Note No.1: MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(i) Basis of Preparation of financial statements:
These financial statements have been prepared in
accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards
(hereinafter referred to as the 'Ind AS') as notified by
Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to section
133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 3 of
the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)
Rules, 2015 (as amended from time to time). The
financial statements have been prepared on accrual
and going concern basis. The accounting policies
are applied consistently to all the periods presented
in the financial statements. The Company
segregates assets and liabilities into current and
non-current categories for presentation in the
balance sheet after considering its normal
operating cycle and other criteria set out in Ind AS
1, “Presentation of Financial Statements”. For this
purpose, current assets and liabilities include the
current portion of non-current assets and liabilities
respectively. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
always classified as non-current. The operating
cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets
for processing and their realization in cash and
cash equivalents. The Company has identified
period up to twelve months as its operating cycle.
The standalone financial statements are presented in
Rupees in thousands and all values are rounded to the
nearest two decimals, except when otherwise indicated.
(ii) Basis of Measurement
These financial statements are prepared under the
historical cost convention unless otherwise
indicated
(iii) Key estimates and assumptions
The preparation of financial statements requires
management to make judgments, estimates and
assumptions in the application of accounting
policies that affect the reported amounts of assets,
liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may
differ from these estimates. Continuous evaluation
is done on the estimation and judgments based on
historical experience and other factors, including
expectations of future events that are believed to be
reasonable. Information about critical judgments in
applying accounting policies, as well as estimates
and assumptions that have the most significant
effect to the carrying amounts of assets and
liabilities within the next financial year, are as
follows:
- Determination of the estimated useful lives of
tangible assets and the assessment as to which
component of the cost may be capitalized - Note
1(v).
- Impairment of Property, Plant and Equipment's -
Note 2
- Recognition and measurement of defined benefit
obligations - Note 1(xv)
- Recognition of deferred tax assets - Note 1(xvii)
- Fair value of financial instruments - Note 1(iv)
- Provisions and Contingent Liabilities - Note 40
(iv) Measurement of fair values
The Company's accounting policies and disclosures
require the measurement of fair values for financial
instruments.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an
asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly
transaction between market participants at the
measurement date, regardless of whether that price is
directly observable or estimated using another valuation
technique.
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using
the assumptions that market participants would use
when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market
participants act in their economic best interest.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes
into account a market participant's ability to generate
economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and
best use or by selling it to another market participant
that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are
appropriate in the circumstances and for which
sufficient data are available to measure fair value,
maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and
minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured
or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized
within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows,
based on the lowest level input that is significant to the
fair value measurement as a whole:
• Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in
active markets for identical assets or
liabilities
• Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the
lowest level input that is significant to
the fair value measurement is directly or
indirectly observable
• Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the
lowest level input that is significant to
the fair value measurement is
Unobservable
(v) Property plant and equipment (PPE).
Property, Plant and Equipment are initially
recognized at cost except the assets of the
transferor company acquired in the amalgamation
which was recognized at book value by the
company. The initial cost of PPE comprises its
purchase price, including non-refundable duties
and taxes net of any trade discounts and rebates.
The cost of PPE includes interest on borrowings
(borrowing cost) directly attributable to acquisition,
construction or production of qualifying assets
subsequent to initial recognition, PPE are stated at
cost less accumulated depreciation (other than
freehold land, which are stated at cost) and
impairment losses, if any.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset's
carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset,
as appropriate, only when it is probable that future
economic benefits associated with the item will flow
to the Company and the cost of the item can be
measured reliably. The carrying amount of any
component accounted for as a separate asset is
derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and
maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the
reporting period in which they are incurred.
Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on
Written Down value method based on estimated
useful life prescribed under Schedule II to the
Companies Act, 2013 with the exception of the
following:
Assets costing Rs. 5,000 or less are fully
depreciated in the year of purchase.
Estimated useful lives by major class of assets are
as follows:
Plant and Equipment - 5 years
Motor Vehicles - 8 years
Computers - 3 years
Office Equipment - 5 years
Furniture & Fixtures - 10 years
Freehold land is not depreciated
The carrying values of property, plant and
equipment are reviewed for impairment when
events or changes in circumstances indicate that
the carrying value may not be recoverable.
The residual values, useful life and depreciation
method are reviewed at each financial year-end to
ensure that the amount, method and period of
depreciation are consistent with previous estimates
and the expected pattern of consumption of the
future economic benefits embodied in the items of
property, plant and equipment.
An item of property, plant and equipment is
derecognized upon disposal or when no future
economic benefits are expected to arise from the
continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising
on disposal or retirement of an item of property,
plant and equipment is determined as the
difference between sales proceeds and the carrying
amount of the asset and is recognized in profit or
loss. Fully depreciated assets still in use are
retained in financial statements.
The company had acquired land and building on
lease basis, on which company paid the nominal
amount of lease rent and the title asset belongs to
the company so as a result Ind AS 116 'Leases' is
not applied.
(vi) Intangible Assets-
Intangible assets are measured on initial
recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at
cost less accumulated amortisation and
accumulated impairment losses, if any. An
intangible asset is derecognized on disposal, or
when no future economic benefits are expected
from use or disposal. Gains or losses on
derecognition are determined by comparing
proceeds with carrying amount. The useful lives of
intangible assets are assessed as either finite or
indefinite. Finite-life intangible assets are
amortised on a straight-line basis over the period of
their estimated useful lives. Estimated useful lives
by major class of finite-life intangible assets are as
follows:
Computer Software - 5 years
Trademarks - 10 years
(vii) Non - derivative Financial instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are recognized when
the Company becomes a party to the contractual
provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and
liabilities are initially measured at fair value.
Transaction costs that are directly attributable to
the acquisition or issue of financial assets and
financial liabilities (other than financial assets and
financial liabilities at fair value through profit or
loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value
measured on initial recognition of financial asset or
financial liability.
(viii) Cash and cash equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid financial
instruments, which are readily convertible into
known amounts of cash that are subject to an
insignificant risk of change in value and having
original maturities of three months or less from the
date of purchase, to be cash equivalents. Cash and
cash equivalents consist of balances with banks
which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage
(ix) Financial assets at fair value through other
comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
Financial assets are measured at fair value through
other comprehensive income if these financial
assets are held within a business whose objective is
achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows
that give rise on specified dates to solely payments
of principal and interest on the principal amount
outstanding and by selling financial assets.
The Company has made an irrevocable election to
present subsequent changes in the fair value of
equity investments not held for trading in Other
Comprehensive Income
(x) Financial assets at fair value through profit or
loss (FVTPL)
Financial assets are measured at fair value through
profit or loss unless it is measured at amortised cost
or at fair value through other comprehensive
income on initial recognition. The transaction costs
directly attributable to the acquisition of financial
assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or
loss are immediately recognized in profit or loss.
Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost
using the effective interest method.
Equity instruments
An equity instrument is a contract that evidences
residual interest in the assets of the Company after
deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments
recognized by the Company are measured at the
proceeds received net off direct issue cost.
Off setting of financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are off set
and the net amount is reported in financial
statements if there is a currently enforceable legal
right to offset the recognized amounts and there is
an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the
assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
(xi) Investments in Subsidiaries
A subsidiary is an entity that is controlled by the
Company.
The Company accounts for each category of
investments in subsidiaries at cost in accordance
with Ind AS 27- Separate Financial Statements.
(xii) Impairments of Non-financial assets
The carrying values of assets / cash generating
units at each balance sheet date are reviewed for
impairment if any indication of impairment exists.
If the carrying amount of the assets exceed the
estimated recoverable amount, impairment is
recognized for such excess amount. The
impairment loss is recognized as an expense in the
Statement of Profit and Loss, unless the asset is
carried at revalued amount, in which case any
impairment loss of the revalued asset is treated as a
revaluation decrease to the extent a revaluation
reserve is available for that asset.
When there is indication that an impairment loss
recognized for an asset in earlier accounting
periods which no longer exists or may have
decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is
recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss, to
the extent the amount was previously charged to
the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(xiii) Inventories:
Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted
average basis) and net realisable value after
providing for obsolescence and other losses, where
considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in
bringing the goods to their present location and
condition, including octroi and other levies, transit
insurance and receiving charges. Net realisable
value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary
course of business, less the estimated costs of
completion and the estimated costs necessary to
make the sale.
(xiv) Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of
promised products or services to customers in an
amount that reflect the consideration which the
company expects to receive in exchange for those
products or services.
Revenue is measured based on the transaction
price, which is the consideration, adjusted for
volume discount, price concessions and incentives,
if any as specified in the contract with the customer.
Revenue also excludes taxes collected from
customers.
Revenue from subsidiaries is recognized based on
transaction price which is at arm's length.
Dividend income is recognized when the right to
receive the same is established, it is probable that
the economic benefits associated with the dividend
will flow to the Company and the amount of
dividend can be measured reliably.
Interest income from financial assets is recognized
when it is probable that economic benefits will flow
to the Company and the amount of income can be
measured reliably.
(xv) Employee benefits
Short-Term Employee Benefits
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve
months of rendering the service are classified as
short term employee benefits. Benefits such as
salaries, performance incentives, etc., are
recognized as an expense at the undiscounted
amount in the Statement of Profit and Loss of the
year in which the employee renders the related
service.
Defined benefit plans
The Company also provides for retirement benefits
in the form of gratuity, compensated absences and
medical benefits including to the employees of
subsidiary and group companies.
Post Employment Benefits
Payments made to a defined contribution plan such
as Provident Fund and Family Pension maintained
with Regional Provident Fund Office are charged as
an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss as
they fall due.
Terminal Benefits
All terminal benefits are recognized as an expense
in the period in which they are incurred.
(xvi) Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs are interest and other costs that
the Company incurs in connection with the
borrowing of funds and is measured with reference
to the effective interest rate applicable to the
respective borrowing. Borrowing costs that are
directly attributable to the acquisition of an asset
that necessarily takes a substantial period of time
to get ready for its intended use are capitalised as
part of the cost of that asset till the date it is put to
use. Other borrowing costs are recognized as an
expense in the period in which they are incurred.
(xvii) Taxes on Income
Income tax expense comprises current and deferred
tax and is recognized in the Statement of Profit and
Loss except to the extent that it relates to items
recognized directly in equity or in OCI.
Current tax
Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or
receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year
and any adjustment to the tax payable or receivable
in respect of previous years. It is measured using
tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the
reporting date
Deferred Tax
Deferred income tax is recognized using the
Balance Sheet approach. Deferred income tax
assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible
and taxable temporary differences arising between
the tax base of assets and liabilities and their
carrying amount, except when the deferred income
tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or
liability in a transaction that is not a business
combination and affects neither accounting nor
taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.
Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent
that it is probable that either future taxable profits
or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be
available, against which the deductible temporary
differences, and the carry forward of unused tax
credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.
The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset shall be
reviewed at the end of each reporting date and
reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable
that sufficient taxable profit will be available to
allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to
be utilised.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured
using the tax rates and tax laws that have been
enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the
reporting period and are expected to apply when the
related deferred tax asset is realised or the deferred
tax liability is settled.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are off set when
there is a legally enforceable right to offset current
tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax
balances relate to the same taxation authority.
|