Note 1 (A): Company Overview and Material Accounting Policies Company Overview :
Plastiblends India Limited (hereinafter referred to as “the Company”) is a Public Limited Company incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956, having its registered office at Mumbai, India. The Company has manufacturing facilities at Daman (UT), Roorkee (Uttarakhand) and Palsana (Surat-Gujarat). The Company is engaged into manufacturing of Masterbatches.
Material Accounting Policies :a) Statement of Compliance :
These financial statements are prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended from time to time, the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) and guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), as applicable. Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where newly issued accounting standard or revision to existing accounting standards requires changes in the existing accounting policies.
The financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors of the Company at their meeting held 2nd May 2024.
b) Basis of preparation of Accounts :Basis of Preparation :
The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following assets and liabilities:
i. Certain financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value and classified as fair value through other comprehensive income or fair value through profit or loss ; and
ii. Employee's Defined Benefit Plan as per Actuarial Valuation.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In determining the fair market value of an asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement data.
Functional and Presentation Currency :
The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees, which is the functional currency of the Company and the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates. All amounts have been rounded off to the nearest Lakh except share data, unless otherwise indicated.
Classification of Assets and Liabilities into Current/Non-Current :
The Company has ascertained its operating cycle as twelve months for the purpose of Current/ Non-Current classification of its Assets and Liabilities.
For the purpose of Balance Sheet, an asset is classified as current if:
i. It is expected to be realised or is intended to be sold or consumed, in the normal operating cycle; or
ii. It is held primarily for the purpose of trading; or
iii. It is expected to realise the asset within twelve months after the reporting period; or
iv. The asset is a cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
Similarly, a liability is classified as current if :
i. It is expected to be settled in the normal operating cycle; or
ii. It is held primarily for the purpose of trading; or
iii. It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or
iv. The Company does not have an unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. Terms of a liability that could result in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments at the option of the counterparty does not affect this classification.
All other liabilities are classified as non-current.
c) Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE) :
PPE is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The initial cost of PPE comprises of its purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes and any directly attributable costs of bringing an asset to working condition and location for its intended use, including relevant borrowing costs and any expected costs of decommissioning,
Subsequent expenditure relating to PPE are capitalised only when it is probable that future economic associated with these will flow to the Company and cost of the item can be measured realibly. Repairs and maintenance cost are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which the costs are incurred.
Material items such as spare parts, stand-by equipment and service equipment are classified as PPE when they meet the definition of PPE as specified in Ind AS 16 - Property, Plant and Equipment.
An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the income statement when the asset is derecognised.
d) Depreciation :
Depreciation is calculated on cost of items of property, plant and equipment less their estimated residual values over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method and is generally recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Freehold land is not depreciated.
The estimated useful life of items of property, plant and equipment are as follows: (work under process)
Asset Category
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Useful Life
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Building
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3 to 60 Years
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Plant and Equipment
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2 to 30 Years
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Solar Generation System
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25 Years
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Office Equipment
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3 to 10 Years
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Furniture and Fixture
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3 to 10 Years
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Computer & Data Processing Units
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3 to 6 Years
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Intangible Assets
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3 to 10 Years
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Vehicles
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8 to 10 Years
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Depreciation on additions (disposals) is provided on a pro-rata basis i.e. from (up to) the date/month on which asset is ready for use (disposed of).
e) Intangible Assets and Amortization :
Intangible assets with finite useful life that are acquired separately are stated at acquisition cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses, if any. The Company determines the useful life as the period over which the future economic benefits will flow to the Company after taking into account all relevant facts and circumstances.
Amortisation is calculated over the cost of the asset or other amount substituted for cost. Amortisation is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of intangible assets from the date that they are available for use.
The Company has determined useful life of software as 3 to 10 years.
Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the net carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.
Research and development costs
Expenditure pertaining to research is expensed as incurred. Expenditure incurred on development is capitalised if such expenditure leads to creation of an asset, otherwise such expenditure is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
f) Capital Work in Progress :
Advances paid towards acquisition of PPE outstanding at each Balance Sheet date is classified as capital advances under other non-current assets and cost of the assets not put to use before such date are disclosed under Capital Work in Progress.
g) Investment property:
Investment property is property held either to earn rental income or for capital appreciation or for both, but not for sale in the ordinary course of business, use in the production or supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes. Investment properties are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost includes the cost of replacing parts and borrowing costs for long term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of the property are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives.
Subsequent expenditure is capitalized to the assets carrying amount only when it is certain that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance and other costs are expensed when incurred.
Investment properties are de-recognized either when they have been disposed off or when they are permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefit is expected from their disposal. The difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset is recognized in the statement of profit and loss in the period of derecognition.
h) Reclassification to investment property :
When the use of a property changes from owner-occupies to investment property, the property is reclassified as investment property at its carrying amount on the date of reclassification.
i) Impairment of Non-Financial Assets :
Assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less cost of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets (cashgenerating units).
j) Inventories :Inventories are valued as follows:
Inventories are valued at Lower of Weighted Average cost or estimated net realisable value & are net of Goods and Service Tax (GST). Cost includes cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories at their present location and condition. Cost of conversion for the purpose of valuation of WIP and finished goods includes fixed and variable production overheads incurred in converting the material into their present condition and location.
Inventory of machinery spares and maintenance materials not being material are expensed in the year of purchase. However, machinery spares that meets the definition of property, plant and equipment are capitalized in the financial statements.
k) Borrowing Costs :
Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings. Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or development of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the year they occur.
l) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets :
Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessment of time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. Unwinding of the discount is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss as a finance cost. Provisions are reviewed at each reporting date and are adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.
Contingent liabilities are also disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company.
Claims against the Company where the possibility of any outflow of resources in settlement is remote, are not disclosed as contingent liabilities.
Contingent assets are not recognized in financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realized. However, when the realization of income is virtually certain, then the related asset is not a contingent asset and is recognized.
m) Revenue Recognition :Revenue from contract with customers
Revenue is recognized on the basis of approved contracts regarding the transfer of goods or services to a customer for an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.
Revenue towards satisfaction of a performance obligation is measured at the amount of transaction price (net of variable consideration) allocated to that performance obligation. The transaction price of goods sold and services rendered is net of variable consideration on account of various discounts and schemes offered by the Company as part of the contract.
Variable consideration includes discounts provided to the dealers and customers. Accumulated experience is used to estimate and provide for the discounts and revenue is only recognized to the extent that it is highly probable that significant reversal will not occur.
Sales are recognised when substantial control of the products has been transferred to the customer, being when the products are delivered to the customer without any unfulfilled obligation that could affect the customer's acceptance of the products.
Any amount receivable from the customers are recognized as revenue after the control over the goods are transferred to the customer which is generally on dispatch of goods as this is the point in time that the consideration is unconditional because only the passage of time is required before the payment is due.
The Company does not expect to have any contracts where the period between the transfer of goods and payment by customer exceeds one year. Hence, the Company does not adjust revenue for the time value of money.
Dividend Income
Dividends are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.
Interest Income
Interest Income is recognized using Effective Interest Method
n) Lease :
The Company has applied Ind AS 116 Leases from the accounting periods beginning from April 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. Accordingly, the comparative information for the year ended March 31,2019 has not been restated and continues to be reported under Ind AS 17 and relevant appendices.
At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is or contains, a lease. A contract is or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether:
1. the contract involves the use of an identified asset - this may be specified explicitly or implicitly and should be physically distinct or represent substantially all of the capacity of a physically distinct asset. If the supplier has a substantive substitution right, then the asset is not identified.
2. the Company has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset throughout the period of use; and
3. the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. The Company has this right when it has the decisionmaking rights that are most relevant to changing how and for what purpose the asset is used. In rare cases where the decision about how and for what purpose the asset is used is predetermined, the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset if either:
a - the Company has the right to operate the asset; or
b - the Company designed the asset in a way that predetermines how and for what purpose it will be used.
This policy is applied to contracts entered into, or modified, on or after April 1,2019. At inception or on reassessment of a contract that contains a lease component, the Company allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of their relative stand-alone prices.
Company as a lessee
The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.
The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company's incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate. The lease liability is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets
The Company has elected not to recognize right-of use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognizes the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
o) Government Grant :
- Government grants are recognized where there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attached conditions will be complied with.
- When the grant relates to an expense item, it is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss on a systematic basis over the periods that the related costs, for which it is intended to compensate, are expensed.
- When the grant relates to property, plant and equipment, the cost of property, plant and equipment is shown at gross value and grant thereon is recognized as deferred income and are credited to statement of profit and loss on a systematic basis over the useful life of the asset.
p) Employee Benefit Expense :Defined benefit plan :
The Company pays gratuity to the employees whoever has completed five years of service with the Company at the time of resignation/superannuation. The gratuity liability amount is contributed to the approved gratuity fund formed exclusively for gratuity payment to the employees.
The liability in respect of gratuity and other post-employment benefits is calculated using the Projected Unit Credit Method and spread over the period during which the benefit is expected to be derived from employees' services.
Re-measurement of defined benefit plans in respect of post-employment are charged to the Other Comprehensive Income. Re-measurement recognised in OCI is reflected immediately in retained earnings and will not be reclassified to Statement of Profit and Loss.
The present value of the defined benefit plan liability is calculated using a discount rate which is determined by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on Government bonds.
The defined benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the actual deficit or surplus in the Company's defined benefit plans. Any surplus resulting from this calculation is limited to the present value of any economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plans or reductions in future contributions to the plans.
Defined contribution plan :
Payments to defined contribution plans are recognised as an expense when employees have rendered service entitling them to the contributions.
The eligible employees of the Company are entitled to receive benefits in respect of provident fund, for which both the employees and the Company make monthly contributions at a specified percentage of the covered employees' salary. The contributions as specified under the law are made to the Government Provident Fund monthly.
Short-term employee benefits :
A liability is recognised for benefits accruing to employees in respect of wages and salaries, annual leave in the period the related service is rendered. Liabilities recognised in respect of short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the related service.
q) Income Taxes :
The tax expense for the period comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in the comprehensive income or in equity. In which case, the tax is also recognized in other comprehensive income or equity.
Current Tax :
Current tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities, based on tax rates and laws that are enacted or substantively enacted at the Balance sheet date.
Deferred Tax :
Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
The carrying amount of Deferred Tax Liabilities and assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable.
r) Foreign Currency Transactions :
Foreign currency transactions are recorded at exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are restated into the functional currency using exchange rates prevailing on the Balance sheet date. Gains and losses arising on settlement and restatement of foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are recognised in the statement of profit and loss, Non- monetary assets and liabilities that are measured in terms of historical cost of foreign currencies are not translated.
s) Earnings Per Share :
The basic Earnings Per Share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing the net profit / (loss) after tax for the year attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, net profit/(loss) after tax for the year attributable to the equity shareholders and the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
t) Financial Instruments :
Financial Assets & Financial Liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes party to contractual provisions of the relevant instrument.
Initial Recognition and Measurement :
All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through Profit or Loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial assets. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through Profit or Loss are expensed in Profit or Loss. However, trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are measured at transaction price.
Classification and Subsequent Measurement : Financial Assets Financial assets carried at Amortised Cost :
A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Financial assets at fair value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI) :
A financial asset is measured at FVTOCI if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) :
A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are measured at FVTPL.
Investment in Equity Instruments designated to be classified as FVTOCI :
The Company carries certain equity instruments which are not held for trading. The Company has elected the FVTOCI irrevocable option for these instruments. Movements in fair value of these investments are recognized in other comprehensive income and the gain or loss is not reclassified to statement of profit and loss on disposal of these investments. Dividends from these investments are recognized in statement of profit and loss when the Company's right to receive dividends is established.
Classification and Subsequent Measurement: Financial Liabilities
Financial liabilities are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
Impairment of financial assets :
In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company uses ‘Expected Credit Loss' (ECL) model, for evaluating impairment of financial assets other than those measured at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL).
For trade receivables Company applies ‘simplified approach' which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. The Company calculates the expected credit losses on trade receivables using a provision matrix on the basis of its historical credit loss experience.
For other assets, the Company uses 12 month ECL to provide for impairment loss where there is no significant increase in credit risk. If there is significant increase in credit risk full lifetime ECL is used.
Derecognition of Financial Instruments :
The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or it transfers the financial asset and the transfer qualifies for derecognition under Ind AS 109.
A financial liability (or a part of a financial liability) is derecognized from the Company's Balance Sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expires.
u) Cash and cash equivalent :
Cash and cash equivalents in the Balance Sheet comprise cash at bank and in hand that are readily convertible into cash which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value and are held for the purpose of meeting short-term cash commitments.
v) Assets Held for Sale :
Non-current assets or disposal groups comprising of assets and liabilities are classified as 'held for sale' when all of the following criteria's are met: (i) decision has been made to sell. (ii) the assets are available for immediate sale in
its present condition. (iii) the assets are being actively marketed and (iv) sale has been agreed or is expected to be concluded within 12 months of the Balance Sheet date.
Subsequently, such non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of its carrying value and fair value less costs of disposal. Non-current assets held for sale are not depreciated or amortised.
w) Derivative Financial Instruments :
The Company enters into derivative financial instruments viz. foreign exchange forward contracts to manage its exposure foreign exchange rate risks. The Company does not hold derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.
Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value at the date the derivative contracts are entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The resulting gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss immediately.
x) Segment Reporting - Identification of Segments :
An operating segment is a component of the Company that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the company's management to make decisions for which discrete financial information is available.
Based on the management approach as defined in Ind AS 108, the management evaluates the Company's performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators by business segments and geographic segments.
y) Cash Dividend :
The Company recognizes a liability to make cash distributions to equity holders when the distribution is authorized and approved by the shareholders. A corresponding amount is recognized directly in equity.
Note 1(B): Use of Estimates and Judgements
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected. In particular, information about significant areas of estimation, uncertainty and critical judgments in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements are included in the following notes:
a) Useful Lives of Property, Plant & Equipment :
The Company uses its technical expertise along with historical and industry trends for determining the economic life of an asset/component of an asset. The useful lives are reviewed by management periodically and revised, if appropriate. In case of a revision, the unamortised depreciable amount is charged over the remaining useful life of the assets.
b) Defined Benefit Plans and Compensated Absences :
The cost of the defined benefit plans, compensated absences and the present value of the defined benefit obligation are based on actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, attrition rate, future salary increases and mortality rates.
Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
c) Expected Credit Losses on Financial Assets :
The impairment provisions of financial assets are based on assumptions about risk of default and expected timing of collection. The Company uses judgment in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on the Company's past history, customer's creditworthiness, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting period.
d) Fair Value measurement of financial instruments :
When the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using valuation techniques including the Discounted Cash Flow model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgement is required in establishing fair values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility
e) Contingent Liability :
The Company has received various orders and notices from tax authorities in respect of direct taxes and indirect taxes. The outcome of these matters may have a material effect on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Management regularly analyses current information about these matters and discloses the information of related contingent liability.in making the decision regarding the need of creating loss provision, management considers the degree of probability of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a sufficiently reliable estimate of the amount of loss. The filing of a suit or formal assertion of a claim against the Company or the disclosure of any such suit or assertions, does not automatically indicate that a provision of a loss may be appropriate.
Note 1(C): Standards Issued but not yet effective:
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) has issued "Exposure Draft on Supplier Finance Arrangements -Amendments to Ind AS 7 and Ind AS 107" which will require additional disclosures to enable users of financial statements to assess effects of supplier finance arrangements on the entity's liabilities and cash flows and its exposure to liquidity risk.
No significant impacts on financial statements of the Company are expected as a result of the proposed amendments.
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