1 Corporate Information

1.1 Radiant Cash Management Services Limited (“the Company”) (CIN: L74999TN2005PTC055748) was incorporated as a private limited company under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 on March 23, 2005. The Company’s registered office is situated at 28, Vijayaraghava Road, T.Nagar, Chennai - 600017. The Company is engaged in the business of Cash Logistics Services, Cash Van Operations and related services. The company was converted into a Public Limited Company with effect from August 25, 2021 as approved by the Registrar.

1.2 The company went public with its Initial Public Offer (IPO) during December 2022, pursuant to which 54,54,546 shares of Re.1 each (at a premium of Rs 98 per share)were allotted on 2nd January 2023 (Refer Note 15.6). The Company’s shares got listed in the National Stock Exchange(NSE) and Bombay Stock Exchange(BSE)on 4th January 2023.

2 Basis of Preparation

(i) These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 specified under Section 133 of Companies Act, 2013, (the ‘Act’) and other relevant provisions of the Act.

(ii) The financial statements were authorised for issue by the Company’s Board of Directors on May 23, 2024.

(iii) Current versus Non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification.

An asset is treated as current when it is:

• Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle or expected to be realized within twelve months after the reporting period

• Held primarily for the purpose of trading

• Cash or cash equivalents unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current

(Amount in INR millions, unless otherwise stated)

A liability is treated as current when it is:

• It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle or due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period

• It is held primarily for the purpose of trading

• There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified period of twelve months as its operating cycle.

(iv) Significant accounting, judgments, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated. They are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that may have financial impact on the company and that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

The areas involving critical estimates or judgments are:

• Estimation of useful life of property, plant and equipment and intangible asset

• Estimation of defined benefit obligation

• Impairment of financial assets & non-financial assets

• Measurement of Right-of-Use (ROU) Asset and Liabilities

(v) Functional currency and presentation currency

Items included in the Financial Statements of the Company are measured and presented using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (“Functional Currency”). Indian Rupee is the functional Currency of the Company.

(vi) Historical cost convention

The Financial Statements have been prepared under historical cost convention on accrual basis except for certain assets and liabilities as stated in the respective policies, which have been measured at fair value.

(vii) Measurement of Fair value

A few of the Company’s accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

The Company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values.

Fair values are categorized into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

• Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

• Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).

• Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.

The Company recognizes transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period during which the change has occurred.

3 Summary of material accounting policies

(i) Revenue recognition

a) Commission

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is highly probable and a

significant reversal will not occur. Revenue from rendering of services is recognized as and when the services are rendered as per the terms of agreement with the customers and is disclosed net of credit notes towards deductions by customers as per the terms of the agreement.

b) Dividend and Interest Income

Dividend income from investments is recognized when the Company’s right to receive payment has been established (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably).

Interest income is accrued on a time proportion basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably).

(ii) Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The Company identifies and determines cost of each component/ part of the asset separately, if the component/ part have a cost which is significant to the total cost of the asset and has useful life that is materially different from that of the remaining asset.

Property, plant and equipment are eliminated from financial statements, either on disposal or when retired from active use. Losses arising in case of retirement of property, plant and equipment and gains or losses arising from disposal of property, plant and equipment are recognized in statement of profit and loss in the year of occurrence.

Depreciation is provided on the Straight Line Method (SLM). The useful life as specified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 has been considered for depreciation computation. If the management’s estimate of the useful life of a fixed asset at the time of acquisition of the fixed asset or of the remaining useful life on a subsequent review is shorter/longer than that envisaged in the aforesaid schedule, depreciation is provided at higher/lower rate based on the management’s estimate of the useful life/ remaining useful life. Depreciation is charged on pro rata basis for assets purchased/sold during the year.

Pursuant to this policy, the Property, Plant and Equipments are depreciated over the useful life as provided below;

(iii) Intangible assets

intangible assets purchased are measured at cost as of the date of acquisition, as applicable, less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment, if any.

intangible assets are recognized when it is probable that the future economic benefits that are attributable to the assets will flow to the company and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably. internally generated intangibles, excluding capitalized development costs, are not capitalized and the related expenditure is reflected in profit and loss in the period in which the expenditure is incurred.

The amortization period and the amortization method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortization period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. Useful life of intangible asset is considered as 3-4 years.

Gains or losses arising from de-recognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognized.

(iv) Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date

whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or cash-generating unit’s (CGU) net selling price and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.

In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

Impairment losses of operations are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

At each reporting date if there is an indication that previously recognized impairment losses no longer exist or have decreased, the Company estimates the asset’s or CGU’s recoverable amount. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed in the statement of profit and loss only to the extent of lower of its recoverable amount or carrying amount net of depreciation considering no impairment loss recognized in prior years only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized.

(v) Borrowing Cost

The Company capitalizes borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying asset as a part of the cost of the asset. The Company recognizes other borrowing costs as an expense in the period in which it incurs them. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale.

To the extent the Company borrows generally and uses them for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset, amount of borrowing cost eligible for capitalization is computed by applying a capitalization rate to the expenditure incurred. The capitalization

rate is determined based on the weighted average of borrowing costs, other than borrowings made specifically towards purchase of a qualifying asset.

(vi) Foreign currency translation

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded by the company at their respective functional currency spot rates, at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency spot rates of exchange at the reporting date. Exchange differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items are recognized as income or expenses in the period in which they arise.

Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions.

(vii) Employee benefits

Short term employee benefits obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related services provided. A liability is recognized for the amount expected to be paid under short-term employee benefits if the company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

a) Defined contribution plan

Retirement benefit in the form of provident fund is defined contribution scheme. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to such schemes. The Company recognizes contribution payable to such schemes as an expense, when an employee renders the related service.

b) Defined benefit plan

The Company’s obligation on account of gratuity is determined based on actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, these liabilities are highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting

date.

The Company recognizes the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss -Service costs comprising current service costs and Net interest expense or income.

The Company operates a defined benefit gratuity plan, which requires contributions to be made to a separately administered fund. The cost of providing benefits under the defined benefit plan is determined using the projected unit credit method. Liability for gratuity as at the year-end is provided on the basis of actuarial valuation.

Re-measurement, comprising of actuarial gains and losses and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognized immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements are not reclassified to profit and loss in subsequent periods.

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset.

(viii) Income taxesa) Current income tax

Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year and any adjustment to the tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. The amount of current tax reflects the best estimate of the tax amount expected to be paid or received after considering the uncertainty, if any, related to income taxes. It is measured using tax rates (and tax laws) enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset only if there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts, and it is intended to realize the asset and settle the liability on a net basis or simultaneously.

b) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying

amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

(ix) Leases

The Company, being a lessee, assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. Company recognizes Right of Use Asset and lease liability only when the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

The right-of-use assets are initially recognized at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or prior to the commencement date of the lease plus any initial direct costs less any lease incentives. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.

Right-of-use assets, for which the entity is reasonably certain to exercise the right to purchase, are depreciated from the commencement date on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and useful life of the underlying asset. The lease liability is initially measured at amortised cost at the present value of the future lease payments. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if not readily determinable, using the incremental borrowing rates.

For the short-term and low value leases, the Company recognizes the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

(x) Provisions and Contingencies

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss.

Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company; or a present obligation that arises from past events but is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; or the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.

A contingent asset is disclosed, where an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

(xi) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short- term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts, if any, as they are considered an integral part of the Company’s cash management.

(xii) Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

a) Financial assetsInvestments in Subsidiaries

Investments in Subsidiaries, Joint ventures and Associates are carried at cost less accumulated

impairment losses, if any. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in Subsidiaries, Joint ventures and Associates, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial assets are recognized initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit and loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in three broad categories:

• Financial assets at amortized cost

• Financial assets at fair value through OCI

(fvtoci)

• Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

Financial asset at amortized cost

A Financial asset is measured at amortized cost (net of any write down for impairment) the asset is held to collect the contractual cash flows (rather than to sell the instrument prior to its contractual maturity to realize its fair value changes) and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (“SPPI”) on the principal amount outstanding.

Such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included in finance income in the profit and loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognized statement of profit and loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.

Financial asset at fair value through OCI (FVTOCI)

A financial asset that meets the following two conditions is measured at fair value through OCI unless the asset is designated at fair value through profit and loss under fair value option.

• The financial asset is held both to collect contractual cash flows and to sell.

• The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Instruments included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognized in OCI. However, the Company recognizes interest income and impairment losses & reversals in the Profit and Loss. On derecognition of the asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI is reclassified from the equity to Profit and Loss. Interest earned whilst holding FVTOCI Financial asset is reported as interest income using the EIR method.

Financial asset at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

FVTPL is a residual category for company’s financial instruments. Any instruments which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL.

All investments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the Profit and Loss.

In addition, the company may elect to designate an instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ‘accounting mismatch’).

Derecognition

When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘pass- through’ arrangement. It

evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership.

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognized when:

• The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

• Based on above evaluation, either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the Company’s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a bases that reflect the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.

Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the financial assets which are not fair value through profit & loss and equity instruments recognized in OCI.

Loss allowances for trade receivables are always measured at an amount equal to Lifetime ECL. Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The maximum period considered when estimating ECL is the maximum contractual period over which the company is exposed to credit risk.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a

significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider all contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument. However, in rare cases when the expected life of the financial instrument cannot be estimated reliably, then the entity is required to use the remaining contractual term of the financial instrument.

ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income/ expense in the statement of profit and loss (P&L). This amount is reflected under the head ‘other expenses’ in the P&L. The balance sheet presentation for various financial instruments is described below:

Financial assets measured as at amortized cost, contractual revenue receivables and lease receivables: ECL is presented as an allowance, i.e., as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the balance sheet. The allowance reduces the net carrying amount. Until the asset meets write-off criteria, the Company does not reduce impairment allowance from the gross carrying amount.

b) Financial liabilitiesInitial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss or at amortized cost, as appropriate. All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in the

case of loans and borrowings, net of directly attributable transaction costs. The Company’s financial liabilities include trade payables, lease obligations, and other payables

Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Financial liabilities at amortized cost

After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings and other payables are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognized in profit and loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process.

Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

c) Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis,

to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

(xiii) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period adjusted for bonus elements, if any, issued during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders after taking into account the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares and the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(xiv) Segment reporting

The Company has identified “Cash Logistics Service” as a reportable segment based on the manner in which the operating results are reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker.

(xv) Cash Flow Statement

Cash flow statement is prepared in accordance with the indirect method prescribed in Ind AS 7 ‘Statement of Cash Flows’. Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit/ (loss) before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. Cash flow for the year is classified by operating, investing and financing activities.

(xvi) Rounding of amount

Amount disclosed in the financial statement and notes have been rounded off to the nearest million as per the requirements of schedule III, unless otherwise stated.