Note: 1_

Note: A Corporate Information:

Airo Lam Limited (CIN L20211GJ2007PLC052019) is incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 with its registered office at Survey No: 355, Nananpur Road, N.H. No: 8, Village-Dalpur, Ta-Prantij, Gujarat-383120.

The Company is engaged in the business of production, processing and marketing of decorative laminate and plywood. The manufacturing plant is situated at Himmatnagar, Gujarat. The company has very wide network for sales through an extensive network of 14 branches and numerous distributorships & dealers. It has one overseas subsidiary and one associate company i.e. Airolam Asia Pacific Co. Limited and Airolam Holdings Co. Limited.

The standalone financial statements for the period ended on 31st March, 2024 are approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 27th May, 2024.

Note: B Material Accounting Policies:

1. Basis of Preparation and Presentation:

i) The financial statements are prepared on historical cost basis in accordance with applicable Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) and on accounting principles of going concern except investments which are measured at fair values. These financial statements have been prepared to comply with all material aspects with the Indian accounting standards notified under section 133 of the Act, (the "Act") read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, and the other relevant provisions of the Act.

ii) Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly issued IND AS is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policies hitherto in use.

iii) As the quarter and year figures are taken from the source and rounded to the nearest digits, the figures already reported for all the quarters during the year might not always add up to the year figures reported in this statement.

iv) All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Act. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current classification of assets and liabilities.

2. Accounting estimates and Assumptions:

i) The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions. These estimates, judgments and assumptions affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Management believes that estimates used in the preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable.

Accounting estimates could change from period to period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Appropriate changes in estimates are made as management becomes aware of changes in circumstances surrounding the estimates. Changes in estimates are reflected in the financial statements in the period in which changes are made and, if material, their effects are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.

3. Property, Plant and Equipment

i) Freehold Land is carried at cost and all other Property, Plant and Equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.

Property, plant and equipment acquired after the transition date are stated at cost net of tax/duty credit availed, less accumulated depreciation, if any. Cost includes purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable taxes, after deducting trade discounts, rebates, borrowing costs any other expenses directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management and costs of dismantling removing the item and restoring the site on which it was located under an obligation.

Assets which are not ready for their intended use on reporting date are carried as Capital work-in-progress at cost , comprising direct cost and related incidental expenses. Capital work-in-progress includes cost of property, plant and equipment under installation / under development as at the balance sheet date attributable to bringing the item to working conditions for its intended use and estimated costs of dismantling the item and restoring the site on which it is located. Advances paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each balance sheet date is classified as capital advances under other non-current assets.

ii) Subsequent expenditures relating to property, plant and equipment is capitalized only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with these will flow to the Company and the costs to the item can be measured reliably. Repairs and maintenance costs are recognized in net profit in the statement of profit and loss when incurred. The cost and related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the financial statements upon sale or retirement/disposal of the asset and the resultant gain or losses are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

iii) Depreciation commences when assets are available for there intended use. Property, Plant and Equipment are depreciated and/or amortised on the basis of their useful lives as notified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 except in case of assets costing less than Rs. 5000/- which are depreciated over their useful life as assessed by the management. Assets are depreciated on Straight Line basis over there useful Life from the date they are available for use, except for few assets, which are depreciated on Written Down Value Method. The assets' residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.

Depreciation in respect of additions to assets has been charged on pro rata basis with reference to the period when the assets are ready for use. The provision for depreciation for multiple shifts has been made in respect of eligible assets on the basis of operation of respective units. Where the historical cost of a depreciable asset undergoes a change due to increase or decrease in long term liability on account of exchange fluctuations, if any, the depreciation on the revised unamortised depreciable amount is provided prospectively over the residual useful life of the asset.

An asset's carrying amount is written down immediately on discontinuation to its recoverable amount if the asset's carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount. Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in Profit/Loss on Sale and Discard of Property, Plant & Equipment.

Useful lives of the Property, Plant and Equipment as notified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 are as follows :

Buildings - 3 to 60 years

Plant and Equipment - 15 to 25 years

Furniture and Fixtures - 10 years

Vehicles - 8 to 10 years

Office Equipment - 5 to 10 years

Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and the estimated useful lives of the underlying assets. Buildings constructed on Right-of-use assets are depreciated based on the useful life prescribed in the Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted as appropriate

4. Intangible Assets

i) Intangible assets acquired by payment e.g. Computer Software is disclosed at cost less amortisation on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life.

ii) Intangible assets are carried at cost, net of accumulated amortisation and impairment loss, if any.

iii) Intangible assets are amortised on straight-line method, if any.

iv) At each balance sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amount of intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication of impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the assets is estimated in order to determine the extent of impairment loss. The recoverable amount is higher of the net selling price and the value in use, determined by discounting the estimated future cash flows expected from the continuing use of the asset to their present value.

5. Revenue Recognition

i) Revenue comprises of all economic benefits that arise in the ordinary course of activities of the Company which result in increase in Equity, other than increases relating to contributions from equity participants. Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is reliable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured at the transaction price of the consideration received or receivable.

Ind AS 115 "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" provides a control-based revenue recognition model and provides a five step application approach to be followed for revenue recognition.

• Identify the contract(s) with a customer;

• Identify the performance obligations;

• Determine the transaction price;

• Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations;

• Recognise revenue when or as an entity satisfies performance obligation.

ii) Sale of Goods: Revenue from sales of goods is recognised on transfer of control of products to the customers. Revenue does not include GST, inter-transfers, returns, trade discounts, cash discounts, other benefits passed to customers in kind. The timing of transfers of controls varies depending on the individual terms of sale. Arrangements with customers for selling of goods are all fixed price contracts.

iii) Services: Revenue from Services are recognised as and when the services are rendered.

iv) Export incentives under various schemes are accounted in the year of export, if any.

v) Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the interest rate applicable.

6. Other Income

Interest: Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the amortised cost and at the effective interest rate applicable.

Dividends: Dividend from investment is recognized when the Company in which they are held declares the dividend and when the right to receive the same is established.

Insurance Claims: Insurance Claims are accounted for on acceptance and when there is a reasonable certainty of receiving the same, on grounds of prudence.

Export Incentives: Benefit on account of entitlement to import goods free of duty under the Advance Authorisation Scheme, Duty Free Import Authorisation (DFIA), are accounted for on accrual basis at estimated realisable value, as and when exports are made i.e., in the year of export. Profit or loss arising on utilisation of the same and/or sale thereof are accounted for in the year in which either the imports are made against the said Advance License, DFIA and/or the same are sold. Incentives on exports are recognised in books after due consideration of certainty of utilization/receipt of such incentives.

7. Employee Benefits

i) Short-term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the Statement of Profit and Loss of the year in which the related service is rendered.

ii) Post Employment and Retirement benefits in the form of Gratuity are considered as defined benefit obligations and is provided for on the basis of third party actuarial valuation, using the projected unit credit method, as at the date of the Balance Sheet. Every Employee who has completed five years or more of service is entitled to Gratuity on terms not less favourable than the provisions of The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972.

iii) The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation.

iv) Employee benefits in the form of Provident Fund is considered as defined contribution plan and the contributions to Employees' Provident Fund Organization established under The Employees' Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1952 is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss of the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due. The Company pays provident fund contributions to publicly administered provident funds as per local regulations. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid.

8. Valuation of Inventories

i) The cost of inventories have been computed to include all cost of purchases, cost of conversion and other related costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. The costs of Raw Materials, Stores and spare parts etc., consumed consist of purchase price including duties and taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable by the enterprise from the taxing authorities), freight inwards and other expenditure directly attributable to the procurement.

ii) Stock of Raw Materials are valued at cost and of those in transit and at port related to these items are valued at cost to date. Goods and materials in transit are valued at actual cost incurred up to the date of balance sheet. Material and supplies held for use in the production of inventories are not written down if the finished products in which they will be used are expected to be sold at or above cost.

iii) Stock of Stores and spare parts, and Power & Fuels are valued at cost; and of those in transit and at port related to these items are valued at cost.

iv) Goods-in-process is valued at lower of cost or net realisable value.

v) Stock-in-trade is valued at lower of cost or net realisable value.

vi) Stock of Finished goods is valued at lower of cost or net realisable value.

9. Cash Flow Statement

i) Cash flows are reported using indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flow from regular revenue generating, financing and investing activities of the Company is segregated.

ii) Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at bank, cash/cheques in hand and short term investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

10. Financial Assets

i) The Company classifies its financial assets as those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss), and those to be measured at amortised cost using effective interest rate method.

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition, except if and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

(a) the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and

(b) the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

The Company measures all equity instruments in subsidiaries at cost initially and also on subsequent recognition.

ii) Trade receivables represent receivables for goods sold by the Company upto the end of the financial year. The amounts are generally unsecured and are usually received as per the terms of payment agreed with the customers. The amounts are presented as current assets where receivable is due within 12 months from the reporting date.

iii) Trade receivables are impaired using the lifetime expected credit loss model under simplified approach. The Company uses a matrix to determine the impairment loss allowance based on its historically observed default rates over expected life of trade receivables and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. At every reporting date, the impairment loss allowance, if any, is determined and updated and the same is deducted from Trade Receivables with corresponding charge/credit to the standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

iv) A financial asset is derecognized only when the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset, or when it has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or when it has transferred the control of the asset.

11. Financial Liabilities

i) Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortised cost or FVTPL.

ii) Borrowings are initially recognised and subsequently measured at amortised cost, net of transaction costs incurred. The transaction costs is amortised over the period of borrowings using the effective interest method in Capital Work in Progress up to the commencement of related Plant, Property and Equipment and subsequently under finance costs in the standalone Statement of profit and loss.

iii) Borrowings are removed from balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expired.

iv) Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.

v) Trade Payables represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company up to the end of the financial year. The amounts are unsecured and are usually paid as per the terms of payment agreed with the vendors. The amounts are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period.

v) Financial assets and Financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

vi) Derivative financial instruments are in the nature of Forward contracts. Forward contracts are executed to hedge the foreign exchange rate with respect to liabilities for goods and services in foreign currencies. Interest rate swaps are executed to hedge the interest rate with respect to borrowings in foreign currencies.

Derivative financial instruments are recognised initially and subsequently at fair value through mark to market valuation obtained from banking partners. Gain or loss arising from the changes in fair value of derivatives are debited to the foreign exchange fluctuations in the statement of profit and loss.

12. Borrowing Costs

i) Borrowing costs are interest and other costs (including exchange differences relating to foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs) incurred in connection with the borrowing of funds. Ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings are amortised over the period of borrowings.

ii) General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as part of the cost of such assets during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use. A qualifying asset is one that takes necessarily substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use.

iii) All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

13. Foreign Currency Transactions

i) The Company's financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees ('''), which is also the Company's functional currency.

ii) Foreign currency transactions are recorded on initial recognition in the functional currency, using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. At each balance sheet date, foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing exchange rate. Exchange differences that arise on settlement of monetary items or on reporting at each balance sheet date of the Company's monetary items at the closing rate are recognised as income or expenses in the period in which they arise.

iii) Non-monetary items which are carried at historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

14. Accounting for Taxes on Income

i) Tax expenses comprise of current tax and deferred tax including applicable surcharge and cess.

ii) Current Income tax is computed using the tax effect accounting method, where taxes are accrued in the same period in which the related revenue and expenses arise. A provision is made for income tax annually, based on the tax liability computed, after considering tax allowances and exemptions. Provisions are recorded when it is estimated that a liability due to disallowances or other matters is probable.

iii) Deferred tax is provided using the balance sheet approach on temporary differences at the reporting date between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any un used tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

iv) The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax assets to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it is become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

v) Deferred tax is recognised in the statement of profit and loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income. As such, deferred tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income.

vi) Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by same governing taxation laws.

15. Investments

Non Current investments are stated at cost. Provision for diminution in the value of Non Current investments is made only if such a decline is other than temporary.

16. Impairment

Assessment is done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. For the purpose of assessing impairment, the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets, is considered as a cash generating unit. If any such indication exists, an estimate of the recoverable amount of the asset/cash generating unit is made. Assets whose carrying value exceeds their recoverable amount are written down to the recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset's or cash generating unit's net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods may no longer exist or may have decreased.

17. Government Grants

i) Grants are accounted for where it is reasonably certain that the ultimate collection will be made.

ii) Grants relating to PPE in the nature of Project Capital Subsidy are credited to that particular PPE.

iii) Others are credited to Statement of Profit and Loss.

18. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

i) Provisions are made when (a) the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events; (b) it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; and (c) a reliable estimate is made of the amount of the obligation.

ii) Contingent liabilities are not provided for but are disclosed by way of Notes on Accounts. Contingent liabilities is disclosed in case of a present obligation from past events (a) when it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; (b) when no reliable estimate is possible; (c) unless the probability of outflow of resources is remote.

iii) Contingent assets are not accounted but disclosed by way of Notes on Accounts where the inflow of economic benefits is probable.

19. Current and Non-Current Classification

i) The Normal Operating Cycle for the Company has been assumed to be of twelve months for classification of its various assets and liabilities into "Current" and "Non-Current".

ii) The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current and non-current classification.

iii) An asset is current when it is (a) expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle; (b) held primarily for the purpose of trading; (c) expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period; (d) Cash and cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. All other assets are classified as non-current.

iv) An liability is current when (a) it is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle; (b) it is held primarily for the purpose of trading; (c) it is due to be discharged within twelve months after the reporting period; (d) there is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

20. Segment Reporting

Operating Segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM). The CODM assesses the financial performance and position of the company, and makes strategic decisions. The CODM consists of Managing Director & CEO and Chief Financial Officer.

The Company's operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves

different markets. The identified segments are Manufacturing and Sale of (a) Laminate and Allied products; and (b) Plywood and Allied products.

The analysis of geographical segment is based on the geographical location of the customers. The geographical segments considered for disclosure are (a) Sales within India include sales to customers located within India; (b) Sales outside India include sales to customers located outside India.

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment according to the cost incurred in that segment.

The Unallocated Segment includes general corporate income and expense items, which are not allocated to any business segment.

21. Related Party Transactions

i) A related party is a person or entity that is related to the reporting entity preparing its financial statement

a) A person or a close member of that person's family is related to reporting entity if that person;

a. has control or joint control of the reporting entity;

b. has significant influence over the reporting entity; or

c. is a member of the key management personnel of the reporting entity or of a parent of the reporting entity.

b) An entity is related to a reporting entity if any of the following conditions applies;

a. the entity and the reporting entity are members of the same group (which means that each parent, subsidiary and fellow subsidiary is related to the others);

b. One entity is an associate or joint venture of the other entity (or an associate or joint venture of a member of a group of which the other entity is a member);

c. Both entities are joint ventures of the same third party;

d. One entity is a joint venture of a third entity and the other entity is an associate of the third entity;

e. The entity is a post-employment benefit plan for the benefit of employees of either the reporting entity or an entity related to the reporting entity;

f. The entity is controlled or jointly controlled by a person identified in (a);

g. A person identified in (a)

h. The entity, or any member of a group of which it is a part, provides key management personnel services to the reporting entity or to the parent of the reporting entity.

Has significant influence over the entity or is a member of the key management personnel of the entity (or of a parent of the entity);

A related party transaction is a transfer of resources, services or obligations between a reporting entity and a related party, regardless of whether a price is charged.

Close members of the family of a person are those family members who may be expected to influence, or be influenced by, that person in their dealings with the entity.

Compensation includes all employee benefits i.e. all forms of consideration paid, payable or provided by the entity, or on behalf of the entity, in exchange for services rendered to the entity. It also includes such consideration paid on behalf of a parent of the entity in respect of the entity.

Key management personnel are those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the entity, directly or indirectly, including any director (whether executive or otherwise) of that entity.

c) Disclosure of related party transactions as required by the IND AS is furnished in the Notes on the Standalone Financial Statements.

22. Earning Per Share

i) Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

ii) For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

22. Critical Accounting Judgments, Assumptions and Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty

The preparation of the Standalone Financial Statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Estimates and assumptions are continuously evaluated and are based on management's experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.

i) Judgements

In the process of applying the Company's accounting policies, management has made the following judgements, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the standalone financial statements.

a) Determination of Functional Currency

Currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates ("the functional currency") is Indian Rupee (Rs) in which the Company primarily generates and expends cash. Accordingly, the Management has assessed its functional currency to be Indian Rupee (Rs) i.e. Rs in Lakhs.

b) Evaluation of Indicators for Impairment of Property, Plant and Equipment

The evaluation of applicability of indicators of impairment of assets requires assessment of external factors (significant decline asset's value, significant changes in the technological, market, economic or legal environment, market interest rates etc.) and internal factors (obsolescence or physical damage of an asset, poor economic performance of the asset etc.) which could result in significant change in recoverable amount of the Property, Plant and Equipment.

ii) Assumptions and Estimation Uncertainties

Information about estimates and assumptions that have the significant effect on recognition and measurement of assets, liabilities, income and expenses is provided below. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

a) Useful lives of Property, Plant and Equipment/Intangible Assets

Property, Plant and Equipment/ Intangible Assets are depreciated/amortised over their estimated useful lives, after taking into account estimated residual value. The useful lives and residual values are based on the Company's historical experience with similar assets and taking into account anticipated technological changes or commercial obsolescence. Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of the assets annually in order to determine the amount of depreciation/amortisation to be recorded during any reporting period. The depreciation/amortisation for future periods is revised, if there are significant changes from previous estimates and accordingly, the unamortised/depreciable amount is charged over the remaining useful life of the assets.

b) Contingent Liabilities

In the normal course of business, Contingent Liabilities may arise from litigation and other claims against the Group. Potential liabilities that are possible but not probable of crystallising or are very difficult to quantify reliably are treated as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the Notes but are not recognised. Potential liabilities that are remote are neither recognised nor disclosed as contingent liability. The management decides whether the matters need to be classified as 'remote', 'possible' or 'probable' based on expert advice, past judgements, experiences etc.

c) Evaluation of Indicators for Impairment of Property, Plant and Equipment

The evaluation of applicability of indicators of impairment of assets requires assessment of external factors (significant decline in asset's value, economic or legal environment, market interest rates etc.) and internal factors (obsolescence or physical damage of an asset, poor economic performance of the idle assets etc.) which could result in significant change in recoverable amount of the Property, Plant and Equipment and such assessment is based on estimates, future plans as envisaged by the Company.

d) Provisions

Provisions and liabilities are recognised in the period when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events and the amount of cash outflow can be reliably estimated. The timing of recognition and quantification of the liability requires the application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances, which can be subject to change. The carrying amounts of provisions and liabilities are reviewed regularly and revised to take account of changing facts and circumstances.

22. Fair Value Measurement

i) The Company measures financial instruments such as investment in other equity at fair value at each balance sheet date.

ii) Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either in the principal market for the asset or liability, or in the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability. The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

iii) The fair value of an asset or liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

iv) A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

v) The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

vi) All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised with in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy is based on inputs to valuation techniques that are used to measure fair value that are either observable or unobservable and consists of following three levels:

Level 1 - Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - Inputs are other than quoted prices included with in level 1 that are observable for the assets or liabilities either directly (pear prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived prices).

Level 3 - Inputs are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). Fair values are determined in whole or in part using a Valuation model based on assumption that are neither supported by prices from observable current market transactions in the same instrument nor are they based on available market data.

23. Leases:

The Company's lease asset classes primarily consist of leases for buildings. The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether: (i) the contract involves the use of an identified asset (ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.

At the date of commencement of the lease, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset ("ROU") and a corresponding lease liability for all lease arrangements in which it is a lessee, except for leases with a term of twelve months or less (shortterm leases) and low value leases. For these short-term and low value leases, the Company recognizes the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

The right-of-use assets are initially recognized at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or prior to the commencement date of the lease plus any initial direct costs less any lease incentives. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Right-of-use assets are depreciated from the commencement date on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and useful life of the underlying asset.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the future lease payments. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if not readily determinable, using the incremental borrowing rates in the country of domicile of these leases. Lease liability and ROU asset have been separately presented in the Balance Sheet and lease payments have been classified as financing cash flows. In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a modification, a change in the lease term, a change in the lease payments (e.g., changes to future payments resulting from a change in an index or rate used to determine such lease payments) or a change in the assessment of an option to purchase the underlying asset.

24. Expenses for CSR

i) In case of CSR activities undertaken by the Company, if any expenditure of revenue nature is incurred or an irrevocable contribution is made to any agency to be spent by the latter on any of the activities mentioned in Schedule VII to the Companies Act, 2013, the same is charged as an expense to its Statement of Profit and Loss.

ii) In case, the expenditure incurred by the Company is of such a nature which gives rise to an asset, such an asset is recognised where the Company retains the control of the asset and any future economic benefit accrues to it. A liability incurred by entering in to a contractual obligation is recognised to the extent to which CSR activity is completed during the year.