4) Summary of material accounting policies
This note provides a list of the Material accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
a) Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the financial statements of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which these entities operate (i.e. the “functional currency”). The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupee, the national currency of India, which is the functional currency of the Company.
b) Foreign currency transactions and balances
i) Initial Recognition
oreign currency transactions are recorded at the rates prevailing date of transactions.
ii) Exchange Differences
Exchange differences arising on settlement of transaction and translation of monetary items are recognized as income or expense.
iii) Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the exchange rate prevailing at the reporting date. Nonmonetary items, which are measured in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency, are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.
iv) Translational
Any exchange gain/loss consequent to translating financial statements from functional currency to presentation currency the resultant exchange difference is recognized in OCI and part of foreign currency translation reserve until eventual disposal of investment.
c) Investments
Long term and unquoted current investments are stated at cost and quoted current investments at lower of cost or market value. Provision for diminution in value of long-term investments is made only if such a decline is other than temporary in the opinion of the management.
d) Financial instruments
Company does not has any financial instruments
e) Inventories
Inventories are valued at lower of the cost or net realizable value whichever is lower on weighted average basis.
f) Property, plant and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises the purchase price and directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.
Capital work-in-progress includes cost of Property, Plant and Equipment that are not ready to be put to use.
Subsequent expenditure related to an item of Property, Plant and Equipment is added to its book value only if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company. All other expenses on existing Property, Plant and Equipment, including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the year during which such expenses are incurred.
Gains or losses arising from disposal of Property, Plant and Equipment are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
g) Intangible Assets
The Intangible assets are recognized when it is probable that the future economic benefit that are attributable to the assets will flow to the enterprise and the cost of the assets can be measured reliably.
Software licenses of enduring nature and contractual rights acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization.
Gains or losses arising from disposal of intangible assets are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
Goodwill is subject to impairment testing on an annual basis. However, if indicators of impairment are present, the company will review goodwill for impairment when such indicators arise. The company performs an annual review and no impairment was recorded. Key assumptions used by management to determine the fair value of the goodwill include industry earnings multiples and earnings multiples from previous company acquisitions
h) Depreciation
Depreciation on fixed assets [Tangible and Intangible assets] is provided on Straight line method on pro -rata basis at the rates prescribed in schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 2013 as amended from time to time.
i) Impairment of Assets:
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors.
Preliminary expenditure: To write off preliminary expenses in ten equal yearly installments.
j) Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessary takes substantial period of time to get ready for intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged in statement of profit and loss.
k) Leases
Company evaluates if an arrangement qualifies to be a lease as per the requirements of Ind AS 116. Identification of a lease requires significant judgment. Company uses significant judgement in assessing the lease term and the applicable discount rate.
Company determines the lease term as the non-cancellable period of a lease, together with both periods covered by an option to extend the lease if the company is reasonably certain to exercise that option; and periods covered by an option to terminate the lease if the Company is reasonably certain not to exercise that option. In assessing whether the Company is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend a lease, or not to exercise an option to terminate a lease, it considers all relevant facts and circumstances that create an economic incentive for the company to exercise the option to extend the lease, or not to exercise the option to terminate the lease. Company revises the lease term if there is a change in the non-cancellable period of a lease.
The discount rate is generally based on the incremental borrowing rate specific to the lease being evaluated or for a portfolio of leases with similar characteristics.
l) Revenue Recognition
i) Revenue from time and material engagements is recognized on time proportion basis as and when the services are rendered in accordance with the terms of the contracts with customers.
ii) Revenue from fixed-price contracts, where the performance obligations are satisfied over time and where there is no uncertainty as to measurement or collectability of consideration, is recognized as per the percentage-of-completion method.
iii) Revenue from maintenance contracts and subscription is recognized on a pro-rata basis over the period of the contract.
iv) Unbilled revenue represents revenue recognized in relation to work done on time and material projects and fixed price projects until the balance sheet date for which billing has not taken place.
v) Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the carrying amount and the effective interest rate. Interest income is included under the head 'Other income' in the statement of profit and loss.
m) Employee Benefits
The Company has the following employee benefit plans:
i) Provident fund
Provident fund is a defined contribution plan covering eligible employees. The Company and the eligible employees make a monthly contribution to the provident fund maintained by the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner equal to the specified percentage of the basic salary. The contributions to the provident fund are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the year when the contributions are due. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the provident fund.
ii) Gratuity
The Company has a scheme for payment of gratuity to all its employees as per provisions of the Payment of Gratuity Act 1972. The Company provides for period end liability using the projected unit credit method as per the actuarial valuation carried out by the independent actuary. The cost of providing benefit under gratuity plan are charged to the statement of profit and loss, except for the remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses which are recognized in full in the statement of other comprehensive income in the reporting period in which they occur.
iii) Leave encashment.
Leave encashment claims are settled on year-to-year basis.
n) Share based payments
In accordance with Ind AS 102 -“Share Based Payments”, Employees of the Company receive remuneration in the form of equity settled instruments, for rendering services over a defined vesting period. Equity instruments granted are measured by reference to the fair value of the instrument at the date of grant.
The expense is recognized in the statement of profit and loss with a corresponding increase to the share-based payment reserve, a component of equity.
The equity instruments generally vest in a graded manner over the vesting period. The fair value determined at the grant date is expensed over the vesting period of the respective tranches of such grants (accelerated amortization). The stock compensation expense is determined based on the Company's estimate of equity instruments that will eventually vest.
o) Income Tax
Income tax comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax expense is recognized in the statement of profit and loss except to the extent it relates to items directly recognized in equity or in other comprehensive income
i) Current Income tax
Current income tax for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities based on the taxable income for the period. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the current tax amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date and applicable for the period. The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis or to realize the asset and liability simultaneously.
ii) Deferred Income Tax
Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of temporary differences between tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts. Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred income tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.
The carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilized.
Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in a year is charged to the statement of profit and loss as current tax. MAT credit available is recognized as an asset only to the extent that there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the period, i.e., the period for which MAT credit is allowed to be carried forward. In the year in which the Company recognizes MAT credit as an asset in accordance with the Guidance Note on Accounting for Credit Available in respect of Minimum Alternative Tax under the Income-tax Act, 1961, the said asset is created by way of credit to the statement of profit and loss and shown as “MAT Credit Entitlement.” The Company reviews the “MAT credit entitlement” asset at each reporting date and writes down the asset to the extent the Company does not have convincing evidence that it will pay normal tax during the specified period.
p) Segment reporting
In accordance with para 4 of Notified Indian Accounting Standard 108 (Ind AS-108) “Operating Segments” the Company has disclosed segment information only in consolidated financial statements which are presented together with the standalone financial statements.
q) Earnings Per Share
The Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) data for its equity shares. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit and loss attributable to equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the profit and loss attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for bonus shares, as appropriate.
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