a) Basis of Accounting
The financial statements are prepared as a going concern under the
historical cost convention on an accrual basis of accounting and in
accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in
India. These financial statements have been prepared to comply in all
material aspects with Accounting Standard notified under Rule 7 of the
Companies (Accounts) Rule 2014 in respect of section 133 of the
Companies Act 2013 and other recognized accounting practices and
policies.
b) Use of Estimates
The preparation and presentation of financial statements requires
estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of
assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the
reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reported period.
Difference between the actual results and the estimates are recognized
in the period in which the results are known/ materialized.
c) Revenue recognition
The Company follows mercantile system of the accounting and recognises
income and expenditure on accrual basis except those with significant
uncertainties.
Sales revenue is recognised on transfer of the significant risks and
rewards of ownership of the goods to the buyer and stated net of sales
tax, VAT, trade discounts.
Interest income is recognised on time proportion basis.
Income from services is recognised as they are rendered (based on
arrangement / agreement with the concern customers).
Dividend income on investments is accounted for as and when the right
to receive the payment is established.
The Export incentives are accounted for on accrual basis taking into
account certainty of realisation or its subsequent utilisation.
d) Fixed Assets i. Fixed Assets
Fixed assets (Tangible ) are stated at cost of acquisition or
construction or development, net of tax /duty credit availed if any,
including any cost attributable for bringing the assets to its working
condition for its intended use, less depreciation, amortization and
impairments, if any.
ii. Capital Expenditure
Assets under erection/installation are shown as "Capital work in
progress", Expenditure during construction period are shown as
"pre-operative expenses" to be capitalized on erection/installations of
the assets.
e) Depreciation
Depreciation on fixed assets is provided in the manner specified in
Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.Depreciation of an assets in the
difference between original cost/ revalued amount and the estimated
residual value and is charged to the statement of profit and loss over
the useful life of an asset on straight line basis. The estimated
useful life of assets and estimated residual value is taken as
prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.
Depreciation on addition during the year is provided on pro rata basis
with reference to date of addition / installation . Depreciation on
assets disposed / discarded is charged up to the date on which such
assets is sold.
f) Borrowing cost
Borrowing cost attributable to the acquisition or construction of
qualifying assets are added to / capitalized as part of the cost of
such asset up to the date when such assets is ready for its intended
use. Other borrowing costs are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss
as expense in the year in which they are incurred.
g) Valuation of inventories
Inventories are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value on FIFO
basis. Cost of inventory generally comprises of cost of purchases and
other cost incurred in bringing the inventories to their present
location and condition.
h) Investments
Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for
not more than one year, are classified as current investments.
All other investments are classified as non current investments.
Current Investments are carried at lower of cost or market/fair value.
Non current investments are carried at cost of acquisition. However, no
provision is made for diminution in the value of investments, where, in
the opinion of the Board of Directors such diminution is temporary.
i) Employee Benefits
(a) Post-employment benefit plans
i. Defined Contribution Plan - Contributions to Provident Fund and
Family Pension fund are accrued in accordance with applicable statute
and deposited with appropriate authorities.
ii. Defined Benefit Plan
a. The liability in respect of leave encashment is determined using
actuarial valuation carried out as at Balance Sheet date. Actuarial
gains and losses are recognized in full in Statement of Profit and Loss
for the year in which they occur.
b. The Company has opted for scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of
India to cover its liabilities towards employees gratuity. The annual
premium paid to Life Insurance Corporation of India is charged to
Profit and Loss Account. The Company also carries out actuarial
valuation of gratuity using Projected Unit Credit Method as required by
Accounting Standard 15 "Employee Benefits" (Revised 2005) and
difference between fair value of plan assets and liability as per
actuarial valuation as at year end is recognized in Statement of Profit
and Loss.
(b) Short term employee benefits
The undiscounted amount of short term employee benefits expected to be
paid in exchange for services rendered by employees is recognized
during the period when the employees render the services. These
benefits include compensated absence also.
j) Foreign currency transaction
i. All transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the rates of
the exchange prevailing on the dates when the relevant transactions
took place; any gain/ loss on account of the fluctuations in the rate
of exchange is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
ii. Monetary items in the form of loans, current assets and current
liabilities in foreign currencies at the close of the year are
converted in the Indian currency at the appropriate rate of exchange
prevailing on the dates of the Balance Sheet. Resultant gain or loss on
account of fluctuation in the rate of exchange is recognized in the
Statement of Profit and Loss.
iii. In respect of the Forward Exchange Contracts entered into to
hedge foreign currency risks, the difference between the Forward Rate
and Exchange Rate at the inception of the contract is recognized as
income or expense over the life of the contract. Further, the exchange
difference arising on such contracts are recognized as income or
expense along with the exchange difference on the underlying assets/
liabilities.
k) Lease Accounting
As a Lessee
Leases, where risk and reward of ownership, are significantly retained
by the lessor are classified as operating leases and lease rentals
thereon are charged to the statement of profit and loss over the period
of lease.
l) Provision, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Asset
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement
are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past
events and it is possible that there will be an outflow of resources.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the
financial statements. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor
disclosed in the financial statements.
m) Taxes on Income
Provision for Current Tax is the amount of tax payable on taxable
income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of
the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred tax is recognised on the timing difference, being the
difference between taxable income and the accounting income for the
year and quantified using the tax rates and laws enacted or
substantively enacted as on the balance sheet date.
Deferred tax assets are recognised and carried forward to the extent
that there is a virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income
will be available against which such deferred tax asset can be
realized.
n) Impairment of Assets
The carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date,
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/ external
factors.
An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying cost of asset exceeds
its recoverable value. An impairment loss is charged to the statement
of profit and loss in the year in which an asset is identified as
impaired. An impairment loss recognized in prior accounting period is
reversed if there has been an indication that impairment loss
recognised for an asset no longer exists or may have decreased.
o) Cash Flow Statement
Cash Flows are reported using indirect method, whereby Profit (loss)
before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effect of
transactions of non cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of the
past or future cash receipts or payments. The Cash Flow from Operating,
Investing and Financial activities of the Company is segregated based
on the available information.
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