2.1 Basis of preparation of financial statements
The financial statements have been prepared and presented under the
historical cost convention, on the accrual basis of accounting and
comply with the Accounting Standards notified under the Companies Act,
1956 ('the Act'), read with the General Circular 15/2013 dated 13th
September 2013 of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs in respect of
Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013.
2.2 Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from
those estimates. Any difference between the actual results and
estimates are recognised in the period in which the results are known/
materialize. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised
prospectively in the current and future periods.
2.3 Current-non current classification
All assets and liabilities are classified into current and non-current.
Assets
An asset is classified as current when it satisfies any of the
following criteria:
a. it is expected to be realised in, or is intended for sale or
consumption in, the Company's normal operating cycle;
b. it is held for the purpose of being traded;
c. it is expected to be realised within 12 months after the reporting
date; or
d. it is cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from being
exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least 12 months after the
reporting date.
Current assets include the current portion of non-current financial
assets.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
Liabilities
A liability is classified as current when it satisfies any of the
following criteria:
a. it is expected to be settled in the Company's normal operating
cycle;
b. it is held primarily for the purposes of being traded;
c. it is expected to be settled within 12 months after the reporting
date; or
d. the Company does not have any unconditional right to defer
settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting
date.
Current liabilities include the current portion of non-current
financial liabilities.
for the year ended 31st December 2014
(Currency - Indian Rupees)
All other liabilities are classified as non-current.
Operating cycle
Operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for
processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalent.
The operating cycle of the Company is less than 12 months.
2.4 Intangible fixed asset and amortisation
Intangible fixed assets that are acquired by the Company are measured
initially at cost. After initial recognition, an intangible asset is
carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any accumulated
impairment loss.
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future
economic benefits from the specific asset to which it relates.
Intangible assets are amortised in the Statement of Profit and Loss
over their useful lives, from the date that they are available for use
based on the expected pattern of consumption of economic benefits of
the assets. Accordingly, at present, these are being amortised on
straight line basis over a period of 3 years.
Amortisation method and useful lives are reviewed at each reporting
date. If the useful life of an asset is estimated to be significantly
different from the previous estimates, the amortisation period is
changed accordingly. If there has been a significant change in the
expected pattern of economic benefits from the asset, the amortisation
method is changed to reflect the changed pattern.
An intangible asset is derecognized on disposal or when no future
economic benefits are expected from its use and disposal. Losses
arising from retirement and gains or losses arising from disposal of
intangible assets which are measured as the difference between the net
disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset are recognised
in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
2.5 Impairment of assets
In accordance with Accounting Standard 28 - Impairment of Assets (AS
28), the carrying amounts of the Company's assets are reviewed at each
Balance Sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of
impairment. If any such indications exist, the assets' recoverable
amount is estimated, as the higher of the net selling price and the
value in use. An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying
amount of an asset or its cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable
amount. If at the Balance Sheet date, there is an indication that a
previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable
amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable
amount, subject to a maximum of depreciable historical cost.
2.6 Investments
Investments that are not readily realisable and intended to be held for
more than a year from the date of acquisition are classified as
non-current investments.
Long term investments are carried forward at cost less
other-than-temporary diminution in value, determined separately for
each individual investment.
2.7 Revenue recognition
a) Product sales
Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when all significant risks and
rewards of their ownership are passed onto the customers. The amount
recognised as revenue is exclusive of sales tax/ value added tax and is
net of returns, trade discounts, quantity discounts and rebates.
b) Interest income
Interest income is recognised on a time proportionate basis taking into
account the amount invested and the rate applicable.
c) Other
Dividend income is recognised when the right to receive payment is
established. Other items of income are accounted as and when the right
to receive arises.
2.8 Foreign exchange transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the exchange rate
prevailing at the date of the respective transaction. Exchange
differences arising on foreign currency transactions settled during the
year are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency at the
Balance Sheet date are translated at the year end exchange rate and the
resultant exchange differences are recognized in the Statement of
Profit and Loss.
2.9 Taxation
Income-tax comprises current tax (i.e. amount of tax for the year
determined in accordance with the income-tax law) and deferred tax
charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences
between accounting income and taxable income for the year).
The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax
liabilities or assets are recognised using the tax rates that have been
enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax
assets are recognised only to the extent there is reasonable certainty
that the asset can be realised in future; however, where there is
unabsorbed depreciation and carried forward losses under taxation laws,
deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is a virtual certainty
of realisation of the assets. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each
Balance Sheet date and written down or written-up to reflect the amount
that is reasonable/ virtually certain (as the case may be) to be
realised.
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) under the provisions of the Income Tax Act,
1961 is recognised as current tax in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The credit available under the Act, in respect of MAT paid is
recognised as asset only when and to the extent there is convincing
evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the period
for which the MAT credit can be carried forward for set- off against
the normal tax liability. MAT credit recognised as an asset is reviewed
at each Balance Sheet date and written down to the extent the aforesaid
convincing evidence no longer exists.
2.10Earnings per share
The basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit
attributable to the equity shareholders for the year by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit
attributable to the equity shareholders for the year by the weighted
average number of equity and equivalent dilutive equity shares
outstanding during the year, except where the results would be
anti-dilutive.
2.11Provisions and contingencies
A provision is recognised in the Balance Sheet when the Company has a
present obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that
an outflow of economic resources will be required to settle the
obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate of the amount of
the obligation can be made. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet
date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
A disclosure by way of a contingent liability is made when there is a
possible obligation or present obligation that may, but probably will
not; require an outflow of economic resources. Where there is a
possible obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of
economic resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
Accruals have been made in respect of warranties, contractual
obligations and liquidated damages for sales of its products, based on
past experience. The timing and amount of the cash flows that arise
from these matters are determined at the time of receipt of claims from
customers.
2.12Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and
short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or
less.
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