Accounting policy
Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Historical costs include expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.
In respect of its interests in jointly controlled assets, the Company recognises its share of the jointly controlled assets in its Standalone Financial Statements, classifying the jointly controlled asset as per its nature.
Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value
Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of the assets, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives as follows:
Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of their useful life or the lease term, unless the entity expects to use the assets beyond the lease term.
The Company provides depreciation on property, plant and equipment using the straight line method based on the management estimated useful lives of the assets which are as prescribed under the Part C of Schedule II to the Act in order to reflect the actual usage of the assets, except in case of Solar Power Plant, where useful life is based on technical evaluation done by the Management taking into account the nature of the assets, their estimated period of use and the operating conditions, as useful life of Solar Power Plant is not expressly defined under the Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. The residual values are not more than 5% of the original cost of the assets.
For other accounting policies relevant to Property, plant and equipment Refer Note 47(j)
4 (b) Right-of-use assets
Accounting policy As a lessee
The Company leases various offices (Building), Land, Plant and Machinery and Vehicles. Rental contracts are typically made for fixed periods of 1 to 99 years but may have extension options.
Contracts may contain both lease and non-lease components. The Company allocates the consideration in the contract to the lease and non-lease components based on their relative standalone prices. However, for leases of real estate for which the Company is a lessee, it has elected not to separate lease and non-lease components and instead accounts for these as a single lease component.
Lease terms are negotiated on an individual basis and contain wide range of different terms and conditions. The lease arrangements do not impose any covenants other than the security interests in the leased assets that are held by the lessor.
The lease payments that are not paid at the commencment date are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease. If that rate cannot be readily determined, which is generally the case for leases in the Company, the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate is used, being the rate that the individual lessee would have to pay to borrow the funds necessary to obtain an asset of similar value to the right-of-use asset in a similar economic environment with similar terms, security, and conditions.
To determine the incremental borrowing rate, the Company:
- where possible, uses a build-up approach that starts with a risk-free interest rate adjusted for credit risk for leases held by Company, which does not have recent third-party financing, and
- makes adjustments specific to the lease, e.g., term, country, currency and security.
Right-of-use assets are generally depreciated over the shorter of the asset’s useful life and the lease term on a straight-line basis. If the Company is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use asset is depreciated over the underlying asset’s useful life.
Payments associated with short-term leases of equipment and all leases of low-value assets are recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit or loss. Short-term leases are leases with a lease term of 12 months or less, without a purchase option. Low-value assets comprise IT equipment and small items of office furniture.
For other accounting policies relevant to Leases Refer Note 47(d)
(iii) Variable lease payments
The Company does not have any leases with variable lease payments.
(iv) Extension and termination options
Extension and termination options are included in a number of property and equipment lease across the Company. These are used to maximise operational flexibility in terms of managing the assets used in the Company’s operations.
(v) For debt reconciliation Refer Note 18.
5 Investment properties
Accounting policy
Investment properties consists of land and buildings (residential and commercial), are held for capital appreciation and are not occupied by the Company. They are carried at cost including related transaction costs. Subsequent expenditure is capitalised to the asset’s carrying amount only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
Investment properties are depreciated using straight line method to allocate cost of assets over their estimated useful lives. Investment properties generally have useful life of 30-60 years.
6 Intangible assets Accounting policy
Intangible assets consist of One time license fees (entry fees and migration fees) paid to get the license for Radio stations and Computer Software.
Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Costs associated with maintaining software programmes are recognised as and when expenses are incurred.
(ii) The Company has performed an assessment of it’s intangible asset for possible triggering events or circumstances for an indication of impairment and has concluded that there were no triggering events or circumstances that would indicate that the intangible assets should have been impaired.
Financial Assets
Accounting Policy
(i) Classification of financial Assets at amortised cost
The Company classifies its financial assets at amortised cost only if both of the following criteria are met:
- the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to collect the contractual cash flows, and
- the contractual terms give rise to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest.
Financial assets classified at amortised cost comprise of trade receivables and deposits.
(ii) Classification of financial Assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) comprise:
- Equity securities (listed and unlisted) which are not held for trading, and for which the Company has irrevocably elected at initial recognition to recognise changes in fair value through OCI rather than profit or loss. These are strategic investments and the Company considers this classification to be more relevant.
- Debt securities where the contractual cash flows are solely principal and interest and objective of the Company’s business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets. There are currently no debt securities which are carried at FVOCI.
(iii) Classification of financial Assets at fair value through profit or loss
The Company classifies the following financial assets at Fair Value through Profit or Loss (FVTPL):
- debt investments (mutual funds) that do not qualify for measurement at either amortised cost or FVOCI
- equity investments held for trading, and
- equity investments for which the entity has not elected to recognise fair value gains and losses through OCI.
For remaining relevant accounting policies Refer Note 47(v)
Derivatives
Derivatives are only used for economic hedging purposes and not as speculative investments. However, where derivatives do not meet the hedge accounting criteria, they are classified as "held for trading" for accounting purposes and are accounted for at FVTPL. The Company uses forward currency contracts, to hedge its foreign currency risks. They are presented as current assets or liabilities to the extent they are expected to be settled within 12 months after the end of the reporting period.
Further information about the derivatives used by the Company is provided in Note 47(v)
7 Investments in subsidiary Accounting Policy
Investments in subsidiary are carried at cost and are tested for impairment in accordance with Ind AS 36 Impairment of Assets. Cost comprises price paid to acquire investment and directly attributable cost.
Investment in preference shares are measured at Fair Value through Profit and Loss.
* Final dividend of ? 3 per fully paid Equity Share of face value of ? 10 each for the year ended March 31, 2022 was approved by the Shareholders in the Annual General Meeting dated September 20, 2022. The same has been paid to all eligible shareholders as on the record date September 13, 2022.
** First Interim Dividend of ? 3 per fully paid Equity Share of face value of ? 10 each for the year ended March 31, 2023 was proposed and declared by the Board of Directors in their meeting dated July 28, 2022. The same has been paid to all eligible shareholders as on the record date August 10, 2022 by the Company.
# Second Interim Dividend of ? 3 per fully paid Equity Share of ? 10 each for the year ended March 31, 2023 was proposed and declared by the Board of Directors in their meeting dated May 19, 2023. The same has been paid to all eligible shareholders as on the record date May 31,2023 by the Company.
## During the year, the Board of Directors has proposed and declared interim dividends as follows:
- First interim Dividend of ? 3 per fully paid Equity Share of face value of ? 10 each, in their meeting dated July 20, 2023. The same has been paid to all eligible shareholders as on the record date August 01, 2023 by the Company.
Nature and purpose of reserves:
a) Share application money pending allotment
Share application money pending allotment represents amount received from employees who has exercised employee stock options scheme (ESOS) for which shares are pending allotment as on balance sheet date.
b) Capital Redemption Reserve:
As per the Companies Act, 2013, capital redemption reserve is created when Company purchases its own shares out of free reserves or securities premium. A sum equal to the nominal value of shares so purchased is transferred to capital redemption reserve.
c) Securities Premium Reserve:
Securities premium reserve is used to record the premium on issue of shares. The reserve is utilised in accordance with the provisions of the Act.
d) Stock option outstanding account:
The stock options outstanding account is used to recognise the grant date fair value of options issued to employees under Employee stock option plan.
e) General Reserve:
General reserve is a free reserve and is available for distribution as dividend, issue of bonus shares, buy back of the Company’s securities. It was created by transfer of amounts out of distributable profit.
f) FVOCI - Equity Instruments
The Company has elected to recognise changes in the fair value of certain investments in equity securities in other comprehensive income. These changes are accumulated within the FVOCI equity instruments reserve within equity. The Company transfers amounts from this reserve to retained earnings when the relevant equity securities are derecognised.
g) Retained Earnings
Amount of retained earnings represents accumulated profit and losses of the Company as on reporting date. Such profits and losses are after adjustments of payment of dividend and transfer to any reserves as statutorily required.
22 Taxation
Critical accounting Judgement and key sources of estimation of taxes uncertainities and valuation:
The Company calculates income tax expense based on reported income. Deferred income tax expense is calculated based on the differences between the carrying value of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and their respective tax basis that are considered temporary in nature. Valuation of deferred tax assets dependent on management’s assessment of future recoverability of the deferred tax benefit. Expected recoverability may result from expected taxable income in the future, planned transactions or planned tax optimizing measures. Economic conditions may change and lead to different conclusion regarding recoverability.
The Company is subject to tax assessments and ongoing proceedings, which are pending before various Tax Appellate Authorities. Management periodically evaluates the positions taken in tax returns with respect to above matters, including unresolved tax disputes, which involves interpretation of applicable tax regulations and judicial precedents. Current tax liability and tax asset balances are presented, after recognising as appropriate, provision for taxes payable and contingent basis management’s assessment of outcome of such ongoing proceedings and amounts that may become payable to the tax authorities. Considering the nature such estimates and uncertainties involved, the amount of such provisions may change upon final resolution of the matters with tax authorities.
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