2. Significant Accounting Policies:
2.1 Basis of Preparation and Statement of compliance
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Ind AS's notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended by the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendment) Rules, 2016.
The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention, on the accounting principles of a going concern. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non¬ current in accordance with the operating cycle criteria set out in Ind AS 1 and Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013.
Accounting Policies not specifically referred to otherwise are consistent and in consonance with the applicable accounting standards specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules,2014.
All expenses and incomes to the extent ascertainable with reasonable certainty are accounted for on accrual basis. All taxes, duties and cess etc. paid on purchases have been charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss except such taxes, duties and cess, which are subsequently recoverable with reasonable certainty from the taxing authorities.
The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with the recognition and measurement principles of Ind AS requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses for that year. Actual result could differ from these estimates. Any revision to such estimate is recognised in the period in which same is determined.
The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees ('INR'), which is also functional currency and all values are rounded to the nearest Lakh, except otherwise indicated.
2.2 Significant Accounting Policies:
(a) Current and Non-Current Classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the Balance Sheet based on Current/ Non-Current classification.
An asset is treated as Current when it is -
- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle;
- Held primarily for the purpose of trading;
- Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or
- Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current
A liability is current when:
- It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle;
- It is held primarily for the purpose of trading;
- It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
(b) Property, Plant and Equipment:
Property, Plant and Equipment are stated at cost, net of recoverable taxes, trade discount and rebates less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Such cost includes purchase price, borrowing cost and any cost directly attributable to bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use, net charges on foreign exchange contracts and adjustments arising from exchange rate variations attributable to the assets. In case of land the Company has availed fair value as deemed cost on the date of transition to Ind AS.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the enfity and the cost can be measured reliably.
Property, Plant and Equipment which are significant to the total cost of that item of Property, Plant and Equipment and having different useful life are accounted separately. Other Indirect Expenses incurred relating to project, net of income earned during the project development stage prior to its intended use, are considered as pre-operative expenses and disclosed under Capital Work-in-Progress. Depreciation on Property, Plant and Equipment is provided using written down value method on depreciable amount except in case of certain assets of Oil to Chemicals and Other segment which are depreciated using straight line method.
Depreciation is provided based on useful life of the assets as prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.
The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of Property, Plant and Equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.
Gains or losses arising from derecognition of a Property, Plant and Equipment are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.
(c) Leases
The Company, as a lessee, recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for its leasing arrangements, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset.
The contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, if it involves the use of an identified asset and the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset and has right to direct the use of the identified asset. The cost of the right-of use asset shall comprise of the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date plus any initial direct costs incurred. The right-of-use assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation/ amortisation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right of- use assets is depreciated/ amortised using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset.
(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise of cash on hand, cash at banks, short-term deposits and short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
(e) Inventories
Items of inventories are measured at lower of cost and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence, if any, except in case of by-products which are valued at net realizable value. Cost of inventories comprises of cost of purchase, cost of conversion and other costs including manufacturing overheads net of recoverable taxes incurred in bringing them to their respective present location and condition.
Cost of finished goods, work-in-progress, raw materials, chemicals, stores and spares, packing materials, trading and other products are determined on weighted average basis.
(f) Impairment of Non-Financial Assets - Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible Assets
The Company assesses at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that any Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible Assets may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to determine the extent of impairment, if any.
An impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss to the extent, asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is higher of an asset's fair value less cost of disposal and value in use. Value in use is based on the estimated future cash flows, discounted to their present value using pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and risk specific to the assets. The impairment loss recognised in prior accounting period is reversed if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
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