Note: 1 OVERVIEW AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES COM PAN YOVERVIEW:
Kothari Products Limited ('the Company') is a public limited Company domiciled in India and incorporated on September 1 7, 1 983 underthe provisions ofthe Companies Act, 1 956 having its registered office at 24/1 9 Pan Parag House,The Mall, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. The Company is listed on BSE Limited and National Stock Exchange of India Limited.
The Company is engaged in the business of Real Estate and Internationa I Trade.
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE
This note provides a list ofthe significant accounting policies adopted inthe preparation of these Indian Accounting Standards (Ind-AS) financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years except where newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted.
Accordingly, the Company has prepared these Standalone Financial Statements which comprise the Balance Sheet as at 31 March, 2023, the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year ended 31 March 2023, the Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended 31 March 2023 and the Statement of Changes in Equity for the year ended as on that date, and accounting policies and other explanatory information (tog ether hereinafter referred to as 'Standalone Financial Statements' or'financia I statements').
AUTHORISATION OF STANDALONE FINANCIALSTATEMENTS:
These standalone financia I statements are approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 23 May 2023.
1. BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIALSTATEMENTS:A. Statementof Compliance
1. The Financial statements ofthe Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified underthe section 1 33 ofthe Companies Act 201 3 (the Act) read with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rule 201 5 (as a mended from time to time) and other relevant provisions ofthe Act.
2. Historical Cost Convention
The Financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, exceptforthefollowing assets and liabilities:
i) Certain Financial assets and liabilities that is measured at fair value
ii) Defined benefit plans-plan assets measured at fair value
B. Current vs. Non-Current classification:
The Company presents assets and liabilities inthe balance sheet based on current/non-current classification.
(a) An asset istreatedascurrentwhen itis:
- Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle
- Held primarilyforpurposeoftrading
- Expected to be realized within twelve months afterthe reporting period.
- th e cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months afterthe reporting period.
All otherassetsareclassified as non-current.
(b) A liability is current when:
- Itis expected to be settled in normal operating cycle
- It is held primarilyforpurposeoftrading
- It is due to be settled within twelve months afterthe reporting period, or
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other liabilities areclassfied as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are classified as non- current on net basis.
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents.The Company has identified twelve months as its general operating cycle.
The Standalone Financial Statements have been presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is the Company's functional currency. All financia I information presented in INR has been rounded off to the nearest Lac unless otherwise stated.
C. Use Of Estimates:
The preparation of Financial statements in conformity with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) in India requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of Financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Differences between actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known or materialise.
This note provides an overview of the areas where there is a higher degree of judgment or complexity. Detailed information about each of these estimates and judgments is included in relevant notes together with information about the basis of calculation.
The areas involving critical estimates orjudgments include:
FairValue of unlisted equity securities Defined Benefit Obligation Measurement of contingent liabilities Current tax expense and current tax payable Deferred tax assets for carried forward tax losses
2. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT(PPE)
(i) Property, plant and equipment a re stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
(ii) The initial cost of an asset comprises its purchase price (including import duties and non-refundable taxes, if any), any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset into the location and condition necessaryforitto be capable of operating in the manner intended by the management, borrowing cost for qualifying assets (i.e. assets that necessarily take a substantial period oftimeto get ready for their intended use).
(iii) Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.
(iv) An item of Property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised separately as part of Property, plant and equipment is de-recognised upon disposal; or when no future economic benfHts are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on de-recognition of the assets is included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(v) The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each Financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.
(vi) Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided on straight-line method using the useful lives of the assets estimated by the management and in the manner prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act 201 3. The asset wise details of useful lives considered for purposes of calculating depreciation are as under:
Office Building
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-30 years
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Vehicles
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-8 years
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Furniture
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-10 years
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Computers
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-6 years
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Office equipment
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-5 years
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ComputerSoftwa re
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-2 years
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(vii) An asset's carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset's carrying amount is greaterthan its estimated recoverable amount.
3. INTANGIBLEASSETS
Intangible assets with finite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Amortization is recognized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life and amortization method are reviewed atthe end of each reporting year, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses.
4. IMPAIRMENT
At the end of each reporting year, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in orderto determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any).
Recoverable a mount is the higher offai rvalue less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cashflows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money andthe risksspecifictothe assetfor whichthe estimates offuture cashflows have not been adjusted.
Goodwill and intangible assets that do not have definite useful life are not amortised and are tested at least annually for impairment. If events or changes in circumstances indicate that they might be impaired, they are tested for impairment once again.
5. INVESTMENT PROPERTY
Investment Property is property (land or a building - or part of a building - or both) held either to earn rental income or for capital appreciation or both, but not for sale in the ordinary course of business, used in production or supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes. Investment Properties are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Any gain or loss on disposal of investment property calculated as the difference between the net proceeds from disposal and carrying amountofthe Investment Property shall be recognized inStatement of Profitand Loss,
Depreciation on Investment Property is provided on straight-line method using the useful lives of the assets estimated by management and in the manner prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act 201 3. The useful life considered in respect of Building is 60 years and amortization of long term leasehold property classified as Investment Property is based on the balance leaseterm.
6. LEASEACCOUNTING:LEASE CONTRACTS WHERETHECOMPANYIS ALESSEE
(i) All the lease agreements of the Company, where the Company is a Lessee a re in the nature of shortterm leases or are low value leases and are in respect of premises used as staff residences, business premises or Godowns.
(ii) The company has therefore elected to avail the exemption from paras 22-49 of Ind-AS 11 6 and accounted forthe lease payments as per para 6 of the said Ind-AS. Accordingly the entire lease payments associated with these leases have been recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the leaseterm or another systematic basis.
LEASE CONTRACTS WHERETHECOMPANYIS ALESSOR
(i) All lease agreements where the Company is a Lessor a re in the nature of'operating leases'.
(ii) All the lease income from operating leases are recognized in the statement of Profit and loss account on a systematic basis.
(iii) The costs, including depreciation, incurred in earning the lease income have been recognized as expenses underthe respective expense heads in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
7. INVENTORIES:Stock in Trade- Traded Goods
Stock in Trade consists of goods traded by the company.
(i) Basis of Valuation: Inventories are stated at lower of cost and net realizable value. The comparison of cost and net realizable value is made on an item-to-item basis.
(ii) Method ofValuation-Cost of inventories comprises of expenditure incurred in the normal course of business in bringing inventories to their present location including appropriate overheads apportioned on a reasonable and consistent basis.
Stock in Trade- Real Estate
It comprises cost of land, rates & taxes, overheads and expenses incidental to the land development, if any undertaken by the Company.
8. INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES AND ASSOCIATES:
A Subsidiary is an entity that is controlled by another entity. An investor controls an investee if and only if the investor has the following; (i) Power over the investee, (ii) exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and (iii) the ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amount of the investor's returns.
An Associate is an entity over which the Company has significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee, but is not control or joint control over those policies.
The Company's investments in its Subsidiaries and Associate are accounted at cost.
9. TRANSACTIONS IN FOREIGN CURRENCY: a) Functional and presentation currency
The Company's financial statements are prepared in I NR, which is a Iso the Company's functional and presentation currency.
b) Transactions and balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at yea rend exchange rates are generally recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
In case of advance payment for purchase of assets/goods/services and advance receipt against sales of products/ services, all such purchase/sales transaction are recorded at the rate at which such ad vances a re paid/received.
Foreign exchange differences regarded as an adjustment to borrowing costs are presented in the Statement of Profit and Loss, within finance costs. All otherforeign exchange gains and losses are presented inthe Statement of Profit and Loss on a net basis within other gains/(losses).
Non-monetary items:
Nonmonetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates atthe dates of the initial transactions,
10. REVENUE RECOGNITION:
The Company derives revenues primarily from sale of products and services. Revenue from sale of goods is recognised net of returns and discou nts.
Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised products orservicesto customers in an amountthat reflectsthe consideration the Company expect to receive in exchange for those products or services.
To recognise revenues, the Company applies the following five step approach:
1) Identifythe contract with a customer;
2) Identifythe performance obligations inthe contract;
3) Determinethetransaction price;
4) Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations inthe contract; and
5) Recognize revenues when a performance obligation is satisfied.
Based on above principle
• Revenue from sale of goods is recognised on transfer of all significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer. The amount recognised as sale is exclusive of GST and are net of returns.
• Dividendz income is recognised when the right to receive payment is established.
• Interest Income is recognized on time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the applicable interest rates and is disclosed in "otherincome".
• Rental income arising from operating leases on investment properties is accounted for on a straight-line basis overthe lease terms and is included in other operating income in the statement of profit or loss due to its ope rating nature.
11. EMPLOYEERETIREMENTBENEFITS:
Short term employee benefits
All employee benefits payable/available within twelve months of rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits. Benefits such as salaries, wages and bonus, etc., are recognized in the Statement of profit and Loss inthe period in whichthe employee rendersthe related service.
Provident fund
Eligible employees receive benefits from a provident fund, which is a defined contribution plan. Both the employees and the Company make monthly contributions to the provident fund plan equal to a specified percentage of the covered employees'sa la ry.The Company contributes a part of the contributions to the Government administered Provident/Pension Fund. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the provident fund. The Company recognizes contribution payable through the provident fund scheme as an expense, when an employee renders related services.
Other long term employee benefits
The company has subscribed to a Group Gratuity Accumulation Policy from the Life Insurance Corporation of India, which is a defined benefit plan. The liabilities with respect to Gratuity Plan are determined by actuarial valuation by LIC. The annual premium, as determined, based on such valuation, is paid and charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss Account.The fund value of the accumulated contribution by the Company, which represents the 'Plan Assets' is Rs.96.46 Lacs which the adequately coversthe estimated Gratuity Liability
The valuation method used by the LIC is Projected Unit credit method. Other acturial assumptions for the policy are as under:-
1. Mortality Rate: LIC(2006 08) Ultimate
2. Withdrawal Rate: 1 %to 3% depending on age
3. Discount Rate: 7% p.a.
4. Salary Escalation: 8%
12. FINANCIALINSTRUMENTS:
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when a Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.
Initial Recognition and Measurement- Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (otherthan financial assets and financial liabilities atfairvalue through profit or loss and ancillary costs related to borrowings) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities atfairvalue through profit or loss are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Classification and Subsequent Measurement: Financial Assets
The Company classifies financial assets as subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through Other Comprehensive Income ("FVTOCI") or fair value through profit or loss ("FVTPL") on the basis of following:
- the entity's business modelfor managing thefinancial assets and
- the contractual cashflow characteristics ofthefinancial asset.
Amortised Cost
Afinancial asset is classified and measured at amortised cost if both of the following conditions are met:
- the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cashflows; and
- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
FVTOCI
Afinancial asset is classified and measured at FVTOCI if both of the foil owing conditions are met:
- thefinancial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and
- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
FVTPL
A financial asset is classified and measured at FVTPL unless it is measured at amortised cost or at FVTOCI, All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value, depending on the classification ofthefinancial assets.
Impairment of financial assets
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.
For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 1 09 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime lossesto be recognised from initial recognition ofthe receivables.
Classification and Subsequent measurement:
Financial Liabilities The Company's financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts.financia I guarantee contracts and derivative financial instruments.
Financial Liabilities at FVTPL
Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or are designated upon initial recognition as FVTPL.
Gains or losses on financial liabilities held for trading are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Other Financial Liabilities
Other financial liabilities (including borrowings and trade and other payables) are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amountoninitial recognition.
Derecognition of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
The Company de-recognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset. If the Company enters into transactions whereby ittransfers assets recognised on its balance sheet, but retains eitherall orsubstantially all ofthe risks and rewards of the transferred assets, the transferred assets are not derecognised.
Afinancia I liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires.
Offsetting financial instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offsetthe recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy ofthe Company orthe counter party.
13. TAXES ON INCOME:
Current Tax
Tax on income for the current period is determined on the basis of estimated taxable income and tax credits computed in accordance with the provisions ofthe relevant tax laws and based on the expected outcome of assessments/appeals.
Current income tax relating to items recognised directly in equity is recognised in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations aresubjectto interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is provided using the Balance Sheet approach on temporary differences at the reporting date between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carryforward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extentthat it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extentthat it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised orthe liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside the Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside the Statement of Profit Corporate overview statutory reports Financial Statements and Loss. Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in Other Comprehensive Income or directly in equity.
The break-up ofthe major components ofthe deferred tax assets and liabilities as at Balance Sheet date has been arrived at after setting off deferred tax assets and liabilities where the Company have a legally enforceable right to set-off assets against liabilities and where such assets and liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.
MAT Credits are in the form of unused tax credits that are carried forward by the Company for a specified period of time, hence it is grouped with DeferredTax Asset.
14. PROVISIONS&CONTINGENTLIABILITIESANDCONTINGENTASSETS:
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognisedforfuture operating losses, if any.
Provisions are measured at the present value of management's best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a current pretax rate. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the case of:
- a present obligation arising from the past events, when it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settlethe obligation;
- a present obligation a rising from the past events, when no reliable estimate is possible;
- a possible obligation a rising from past events, unless the probability of outflow of resources is remote.
Contingent Assets is disclosed when inflow of economic benefits is probable.
15. EARNING PER SHARE:
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends, if any, and attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding duringthe period.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders is adjusted for after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
16. DIVIDEND:
Dividend is recognised as liability in the period in which it is declared by the Company, usually when approved by the shareholders in a general meeting, or paid.
The Company recognizes a liability to make payment of dividend to owners of equity when the distribution is authorized and is no longer at the discretion of the Company and is declared by the shareholders. A corresponding amount is recognised directly in equity.
The annual dividend proposed, if any, by the Directors forms part of the Directors' Report
17. BORROWING COSTS:
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds. Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustmenttothe borrowing costs.
18. CASHANDCASHEQUIVALENTS
Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short- term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of statement of cashflow, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash, short-term deposits as defined above, bank overdrafts and short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value as they are considered as an integral part of the Company's management.
19. SHARE CAPITAL
Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of new ordinary shares and share options and buyback of ordi nary shares a re recognized as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects.
20. GOVERNMENTGRANTS, SUBSIDIES AND EXPORTINCENTIVES:
Government Grants are recognised at their realizable value when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all the attached conditions will be complied with.
When the grant relates to an expense item, it is recognised as income on a systematic basis overthe periods thatthe related costs, for which it is intended to compensate, are expensed. When the grant relates to an asset, it is recognised as income in equal amounts overthe expected useful life ofthe related asset.
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