial cost of PPE comprises its purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes, and any directly attributable costs of bringing an asset to working condition and location for its intended use, including relevant borrowing costs and any expected costs of decommissioning, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Expenditure incurred after the PPE have been put into operation, such as repairs and maintenance, are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which the costs are incurred.

If significant parts of an item of PPE have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of PPE.

Material items such as spare parts, standby equipment and service equipment are classified as PPE when they meet the definition of PPE as specified in Ind AS 16 — Property, Plant and Equipment.

3.9 Expenditure during construction period

Expenditure during construction period (including financing cost related to borrowed funds for construction or acquisition of qualifying PPE) is included under Capital Work-in-Progress, and the same is allocated to the respective PPE on the completion of their construction. Advances given towards acquisition or construction of PPE outstanding at each reporting date are disclosed as Capital Advances under “Other Non-current Assets”.

3.10 Depreciation

Depreciation is the systematic allocation of the depreciable amount of PPE over its useful life and is provided on a straight-

line basis over the useful lives as prescribed in Schedule II to the Act or as per technical assessment.

Depreciable amount for PPE is the cost of PPE less its estimated residual value. The useful life of PPE is the period over which PPE is expected to be available for use by the Company, or the number of production or similar units expected to be obtained from the asset by the Company.

The Company has componentized its PPE and has separately assessed the life of major components. In case of certain classes of PPE, the Company uses different useful lives than those prescribed in Schedule II to the Act. The useful lives have been assessed based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the PPE and the estimated usage of the asset on the basis of management’s best estimation of obtaining economic benefits from those classes of assets.

Such classes of Assets and their estimated

i icrof111 Iinnc imrl*=»r

Depreciation on additions is provided on a pro-rata basis from the month of installation or acquisition and in case of Projects from the date of commencement of commercial production. Depreciation on

deductions/disposals is provided on a prorata basis up to the date of deduction/disposal.

3.11 Intangible Assets and Amortization

Intangible Assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment. Intangible Assets are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis, from the date that they are available for use.

Amortization

The estimated useful life of an identifiable Intangible Asset is based on a number of factors including the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition and other economic factors (such as the stability of the industry and known technological advances) and the level of maintenance expenditures required to obtain the expected future cash flows from the asset.

Software is amortized over a period of three to five years.

3.12 Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents in the Balance Sheet comprise Cash at Bank and in Hand and Short-term Deposits with Banks that are readily convertible into Cash which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value and are held for the purpose of meeting Short-term Cash commitments.

3.13 Cash Flow Statement

Cash Flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net Profit Before Tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The Cash Flows from Operating, Investing and Financing activities of the Company are segregated.

3.14 Government Grants

Government grants are recognized where there is reasonable assurance that the

grant will be received and all attached conditions will be complied with.

Where the Company receives nonmonetary grants, the asset and the grant are accounted at fair value and recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the expected useful life of the Asset.

3.15 Impairment of non Financial Assets

The carrying amounts of the Company’s Non-financial Assets, Inventories and Deferred Tax Assets are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the Asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.

The recoverable amount of an Asset or Cash-generating unit (as defined below) is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in use, the estimated future Cash Flows are discounted to their present value using a Pre-tax Discount Rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or the cash-generating unit. For the purpose of impairment testing, Assets are grouped together into the smallest group of Assets that generates Cash Inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the Cash Inflows of other Assets or groups of Assets (the “cashgenerating unit”).

An Impairment Loss is recognized in the Income Statement if the estimated recoverable amount of an asset or its Cash-generating unit is lower than its carrying amount. Impairment Losses recognized in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An Impairment Loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates

used to determine the recoverable amount. An Impairment Loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of Depreciation or Amortization, if no Impairment Loss had been recognized. Goodwill that forms part of the carrying amount of an Investment in an Associate is not recognized separately, and therefore is not tested for impairment separately. Instead, the entire amount of the investment in an associate is tested for impairment as a single Asset when there is objective evidence that the investment in an associate may be impaired.

An Impairment Loss in respect of Equity accounted investee is measured by comparing the recoverable amount of investment with its carrying amount. An Impairment Loss is recognized in the Income Statement, and reversed if there has been a favourable change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount.

3.16 Employee Benefits

Short-term Employee Benefits

Short-term Employee Benefits are expensed as the related service is provided. A Liability is recognized for the amount expected to be paid if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

Defined Contribution Plans

The Company’s contributions to Defined Contribution Plans are charged to the Income Statement as and when the services are received from the employees.

Defined Benefit Plans

The liability in respect of Defined Benefit Plans and other Post-employment Benefits

is calculated using the projected unit credit method consistent with the advice of qualified actuaries. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using interest rates of high-quality Corporate Bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits will be paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating to the terms of the related defined benefit obligation. In countries where there is no deep market in such bonds, the market rates on Government Bonds are used. The current service cost of the Defined Benefit Plan, recognized in the Income Statement in Employee Benefit expense, reflects the increase in the Defined Benefit Obligation resulting from employee service in the current year, benefit changes, curtailments and settlements. Past service costs are recognized immediately in income. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the Defined Benefit Obligation and the fair value of Plan Assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Income Statement. Actuarial Gains and Losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to Equity in Other Comprehensive Income in the period in which they arise.

Termination Benefits

Termination Benefits are recognized as an expense when the Compa ny is demonstrably committed, without realistic possibility of withdrawal, to a formal detailed plan to either terminate employment before the normal retirement date, or to provide termination benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy. Termination benefits for voluntary redundancies are recognized as an expense if the Company has made an offer encouraging voluntary

redundancy, it is probable that the offer will be accepted, and the number of acceptances can be estimated reliably.

Other Long Term Employee Benefits

The Company’s net obligation in respect of other Long Term Employee Benefits is the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and previous periods. That benefit is discounted to determine its present value. Re-measurements are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise.