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Company Information

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AMBAR PROTEIN INDUSTRIES LTD.

21 November 2024 | 12:00

Industry >> Edible Oils & Solvent Extraction

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ISIN No INE072V01017 BSE Code / NSE Code 519471 / AMBARPIL Book Value (Rs.) 43.60 Face Value 10.00
Bookclosure 30/09/2024 52Week High 289 EPS 5.47 P/E 35.65
Market Cap. 112.13 Cr. 52Week Low 131 P/BV / Div Yield (%) 4.47 / 0.00 Market Lot 1.00
Security Type Other

ACCOUNTING POLICY

You can view the entire text of Accounting Policy of the company for the latest year.
Year End :2024-03 

3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

3.1 Current versus non-current classification:

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the Balance Sheet based on current / non-current classification. An asset is treated as current when it is:

i. Expected to be realised or intended to sold or consumed in normal operating cycle;

ii. Held primarily for the purpose of trading;

iii. Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period; or

iv. Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A. liability is current when:

i. It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle.

ii. It is held primarily for the purpose of trading.

iii. It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or

iv. There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are considered as noncurrent assets and liabilities.

Operating Cycle

The operating cycle is the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realization cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve month as its operating cycle.

3.2 Use of Estimates:

The estimates and judgements used in the preparation of the financial statements

Are continuously evaluated by the Company and are based on historical experience and various other assumptions and factors (including expectations of Future events) that the Company believes to be reasonable under the existing circumstances. Differences between actual results and estimates are recognised in the period in which the results are known/ materialised.

The said estimates are based on the facts and events, that existed as at reporting date, or that occurred after that date but provide additional evidence about conditions existing as at the reporting date.

3.3 Foreign Currencies:

Items included in the financial statements of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates ('The Functional Currency') The Financial statements are presented in Indian Rupee (INR), which is the company's functional and presentation currency.

3.4 Fair Value Measurement:

The Company measures financial instruments, such as derivatives at fair value at each balance sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

? In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

? In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability. The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use. The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

Level 1-Quoted(unadjusted)market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2-Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

Level 3-Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

3.5 Property, plant and equipment:

On the date of transition, the Company has elected to continue with the previous GAAP's carrying amount as deemed cost to measure all the items of property, plant and equipment.

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of recoverable taxes less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises purchase price and borrowing costs if capitalisation criteria are met, the cost of replacing part of the fixed assets and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use. Each part of an item of property, plant and equipment with a cost that is significant in relation to the total cost of the item is depreciated separately. This applies mainly to components for machinery. When significantly parts of property, plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the company recognises such parts as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciates them accordingly. Likewise, when a major overhauling is performed, its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the Property, plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.

Subsequent expenditure related to an item of Property, plant and equipment is added to its book value only if it increases the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. All other expenses on existing Property, plant and equipment, including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of parts replaced, are charged to the statement of Profit and Loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred. Borrowing cost relating to acquisition / construction of fixed assets which take substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.

Capital work in progress comprised of cost of Property, plant and equipment that are yet not installed and not ready for their intended use at the balance sheet date.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if applicable.The Company calculates depreciation on items of property, plant and equipment on a straight-line basis as per the Companies Act 2013.

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An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

There has been no Revaluation during the financial year in any class of assets of the company.

The company does not hold any benami property during the year.

Company does not hold any immovable property which is not held in the name of the company.

3.6 Intangible assets:

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost.

Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost, less any accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Intangible assets in the form of software are amortised on a straight-line basis six years. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortisation expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

3.7 Impairment of non-financial assets:

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, the Company estimates the asset's recoverable amount. An asset's recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's or cash generating unit's (CGU) net selling price and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.

In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

3.8 Investment and other Financial Assets:

Financial assets are recognized and measured in accordance with Ind AS - 109 Financial Instruments. Accordingly, the company recognizes financial asset only when it has contractual right to receive cash or other financial assets from another Company.

i. Initial recognition and measurement

All financial assets, except investment in subsidiary are measured initially at fair value plus, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. The transaction cost incurred for the purchase of financial assets held at fair value through profit or loss are expended in the statement of Profit and Loss immediately.

ii. Subsequent measurement:

For the purpose of Subsequent measurement financial assets are classified in three categories:

? Measured at amortised cost

? Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI)

? Measured at fair value through Profit and Loss (FVTPL)

Debt instruments at amortised cost:

Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost. Financial assets are accounted for at amortized cost using the effective interest method. This category comprises trade accounts receivable, loans, cash and cash equivalents, bank balances and other financial assets. A gain or loss on a debt instrument that is subsequently measured at amortized cost and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognized or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the effective interest rate method.

Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI):

Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets' cashflows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at fair value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVOCI).The movement in carrying amount are taken through Other Comprehensive Income, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial asset is derecognized, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in Other Comprehensive Income is reclassified from equity to the Statement of Profit and Loss and recognized in other gains/ (losses). Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the effective interest rate method.

Debt instruments at fair value through Profit and Loss (FVTPL):

FVTPL is a residual category for debt instruments. Any debt instrument, which does not meet the criteria for categorisation at amortized cost or FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL.

Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Equity investments:

All equity investments, except in subsidiary are measured at cost in scope of IndAS 109 are measured at fair value. For all other equity instruments, the company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

If the company decides to classify an equity instrument as a FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI). There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to Statement of Profit and Loss, even on sale of Investment. However, the company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.

Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

iii. Derecognition:

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the company's Balance sheet) when:

? The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

? The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a pass-through 'arrangement" and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

iv. Impairment of financial assets:

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial assets and credit exposure:

a) Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortised cost e.g. loans, debt securities, deposits, trade receivables and bank balance.

b) Trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset.

c) Financial guarantee contracts which are not measured at FVTPL.

The company follows 'simplified approach' for recognition of impairment loss allowance on trade receivables. Under the simplified approach, the company does not track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive, discounted at the original EIR. ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognised during the period is recognised as income/expense in the statement of profit and Loss. This amount is reflected under the head' other expenses' in the Statement of Profit and loss

3.9 Financial liabilities:

Initial recognition and measurement:

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through statement of Profit and Loss, loans and borrowing, payables, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate.

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

The company's financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including cash credit facilities from banks and derivative financial instruments.

Subsequent measurement:

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Financial liabilities at fair value through Statement of Profit and loss.

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through Profit and loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivatives financial instruments entered into by the company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind AS 109.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the Statement of Profit and loss. Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through statement of profit and loss are designated as such at the initial

date of recognition and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognised in OCI. These gains/losses are not subsequently transferred to P&L. However, the company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. The company has not designated any financial liability at FVTPL.

Loans and borrowings:

Borrowing cost includes interest expense as per Effective Interest Rate (EIR) and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the respective asset. Where funds are borrowed specifically to finance a project, the amount capitalised represents the actual borrowing costs incurred. Where surplus funds are available out of money borrowed specifically to finance a project, the income generated from such current investments is deducted from the total capitalized borrowing cost. Where the funds used to finance a project form part of general borrowings, the amount capitalised is calculated using a weighted average of rates applicable to relevant general borrowings of the company during the year. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to profit and loss during the extended periods when the active development on the qualifying assets is interrupted.

All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur

Financial guarantee contracts:

Financial guarantee contracts issued by the company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognised initially as a liability at fair value through statement of profit and loss(FVTPL), adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 and the amount recognised less cumulative amortisation.

De-recognition:

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the de- recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of Profit and loss.

Derivative financial instrument:

The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts, to hedge its foreign currency risks. Such derivative financial instrument is initially recognized at fair value through consolidated statement of Profit and loss (FVTPL) on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and is subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivative financial instrument are classified in the consolidated statement of Profit and loss and reported with foreign exchange gains/(loss) not within results from operating activities. Changes in fair value and gains/(losses) on settlement of foreign currency derivative financial instruments relating to borrowings, which have not been designed as hedge are recorded as finance cost.

Offsetting of financial instruments:

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset, and the net amount is reported in the balancesheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to relate the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

3.10 Inventories:

Finished goods and Work-in-process are stated at the lower of cost and estimated net realizable value. Cost of inventories constitutes direct materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity.

Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and estimated net realizable value. Cost is determined on weighted average basis. However, materials and other items held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold are at or above cost.

Traded goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes cost of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is determined on a weighted average basis.

Provision is recognized for damaged, defective or obsolete stocks where necessary. Cost of all inventories is determined using weighted average method of valuation.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

3.11 Revenue recognition:

Revenue from contracts with customers

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment and excluding taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government.

There has been no transaction of undisclosed income not recorded in books of accounts.

The company has generally concluded that it is the principal in its revenue arrangements, because it typically controls the goods or services before transferring them to the customer.

Sale of Goods

Revenue is recognized on the basis of customer contracts and the performance obligation contained therein. Revenue is recognized at a point in time when the control to the buyer of goods or services is transferred to a customer. Revenue from product deliveries are recognized at a point in time based on an overall assessment of the existence of a right to payment, the allocation of ownership rights, the transfer of risks and rewards, and acceptance by the customer. The goods are often sold with volume discounts/ pricing incentives and customers have a right to return damaged products. Revenue from sales is based on the price in the sales contracts, net of discounts. No element of financing is deemed present as the sales are made with the normal credit terms as per prevalent trade practice and credit policy followed by the Company on normal credit terms.

Variable Consideration

If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, the company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated at contract inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant revenue reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the associated uncertainty with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Some contracts for the sale of goods provide customers with a right of liquidated damages. The liquidated damages give rise to variable consideration.

Other Income

Interest Income is recognized on time proportion basis taking in to account the amounts outstanding and the rates applicable. Interest income is included under the head "other income" in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Rental Income from a part of the godown premises is recognized on time basis and included under the head "other income" in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Contract Balances Contract assets

A contract asset is the right to consideration in exchange for goods or services transferred to the customer. If the Company performs by transferring goods or services to a customer before the customer pays consideration or before payment is due, a contract asset is recognized for the earned consideration that is conditional.

Trade receivables

A receivable represents the Company's right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e., only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is due). Refer to accounting policies of financial assets in note 3.8 -initial recognition and subsequent measurement.

Contract liabilities (Advance from customers)

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods or services to the customer, a contract liability is recognized when the payment is made, or the payment is due (whichever is earlier). Contract liabilities (advance from customers) are recognized as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.

3.12 Taxes:

Tax expense comprises of current income tax and deferred tax.

Current income tax:

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognized outside the statement of Profit and Loss is recognized outside the statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Deferred tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provision where appropriate.

Deferred income tax:

Income tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purpose at the reporting date.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences, except.

? When the Deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss.

? In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available against the deductible temporary differences and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized except:

? When the deferred tax asset arises relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss.

? In respect of deductible temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint arrangements, deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that the temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax assets is to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets are re- assessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside the statement of Profit and Loss is recognized outside the statement of Profit and Loss. Deferred tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

The Company recognizes tax credits in the nature of MAT credit as an asset only to the extent that there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period, i.e. the period for which tax credit is allowed to be carried forward. In the year in which the Company recognizes tax credits as an asset, the said asset is created by way of tax credit to the Statement of profit and loss. The Company reviews such tax credit assets at each reporting date and writes down the asset to the extent the Company does not have convincing evidence that it will pay normal tax during the specified period. Deferred tax includes MAT tax credit.

3.13 Employee benefits:

I. Defined Contribution Plan

a. Provident Fund

Contributions in respect of Employees who are not covered by Company's Employees Provident fund trust are made to the Fund administered by the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner as per the provisions of employees 'Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and are charged to Statement of profit and Loss as and when services are rendered by employees. The Company has no obligation other than the contribution payable to the Regional provident fund.

I. Defined Benefit plan

a. Gratuity

Every employee who has completed five years or more of service is entitled to Gratuity as per the provisions of The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. Retirement Gratuity for employees is funded Through a scheme of Life Insurance Corporation of India the costs of providing benefits under this plan are determined on the basis of actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at each year-end. Actuarial gains/ losses are immediately recognized in retained earnings through Other Comprehensive Income in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not re-classified to profit or loss in subsequent periods. The excess/shortfall in the fair value of the plan assets over the present alue of the obligation calculated as per actuarial methods as at balance sheet dates is recognized as a gain/ loss in the Statement of Profit and loss. Any asset arising out of this calculation is limited to the past service cost plus the present value of available refunds and reduction in future contributions.

b. Provident Fund

In respect of the employees covered by the Company's Employee provident Fund trust in Point I a above, contributions to the Company's Employee provident Fund trust (administered by the Company as per the provisions of Employees' Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952) are made in accordance with the fund rules. The interest rate payable to the beneficiaries every year is being notified by the Government.

In the case of contribution to the Trust, the Company has an obligation to make good the shortfall, if any between the return from the investments of the Trust and the notified interest rate and recognizes such obligation, if any determined based on an actuarial valuation as at the balance sheet date, as an expense.