The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to the accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised and future periods affected.

Material judgments and estimates relating to carrying value of assets and liabilities include useful lives of Property, plant and equipment , impairment of Property, plant and equipment , investments , provision for employee benefits and other provisions, recoverability of deferred tax assets, commitments and contingencies.

5 Classification of Assets and Liabilities as Current and Non Current

All Assets and Liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of product & activities of the Company and their realization in cash and cash equivalent, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.

6 Material accounting policies

The following are the material accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

The Company uses the following critical accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions in preparation of its standalone financial statements:

6.1 Recognition of Revenue and Expenditure

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized on transfer of control of promised goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company is expected to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

Revenue towards satisfaction of a performance obligation is measured at the amount of transaction price (net of variable consideration) allocated to that performance obligation.The transaction price of goods sold and services rendered iss net of variable consideration on account of various discounts and schemes offered by the Company as part of the contract.This variable consideration is estimated based on the expected value of outflow. Revenue (net of variable consideration) is recognized only to the extent that it is highly probable that the amount will not be subject to significant reversal when uncertainty relating to its recognition is resolved.

Sale of Goods

Revenue from sale of products is recognized when the control on the goods have been transferred to the customer. The performance obligation in case of sale of product is satisfied at a point in time i.e., when the material is shipped to the customer or on delivery to the customer, as may be specified in the contract.

Interest

Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the effective interest rate method. Interest income is included under the head "Other Income" in statement of profit and loss.

Export Incentive

Revenue from export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable assurance and condition precedent to claim are fulfilled.

Expenses

All expenses are charged in statement of profit and loss as and when they are incurred.

6.2 Property, Plant & Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost comprising of purchase price and any initial directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use , less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any.

Depreciation is provided for property, plant and equipment on a straight line method so as to expenses the cost less residual value over their useful lives assets as prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. The estimated useful lives and residual value are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any change in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

Depreciation is not recorded on capital work-in progress until construction and installation is completed and the asset is for intended use.

6.3 Inventory

I nventories consists of Raw Material, Work In Progress, Finished Goods, Stores & Spares and packing materials.

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realisable value. Cost is determined on weighted average basis.

Raw materials, Stores & Spares & Packing material: Cost includes cost of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition on the weighted average basis.

Finished goods and work in progress: Cost includes cost of direct materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity on a weighted average basis. Cost of finished goods includes other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

6.4 Employee benefits

a) Short Term Employee Benefits

All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short-term employee benefits. Benefits such as salaries, wages etc. and the expected cost of ex-gratia are recognised in the period in which the employee renders the related service. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid when there is a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

b) Defined Contribution Plan

Contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as expense when employees have rendered services entitling them to such benefits.

c) Defined Benefit Plan

For defined benefit plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each balance sheet date. Remeasurement, comprising actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the changes to the asset ceiling and the return on plan assets (excluding interest), is reflected immediately in the balance sheet with a charge or credit recognised in other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Past service cost, both vested and unvested, is recognised as an expense at the earlier of (a) when the plan amendment or curtailment occurs; and (b) when the entity recognises related restructuring costs or termination benefits.

The retirement benefit obligations recognised in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligations reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the scheme.

6.5 Taxation

Tax expense is the aggregate amount included in the determination of profit or loss for the period in respect of current tax and deferred tax.

Current tax

Current tax is the amount of income taxes payable in respect of taxable profit for a period. Taxable profit differs from ‘profit before tax' as reported in the Statement of Profit and Loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible under the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Current tax is measured using tax rates that have been enacted by the end of reporting period for the amounts expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities.

Deferred Tax

Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit under Income tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences. However, in case of temporary differences that arise from initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction (other than business combination) that affect neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit, deferred tax liabilities are not recognized. Also, for temporary differences if any that may arise from initial recognition of goodwill, deferred tax liabilities are not recognized.

Deferred tax assets are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary difference can be utilized. In case of temporary differences that arise from initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction (other than business combination) that affect neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit, deferred tax assets are not recognized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow the benefits of part or all of such deferred tax assets to be utilized.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Presentation of current and deferred tax:

Current and deferred tax are recognized as income or an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income, in which case, the current and deferred tax income/expense are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income.

The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. In case of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities, the same are offset if the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off corresponding current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the Company.

6.6 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

Contingent Liability is disclosed in case of a present obligation arising from past events, when it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or where no reliable estimate is possible. Contingent liabilities are not recognised in financial statements but are disclosed in notes.

Contingent asset is a possible asset that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity. Contingent assets are not recognised in financial statements and are disclosed in notes when it is virtually certain that economic benefits will inflow to the Company.

6.7 Foreign Currency Transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at exchange rates prevailing at the date of transactions. Exchange differences arising on foreign exchange transactions settled during the year are recognised in the statement of profit and loss of the year.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies which are outstanding, as at the reporting date are translated at the closing exchange rates and the resultant exchange differences are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are recognised using the exchange rate at date of initial transactions, are not retranslated.

In respect of forward contracts, the premium or discount on these contracts is recognized as income or expenditure over the period of the contract. Any profit or loss arising on the cancellation or the renewal of such contracts is recognized as income or expense for the year.

6.8 Impairment Non-financial assets

The carrying amount of non- financial assets other than inventories are assessed at each reporting date to ascertain whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists then the asset's recoverable amount is estimated. An impairment loss is recognised as an expenses in the Statement of Profit and Loss, for the amount by which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less cost to sell and value in use. Value in use is ascertained through discounting of estimated future cash flows using a discount rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and the risk specific to the assets. For the purpose of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels into cash generating units for which there are separately identifiable cash flows.

An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that asset's carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment had been recognised.

Financial assets

The Company assesses at each date of balance sheet whether a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. Ind AS 109 requires expected credit losses to be measured through a loss allowance. In determining the allowances for doubtful trade receivables, the Company has used a practical expedient by computing the expected credit loss allowance for trade receivables based on a provision matrix. The provision matrix takes into account historical credit loss experience and is adjusted for forward looking information. The expected credit loss allowance is based on the ageing of the receivables that are due and allowance rates used in the provision matrix.

6.9 Cash and Cash Equivalents

For presentation in the Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

6.10 Borrowing Costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for the intended use or sale. Interest income earned on temporary investment of

specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation. The borrowing costs other than attributable to qualifying assets are recognised in the profit or loss in the period in which they incurred.

6.11 Financial Instruments

The company recognizes financial assets and financial liabilities when it becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial asset or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transactions costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in Statement of Profit and loss.

Financial assets

All regular way purchases or sale of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a trade date basis. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sale of financial assets that require delivery of assets within the time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place. All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortized cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.

Classification of Financial Assets

(i) Financial assets carried at amortised cost

A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortised cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

(ii) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

(iii) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories is subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.

(iv) Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.

(v) Equity instrument

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

c) Derecognition

The company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or it transfers the financial asset and the transfer qualifies for derecognition under Ind AS 109. A financial liability (or a part of a financial liability) is derecognized from the company's balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expires.

d) Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

6.12 Segment Reporting

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker. The company considers Ramming Mass as its single segment in which the company operates. The Company has also dealt in Some

Other products but their volumes are nominal hence no reportable segments are there.

6.13 Fair Value Measurement

The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

6.14 Recent accounting pronouncements

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended March 31, 2025, MCA has not notified any new standards or amendments to the existing standards applicable to the Company.