1 Significant accounting policies
1.1 Basis of preparation of financial statements
These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis. The Company has prepared these financial statements to comply in all material respects with the accounting standards notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘Act’) read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, the provisions of the Act (to the extent notified) and guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). The Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.
Current versus non-current classification:
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company’s normal operating cycle (twelve months) and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Act.
1.2 Use of estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the period.
Although these estimates are based on the management’s best knowledge of the current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumption and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset & liabilities in the future period.
1.3 Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognized:
Sale of goods
Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of the goods. The company collects sales taxes and value added taxes (VAT) (01.04.2017 to 30.06.2017) and GST (01.07.17 to 31.03.2018) on behalf of the government and, therefore, these are not economic benefits flowing to the company. Hence, they are excluded from revenue. Excise duty deducted from revenue (gross) is the amount that is included in the revenue (gross) and not the entire amount of liability arising during the year.
Other Income:
Other income is recognised when no significant uncertainty as to its determination or realisation exists.
1.4 Valuation of Inventories:
RAW MATERIALS AND PACKING MATERIALS:
Raw materials are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other items held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost of raw materials is determined on First-in-First-out basis.
FINISHED GOODS & WORK IN PROGRESS:
Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes direct materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity.
Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. 1.5 Investment:
Investment which are readily realizable & intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investment is made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long term investments.
On initial recognition, all investments are measured at cost. The cost comprises purchase price and directly attributable acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees & duties.
Current investments are carried in the financial statements at lower of cost or fair market value determined on an individual investment basis. Long term investments are carried at cost. Provision of diminution in the value of Long term investments is made only if such decline is other than temporary in nature as per Accounting Standard-13” Accounting for Investments” in the opinion of the Management.
On disposal of an investment, the difference between its carrying cost and net disposal proceeds is charged or credited to the statement of profit and loss.
1.6 Provisions and contingent liabilities
A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal obligation that is reasonably estimable and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are determined by the best estimate of the outflow of economic benefits required to settle the obligation at the reporting date. Where no reliable estimate can be made, a disclosure is made as contingent liability. A disclosure for a contingent liability is also made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
1.7 Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and Equipment are stated at cost of acquisition and installation, net of CENVAT, Vat, and GST less accumulated Depreciation. Borrowing costs incurred during the period of construction/Acquisitions of assets are added to the cost of Property, Plant and Equipment. Major expenses on modification/alterations increasing efficiency/capacity of the plant are also capitalized. Subsequent expenditure related to an item of property, Plant and Equipment is added to its book value only if it increases the future Benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. All other expenses on existing property, plant and Equipment including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred.
Gains or losses arising from de-recognition of fixed assets are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognized.
1.8 Borrowing Cost:
Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowing to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur.
1.9 Government grants and subsidies:
Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that (i) the company will comply with the conditions attached to them, and (ii) the grant/subsidy will be received.
When the grant or subsidy relates to revenue, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis in the statement of profit and loss over the periods necessary to match them with the related costs, which they are intended to compensate. Such grants are deducted in reporting the related expense. Where the grant relates to an asset, it is recognized as deferred income and released to income in equal amounts over the expected useful life of the related asset.
Where the company receives non-monetary grants, the asset is accounted for on the basis of its acquisition cost. In case a non-monetary asset is given free of cost, it is recognized at a nominal value.
Government grants of the nature of promoters’ contribution are credited to capital reserve and treated as a part of the shareholders’ funds.
1.10 Foreign currency translation:
Foreign currency transactions and balances Initial recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.
Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are retranslated using the exchange rate prevailing at the reporting date. Nonmonetary items, which are measured in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency, are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary items, which are measured at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency, are translated using the exchange rate at the date when such value was determined.
Exchange differences
Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are normally recorded at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of the transaction.
Monetary items denominated in foreign currency at the yearend are translated at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date.
Premium or discount arising at the inception of the forward exchange contract is amortized as income or expense over the period of the contract. Any profit or loss arising in renewal or cancellation of forward exchange contracts are recognized as income or expenses during the year.
Any income or expense on account of exchange difference either on settlement or on translation is recognized in the profit and loss account.
Losses in respect of all outstanding derivative contracts at the balance sheet date is provided by marking them to market.
1.11 Intangible assets
Intangible assets initially recognized at cost and are subsequently carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. These costs are amortised to profit or loss using the straight line method over their estimated useful lives.
The Company has adopted Policy of reviewing the intangible in the year of recognition for possible returns. In case of the returns are not sustainable the intangible assets could be written off with in a period of 2-3 years. And if sustainable the same would be written off as provided under the applicable standard. Since the Company is required to adopt Ind-As compulsory with effect from 01st April 2018 and it has specifically defined in these forthcoming standards that any such Intangible Assets needs to be reviewed at each balance sheet date for any impairment (if any) whereas existing accounting standards require to amortize such intangibles compulsory within maximum of 5/10 years. Further the management foresee that there would not be any impairment requirement comparing to its carrying value as on 31 march 2018 (even in near future as well) and hence no amortization of intangible asset has been made in the period under report.
Such policy adoption has an effect of overstatement of profit of Financial Year 2017-18
1.12 Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation is provided based on useful life of the property, Plant and Equipment as prescribed in schedule II to the companies Act, 2013 on Written Down Value (WDV) method.
1.13 Impairment
The Management periodically assesses using, external and internal sources, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is higher of the asset’s net selling price or value in use, which means the present value of future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of the asset and its eventual disposal. An impairment loss for an asset is reversed if, and only if, the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. The carrying amount of an asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.
1.14 Retirement benefits to employees
Retirement/ Post retirement Benefits: The Company has not made any provision for gratuity and leave encashment as prescribed by the Accounting Standard (AS) - 15(Revised) on Employee Benefits as in the opinion of the Management there are no employees who are eligible for retirement benefits.
1.15 Income taxes
Current tax is determined as the amount of tax payable in respect of taxable income for the year.
Differed tax is recognized on difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward losses, differed tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty of realization in future. Such assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date to reassess realization.
MAT credit is recognized as an asset only when there is convincing evidence that the company will pay normal income tax within specified period. The assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
1.16 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. The number of shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted retrospectively for all periods presented for any share splits and bonus shares issues including for changes effected prior to the approval of the financial statements by the Board of Directors.
1.17 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash and cash at banks. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a remaining maturity at the date of purchase of three months or less and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash to be cash equivalents.
1.18 Cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.
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