1.1 COMPANY INFORMATION:
Apcotex Industries Limited. is one of the leading producers of Synthetic Lattices (VP Latex, SBR and Acrylic Latex, Nitrile Latex) and Synthetic Rubber (HSR, NBR) in India. The Company has one of the broadest ranges of products based on Styrene - Butadiene Chemistry And Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Chemistry available in the market today. Company's product range is used, among other applications, for Tyre Cord Dipping, Paper/Paper Board Coating, Concrete Modification/Water Proofing,Textile Finishing,Hand Gloves etc. The various grades of Synthetic Rubber find application in products such as Footwear, Automotive components, V-belts, Conveyor belts and Hoses. The Registered office of the company is situated at 49-53 Mahavir Centre, Sector 17, Vashi, Navi Mumbai -400703.
1.2 BASIS OF PREPARATION
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (herein referred to as 'IND AS') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to Section 133 of Companies Act 2013, read with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules 2015 (as amended).
The financial statements have been prepared and presented under historical cost convention, on accrual and going concern basis of accounting except certain financial asset and liabilities that are measured at fair value at the end of each accounting period as stated in the accounting policies below. The Accounting policies are applied consistently in presenting these financial statements.
The classification of assets and liabilities of the Company into current or non-current is based on the criterion specified in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. The Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities.
The financial statements are approved by the Audit Committee and Board of Directors at their meeting held on 6th May, 2024. The Board of Directors of the Company has authorized to issue the financial statements as per decision taken in their meeting held on 6th May, 2024.
(a) Functional and Presentation currency:
The financial statements are prepared in Indian Rupees, which is the Functional and Presentation currency for the Company.
(b) Use of Estimates:
The preparation of Financial Statement in accordance with IND AS requires use of estimates and assumptions for some items, which might have effect on their recognition and measurement in the Balance Sheet and Statement of Profit and Loss. The actual amounts realized may differ from these estimates. Accounting estimates could change from period to period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Appropriate changes in estimates are made as Management becomes aware of changes in circumstances surrounding the estimates. Differences between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized, and if material, their effects are disclosed in the notes to financial statements.
Estimates and assumptions are required for:
i. Useful life of Property Plant and Equipment:
Determination of estimated useful life of Property Plant and Equipment and the assessments as to which components of cost may be capitalized. Useful life of Property Plant and Equipment is based on life prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. Assumptions also need to be made, when the Company assesses, whether an asset may be capitalized and which components of the cost of the asset may be capitalized.
ii. Recognition and measurement of defined benefit obligations:
The obligation arising from the defined benefit plan is determined on basis of actuarial assumptions. Key actuarial assumptions include discount rate, salary escalation rate, attrition rate, and life expectancy. The discount rate is determined with reference to market yields at the end of reporting period on the government bonds.
iii. Recognition of deferred tax assets:
A deferred tax asset is recognized for all the deductible temporary differences to the extent that is probable that taxable profits will be available against which the deductible temporary difference can be utilized. The management assumes that taxable profits will be available while recognizing deferred tax assets.
iv. Recognition and measurement of other provisions:
The recognition and measurement of other provisions are based on the assessment of the probability of an outflow of resources, and on past experience and circumstances known at the Balance Sheet date. The actual outflow of resources at future date may vary from the figure included in other provisions.
v. Discounting of long-term financial liabilities:
All financial liabilities are required to be measured at fair value on initial recognition. In case of financial liabilities, which are subsequently measured at amortized cost, interest is accrued using the effective interest method.
vi. Determining whether an arrangement contains a lease:
At the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease. At the inception or on reassessment of an arrangement that contains a lease, the Company separates payments and other consideration required by the arrangement into those for the lease and those for the other elements on the basis of their relative fair values. If the company concludes for a finance lease that it is impracticable to separate the payments reliably then an asset and a liability are recognized at an amount equal to the fair value of the underlying asset; subsequently the liability is reduced as payments are made and an imputed finance cost on the liability is recognized using the Company's incremental borrowing rate.
vii. Fair value of financial instruments:
Derivatives are carried at fair value. Derivatives include Foreign Currency Forward Contracts and options. Fair value of Foreign Currency Forward Contracts is determined using the rates published by Reserve Bank of India / State Bank of India.
viii. Current Vs. Non-Current classification:
I. An asset is classified as current when it is:
1. Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle
2. Held primarily for purpose of trading
3. Expected to be realized within twelve months after the reporting period or
4. Cash or cash equivalents unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non - current
II. A liability is classified as current when it is:
1. Expected to be settled in normal operating cycle
2. Held primarily for purpose of trading
3. Due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period or
4. There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other liabilities are treated as non-current.
III. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
1.3 MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
I. Property Plant and Equipment
a) Initial and subsequent recognition and CWIP:
Property Plant & Equipment are carried at the cost of acquisition or construction, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment, if any. The cost of items of Property Plant & Equipment includes taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from tax authorities), duties, freight and other directly attributable costs related to the acquisition or construction of the respective assets. Know-how related to plans, designs and drawings of buildings or plant and machinery is capitalized under relevant asset heads.
Subsequent costs are included in the assets carrying amount or recognized as separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs & maintenance are charged to profit and loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
Capital work-in-progress comprises of the cost of Property Plant and Equipment that are not ready for their intended use at the reporting date. Any gain or loss on de-recognition (calculated as difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognized.
b) Depreciation & Amortization:
Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on the straight-line method based on estimated useful life prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.
c) Impairment:
The carrying amounts of the Company's tangible assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the assets' recoverable amounts are estimated in order to determine the extent of impairment loss, if any. An impairment loss is recognized whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The impairment loss, if any, is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which impairment takes place.
Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, however subject to the increased carrying amount not exceeding the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior accounting periods.
The residual values, useful lives and method of depreciation of property, plant and equipment is reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.
II. Intangible Assets:
a) Initial and subsequent recognition:
Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition of such assets and are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment, if any.
Separately purchased intangibles are initially measured at cost. Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recognized at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequently intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, if any.
The useful lives of intangible assets is assessed as either finite or infinite. Finite-life intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of their expected useful lives. Estimated useful lives of finite-life intangible assets is as follows:
Computer Software - 3 years
b) Amortization:
The amortization period and the amortization method for finite-life intangible assets is reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.
III. Investments property
a) Initial and subsequent recognition:
Investment properties are properties that are held to earn rentals and /or for capital appreciation (including property under construction for such purposes) and not occupied by the Company for its own use.
Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including transaction costs and net of recoverable taxes. The cost includes the cost of replacing parts and borrowing costs if recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of the investment property are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognized in profit or loss as incurred.
Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any.
b) Depreciation:
Depreciation on Investment property, wherever applicable, is provided on straight line basis as per useful lives prescribed in Schedule II to Companies Act, 2013.
c) De-recognition:
Investment properties are derecognized either when they have been disposed of or when they are being occupied by the Company for its own use or when they are permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefit is expected from their disposal. The difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset is recognized in profit or loss in the period of de-recognition.
IV. Inventories:
Inventories are valued at lower of Cost and Net Realizable Value.
The cost is determined as follows:
a) Raw and Packing Materials are valued at cost or market value, whichever is lower, computed on weighted average basis. The cost includes the cost of purchase and other expenses directly attributable to their acquisition but excludes duties and taxes, which are subsequently recoverable.
b) The finished goods inventory is valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes material cost, conversion, appropriate factory overheads, any tax or duties (as applicable) and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.
c) Work-in-Process is valued at material cost and cost of conversion appropriate to their location in the manufacturing cycle.
d) Stores, Spares and consumables are valued at cost, computed on First in First Out (FIFO) basis. The cost includes the cost of purchase and other expenses directly attributable to their acquisition but excludes duties and taxes that are subsequently recoverable, if any.
Slow-moving and damaged, unserviceable stocks are adequately provided wherever considered necessary.
V. Cash and Cash Equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of Cash Flow Statements includes cash in hand, deposits with banks and short term highly liquid investments, which are readily convertible into cash and have original maturities of three months or less and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
VI. Non-current Assets held for sale:
Non-current assets or disposal groups comprising of assets and liabilities are classified as 'held for sale' when all the following criteria are met:
(i) decision has been made to sell
(ii) the assets are available for immediate sale in its present condition
(iii) the assets are being actively marketed
(iv) sale has been agreed or expected to be concluded within 12 months of the Balance Sheet date
Subsequently, such non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of its carrying value and fair value less cost to sell. Non-current assets held for sale are not depreciated or amortized.
VII. Borrowing costs:
Borrowing costs, if any, directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an qualifying asset (net of income earned on temporary deployment of funds) that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized. All other borrowing costs are charged to statement of profit and loss. Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing cost.
General Borrowing cost incurred in connection with qualifying assets is capitalized by applying the capitalization rate on the quantum of such borrowings utilized for such assets.
VIII. Revenue recognition:
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.
Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for discounts and other incentives, if any, as specified in the contract with the customer. Revenue also excludes taxes or other amounts collected from customers in its capacity as an agent. If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, the company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated at contract inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant revenue reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the associated uncertainty with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.
Dividend income is recognized in statement of profit and loss only when the right to receive payment is established, which is generally when shareholders approve dividend.
Export incentives receivable under Duty Drawback Scheme and MEIS are accounted on accrual basis.
Interest income is recognized using the effective interest rate (EIR) method.
Insurance claims are recognized post filing of the claim with the insurer.
IX. Foreign Currency Transactions:
Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are normally recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction. Monetary items denominated in foreign currencies at the year end are re-measured at the exchange rate prevailing on the balance sheet date. Non-monetary foreign currency items are carried at cost. Any income or expense on account of exchange difference either on settlement or on restatement is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The Exchange Rate Difference and the forward premium on the loan taken for capital assets are being capitalized along with Interest till the date of commissioning of the said capital assets.
X. Employee Benefits:
a) Short term employee benefits:
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term employee benefits and they are recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related service. The Company recognizes the undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered as a liability (accrued expense) after deducting any amount already paid.
b) Long term employee benefits:
i) Defined contribution plans:
Contributions to defined contribution schemes such as employees state insurance, labour welfare fund, superannuation scheme, employee pension scheme etc. are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made as and when services are rendered by the employees. Company's provident fund contribution is made to a government administered fund and is charges as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The above benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company has no further obligations beyond the monthly contributions.
ii) Defined benefit plans:
The Company operates a defined benefit gratuity plan, which required contributions to be made to a separately administered fund. The cost of providing benefits under the defined benefit plan is determined using the projected unit credit method.
Re-measurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability) are recognized immediately, in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through Other Comprehensive Income in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.
Past service costs are recognized in profit or loss on the earlier of:
- the date of the plan amendment or curtailment or
- the date that the Company recognizes related restructuring costs
Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined liability or asset. The Company recognizes the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of Profit and Loss:
- service costs comprising current service costs, pasts service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements.
- Net Interest expense or income.
c) Termination benefits:
Termination benefits in the nature of voluntary retirement benefits or termination benefits arising from restructuring are recognized in the Statement of Profit or Loss. The Company recognizes termination benefits at the earlier of the following dates:
- when the Company can no longer withdraw the offer of these benefits
- when the company recognizes costs for restructuring that is within the scope of IND AS 37 and involves the payment of termination benefits.
XI. Fair Value Measurement:
The Company measures financial instruments at fair value on each Balance Sheet date. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or settle a liability in an ordinary transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
- in the principal market for the asset or liability or
- in absence of principal market, in the most advantageous market for asset or liability. The principal or the most advantageous market should be accessible to the Company.
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumption that market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability acting in their best economic interest. The Company uses valuation techniques, that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:- Level 1 - Quoted market prices in active market for identical assets or liabilities.
- Level 2 - valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is
directly or indirectly observable.
- Level 3 - valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.
For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as whole) at the end of each reporting period.
External valuers are involved for valuation of significant assets, such as properties, unquoted financial assets etc.
Involvement of independent external valuers is decided upon annually by the Company. Further such valuation is done annually at the end of the financial year and the impact if any on account of such fair valuation is taken in the annual financial statements.
For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.
XII. Leases:
The Company's lease asset classes primarily consist of leases for land and buildings. The Company, at the inception of a contract, assesses whether the contract is a lease or not lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a time in exchange for a consideration.
The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.
The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the Company's incremental borrowing rate. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Company's estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if the Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option. When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.
The Company has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets (assets of less than Rs. 1,00,000 in value). The Company recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense over the lease term.
In the comparative period, leases under which the Company assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. When acquired, such assets are capitalized at fair value or present value of the minimum lease payments at the inception of the lease, whichever is lower. Lease payments and receipts under operating leases are recognised as an expense and income respectively, on a straight line basis in the statement of profit and loss over the lease term except where the lease payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation.
XIII. Financial Instruments:
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
a) Financial Assets:
i) Initial recognition and measurement:
Financial assets are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
On initial recognition, all financial assets are recognized at fair value. In case of financial assets which are recognized at Fair Value through Profit and Loss (FVTPL), its transaction costs are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. In other cases, transaction costs are attributable to the acquisition value of the financial asset are added to the value of financial asset.
Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their recognition, except and if and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.
ii) Subsequent measurement:
Financial assets are subsequently classified and measured at:
- Amortized cost
- Fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)
- Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCL)
Investments in Debt Instruments:
A debt instrument is measured at amortized cost or at FVTPL. Any debt instrument, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL. Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the Statement of profit and loss.
a) Financial Assets measured at amortized cost:
Financial assets are measured at amortized cost when the asset is held within a business model, whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows and contractual terms of the assets are such that they give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest. Such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method (EIR). The EIR is the rate that discounts estimated future cash income through the expected life of financial instrument. The losses from impairment are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
b) Financial Assets measured at fair value through OCI (FVTOCI):
Financial assets under this category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income.
c) Financial Assets measured at fair value through profit and loss:
Financial Assets under this category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value, with all changes recognized in statement of profit and loss.
Investments in Equity Instruments:
All investments in equity instruments classified under financial assets are initially measured at fair value. The Company may, on initial recognition, chooses to measure the same either at FVTOCI or FVTPL, which is done on an instrument-by-instrument basis.
Fair value changes on an equity instrument is recognized as other income in the Statement of Profit and Loss unless the Company has elected to measure irrevocably such instrument at FVTOCI. Fair value changes excluding dividends, on an equity instrument measured at FVTOCI are recognized in OCI. Amounts recognized in OCI are not subsequently reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss even on the sale of investment. Dividend income on the investments in equity instruments are recognized as 'other income' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Investment in Subsidiary, Joint Venture and Associate
Investments in equity instruments of Subsidiaries are measured at costs. Provision for impairment loss on such investment is made only when there is a diminution in the value of investment which is other than temporary.
iii) Derecognition of Financial Assets:
A financial asset is derecognized only when the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired or the Company has transferred the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset.
iv) Impairment of Financial Assets:
Expected credit losses are recognized for all financial assets subsequent to initial recognition other than financials assets in FVTPL category.
Expected credit losses are measured through a loss allowance at an amount equal to:
- The 12-months expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from those default events on the financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date); or
- Full lifetime expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the life of the financial instrument).
For trade receivables Company applies simplified approach which requires lifetime ECL allowances to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables. The Company uses historical default rates to determine impairment loss on the portfolio of trade receivables. At every reporting date these historical default rates are reviewed and changes in the forward looking estimates are analyzed.
For other assets, the Company uses 12 month ECL to provide for impairment loss where there is no significant increase in credit risk. If there is significant increase in credit risk lifetime ECL is used.
The impairment losses and reversals are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss.
b) Financial Liabilities:
i) Initial recognition and measurement:
Financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs, if any.
The Company's financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts, financial guarantee contracts and derivative financial instruments.
ii) Subsequent measurement:
Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or losses are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Loans and borrowings:
After initial recognition, interest bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognized in profit and loss when the liabilities are derecognized.
Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.
iii) Derecognition:
A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expires.
XIV. Derivatives:
The Company enters into various derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to interest and foreign exchange rate risks, like foreign exchange forward contracts and interest rate swaps.
Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value on the date the derivative contracts are entered into and are subsequently re-measured to their fair value (Mark to Market) at the end of each reporting period. The resulting gain or loss is recognized in the Statement of profit and loss. Company does not designate any of its derivative instruments as hedge instruments. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.
XV. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:
Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pretax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as finance cost.
Contingent Assets are not recognized but disclosed in the Financial Statements when economic inflow is probable.
XVI. Segment Information:
The Managing Director (MD) is designated as company's Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM). The MD reviews the company's internal financial information for the purpose of evaluating performance and assigning resources to segments. The Company has determined the operating segment based on structure of reports reviewed by MD. The Company operates in a single primary business segment, i.e. Synthetic Lattices & Rubber.
XVII. Income taxes:
Income tax expense for the year comprises of current tax and deferred tax, recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except to the extent it is relates to a business combination, or items recognized directly in equity or in other Comprehensive Income. Current tax is the expected tax payable/receivable on the taxable income/loss for the year using applicable tax rates at the Balance Sheet date, and any adjustment to taxes in respect of previous years. Interest income/expenses and penalties, if any, related to income tax are included in current tax expense.
Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the corresponding amounts used for taxation purposes. A deferred tax liability is recognized based on the expected manner of realization or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted, or substantively enacted, by the end of the reporting period.
Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.
Deferred tax assets deriving from carry forward of unused tax credits (including MAT) and unused tax losses are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available in future against which the deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses and credits can be utilized. Deferred tax relating to items recognized in other comprehensive income and directly in equity is recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction.
Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities; and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority.
XVIII. Research and Development:
Expenditure on research and development is charged to statement of profit and loss in the year in which it is incurred, with the exception of:
- expenditure incurred in respect of major new products where the outcome of these projects is assessed as being reasonably certain as regards viability and technical feasibility. Such expenditure is capitalized and depreciated over useful life. Capital expenditure in respect of assets used for conducting research activities are capitalized under respective heads of Property Plant and Equipment. These assets are depreciated over their useful life.
XIX. Earnings per Share:
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
XX. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards. There is no such notification which would have been applicable from April 1st, 2024.
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