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SIMMONDS MARSHALL LTD.

22 November 2024 | 12:00

Industry >> Fasteners

Select Another Company

ISIN No INE657D01021 BSE Code / NSE Code 507998 / SIMMOND Book Value (Rs.) 32.06 Face Value 2.00
Bookclosure 28/09/2023 52Week High 173 EPS 2.91 P/E 53.92
Market Cap. 175.95 Cr. 52Week Low 63 P/BV / Div Yield (%) 4.90 / 0.00 Market Lot 1.00
Security Type Other

ACCOUNTING POLICY

You can view the entire text of Accounting Policy of the company for the latest year.
Year End :2024-03 

A. CORPORATE INFORMATION:

Simmonds Marshall Limited ('The Company') is a public limited company domiciled in India under registration number L29299PN1960PLC011645. The registered office of the Company is at Plot No. C-4/1, Phase II, Chakan MIDC, Bhamboli, Khed, Pune, Maharashtra 410501 and the Company has its listing on BSE Limited (Bombay Stock Exchange). The Company is primarily engaged in the business of manufacture of Industrial Fasteners and Bolts..

B. MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

1. Basis of Preparation of Financial Statements:

These Standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the 'Ind AS') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ('the Act') read with Rule 4 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and other related provisions of the Act.

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting and historical cost convention except for the following material items that have been measured at fair value as required by the relevant Ind AS:

(i) Certain financial assets and liabilities are measured at Fair value (Refer note no.B.6)

(ii) Defined benefit employee plan (Refer note no. B.12)

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Act.

2. Use of Estimates and judgments:

The preparation of the financial statements requires the Management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The recognition, measurement, classification or disclosure of an item or information in the financial statements is made relying on these estimates. The estimates and judgments used in the preparation of the financial statements are continuously evaluated by the management and are based on historical experience and various other assumptions and factors (including expectations of future events) that the management believes to be reasonable under the existing circumstances. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in current and future periods.

Critical accounting judgments and key source of estimation uncertainty:

The Company is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis.

(a) Recognition and measurement of defined benefit obligations, key actuarial assumptions - Note no. - 43

(b) Estimation of useful life of the Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets - Note no. B.5

3. Property, plant and equipment (PPE)

Property, plant and equipment (PPE) are capitalized on the day they are ready for use and are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumalated impairment losses, if any.

The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates, any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use and estimated costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring to the site on which it is located.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment. Subsequent costs are included in the assets carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and that the cost of the item can be reliably measured.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Assets which are not ready for their intended use are disclosed under Capital Work-in-Progress.

4. Intangible assets

Intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

5. Depreciation and Amortization:

(a) Property plant and equipment (PPE)

Depreciation is provided on the straight line method applying the useful lives prescribed in part C of Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

The range of estimated useful lives of Property, plant and equipments are as under:

Building (including roads) - 3 to 30 Years

Plant & Equipment - 10 to 15 Years

Furniture & Fixtures - 5 to 10 Years

Office Equipment - 5 Years

Electrical Installations - 10 Years

Vehicles - 8 Years

Computers & Servers - 3 - 6 Years

(b) Intangible assets

Software is amortized over a period of 3 years

Royalty is amortised over a period of 5 years

Goodwill is impaired based on impairment testing not amortized

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of Property Plant and Equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

6. Financial Instruments:

Financial assets - Initial recognition:

Financial assets are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. On initial recognition, a financial asset is recognised at fair value however, trade receivables that do not contain significant financing component are measured at transaction price(net of variable consideration). In case of Financial assets which are recognised at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL), its transaction costs are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. In other cases, the transaction cost are attributed to the acquisition value of the financial asset.

Subsequent measurement:

Financial assets are subsequently measured at:

- amortised cost

- fair value through profit & loss (FVTPL)

- fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

The above classification is being determined considering :

(a) the entity's business model for managing the financial assets and

(b) the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial assets.

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their recognition, except if and in the period, the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.

(i) Measured at amortised cost:

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost, if these financial assets are held within a business model whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

(ii) Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI):

Financial assets are measured at FVTOCI, if these financial assets are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows that give rise on specified dates to solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding and by selling financial assets. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI). Interest income measured using the EIR method and impairment losses, if any are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. On derecognition, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to 'other income' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(iii) Measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):

Financial assets other than equity instrument are measured at FVTPL unless it is measured at amortised cost or at FVTOCI on initial recognition. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Equity Instruments

All investments in equity instruments classified under financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading are measured at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may, on initial recognition, irrevocably elect to measure the same either at FVOCI or FVTPL. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. Fair value changes on an equity instrument shall be recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss unless the Company has elected to measure such instrument at FVOCI. Fair value changes excluding dividends, on an equity instrument measured at FVOCI are recognised in the OCI. Amounts recognised in Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) are not subsequently transferred to Statement of Profit and Loss.

Dividend income on the investments in equity instruments are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.

Impairment

The Company recognises a loss allowance for Expected Credit Losses (ECL) on financial assets that are measured at amortised cost and at FVTOCI. The credit loss is difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to an entity in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e. all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original effective interest rate. This is assessed on an individual or collective basis after considering all reasonable and supportable including that which is forward looking.

The Company's trade receivables or contract revenue receivables do not contain significant financing component and loss allowance on trade receivables is measured at an amount equal to life time expected losses i.e. expected cash shortfall, being simplified approach for recognition of impairment loss allowance.

Under simplified approach, the Company does not track changes in credit risk. Rather it recognizes impairment loss allowance based on the lifetime ECL at each reporting date right from its initial recognition. The Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on the portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward-looking estimates are analysed.

For financial assets other than trade receivables, the Company recognises 12-months expected credit losses for all originated or acquired financial assets if at the reporting date the credit risk of the financial asset has not increased significantly since its initial recognition. The expected credit losses are measured as lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on financial asset increases significantly since its initial recognition. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer significant increase in credit risks since initial recognition, than the Company reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12 months ECL. The impairment losses and reversals are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss. For financial assets measured at FVTPL, there is no requirement of impairment testing.

Derecognition

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers rights to receive cash flows from an asset, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company's continuing involvement.

In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Financial Liabilities

Initial Recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair value net of transaction costs which are not carried at fair value through profit or loss.

The Company's financial liabilities includes trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts.

Subsequent measurement

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost are subsequently measured at using EIR method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Loans & Borrowings

After initial recognition, interest bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using EIR method. Gains and losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit & Loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through EIR amortization process.

Financial Guarantee Contracts

Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that requires a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtors fails to make payment when due in accordance with the term of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognized initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee.

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the Statement of profit and loss.

Derivative financial instruments

The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward foreign exchange contracts, to hedge its foreign currency risks. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured at fair value with changes in fair value recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

7. Fair Value Measurement

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

- In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company. The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use. The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs. All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

- Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

- Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

- Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

8. Inventories

Inventories includes Raw Material, Work-in-Progress, Finished goods, Stores & spares, Tools, Packing Materials are stated at cost and net realizable value whichever is lower.

Raw Materials, Stores & Spares, Tools and Packing Materials

Cost include cost of purchases and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is determined on weighted average cost basis.

Work-in-Progress and Finished Goods

Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes cost of direct material, labour, other direct cost and a proportion of fixed manufacturing overheads allocated based on the normal operating capacity but excluding borrowing costs. Cost is determined on weighted average cost basis.

Traded Goods

Stock in trade are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes cost of purchase and other direct costs incurred. For this purpose cost is determined on weighted average cost basis.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated cost of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

Adequate allowance is made for obsolete and slow moving items.

9. Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash and Cash equivalents include cash and cheque in hand, bank balances, demand deposits with banks and other short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash & which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value where original maturity is three months or less.

10. Foreign Currency Transactions:

a) Initial Recognition

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising on foreign exchange transactions settled during the year are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss

b) Measurement of Foreign Currency Items at the Balance Sheet Date

Foreign currency monetary items of the Company are restated at the closing exchange rates. Non monetary items are recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising out of these transactions are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss

11. REVENUE RECOGNITION

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The Company recognizes revenue, whenever control over distinct goods or services is transferred to the customer; i.e. when the customer is able to direct the use of the transferred goods or services and obtains substantially all of the remaining benefits, provided a contract with enforceable rights and obligations exists and amongst others collectability of consideration is probable. Revenue is the transaction price the Company expects to be entitled to. In determining the transaction price, the Company considers effects of variable consideration, the existence of significant financing contracts, noncash consideration in exchange of transferring of promised goods or services to the customer. The Company considers whether there are other promises in the contract that are separate performance obligations to which the transaction price needs to be allocated (e.g. warranties etc.).

If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, the Company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled to in exchange for transferring goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated at contract inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant reversal of revenue will not occur once associated uncertainties are resolved. Some contracts with the customers provide them with a right to return and volume rebates. The right to return and volume rebates gives rise to variable consideration.The amount of variable consideration is calculated by either using the expected value or the most likely amount depending on which is expected to better predict the amount of variable consideration. Consideration is also adjusted for the time value of money if the period between the transfer of goods or services and the receipt of payment exceeds twelve months and there is a significant financing benefit either to the customer or the Company. If a contract contains more than one distinct goods or services, the transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on relative stand-alone selling prices. If stand-alone selling prices are not observable, the Company reasonably estimates those. Revenue is recognized for each performance obligation either at a point in time or over time.

Sale of goods:

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the control of the goods passes to the buyer either at the time of dispatch or delivery or when the risk of loss transfers. Revenue from sale of goods is net of taxes and recovery of charges collected from customers like transport, packing etc. Provision is made for returns when appropriate. Revenue is measured at the fair value of consideration received or receivable and is net of price discounts, allowance for volume rebates and similar items. Claims / Refunds not ascertainable with reasonable certainty are accounted for, on final settlement and are recognized as revenue on certainty of receipt on prudent basis.

Rendering of services:

Revenue from sale of services are recognized when the services are rendered.

Other Income

Dividend income on investments is recognised when the right to receive dividend is established. Interest income is recognized on a time proportionate basis taking into account the amounts invested and the rate of interest. For all financial instruments measured at amortised cost, interest income is recorded using the Effective interest rate method to the net carrying amount of the financial assets.

Contract balances:

Trade Receivables:

A receivable represents the Company's right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e. only a passage of time is required to before payment of the consideration is due).

Contract liabilities:

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfer goods and services to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made or the payment is due, whichever is earlier. Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.

12. Employee Benefits:

The Company has provided following post-employment plans:

(a) Defined benefit plans such as gratuity and

(b) Defined contribution plans such as Provident fund & Superannuation fund a) Defined-benefit plan:

The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plan is the

present value of defined benefit obligations at the end of the reporting period less fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligations is calculated annually by actuary through actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method.

The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

(a) Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailment and non-routine settlements; and

(b) Net interest expense or income

The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expenses in the statement of profit & loss.

Re-measurement comprising of actuarial gains and losses arising from

(a) Re-measurement of Actuarial(gains)/losses

(b) Return on plan assets, excluding amount recognized in effect of asset ceiling

(c) Re-measurement arising because of change in effect of asset ceiling are recognised in the period in which they occur directly in Other Comprehensive Income. Re-measurement are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods. Ind AS 19 requires the exercise of judgment in relation to various assumptions including future pay rises, inflation and discount rates and employee and pensioner demographics. The Company determines the assumptions in conjunction with its actuaries, and believes these assumptions to be in line with best practice, but the application of different assumptions could have a significant effect on the amounts reflected in the income statement, other comprehensive income and balance sheet. There may be also interdependency between some of the assumptions.

b) Defined-contribution plan:

Under defined contribution plans, provident fund, the Company pays pre-defined amounts to separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to pay additional sums. Defined Contribution plan comprise of contributions to the employees' provident fund, superannuation fund and certain state plans. The Company's payments to the defined contribution plans are recognised as expenses during the period in which the employees perform the services.

c) Other employee benefits:

(a) Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability at the present value of the obligation as at the Balance sheet date determined based on an actuarial valuation.

(b) Undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognised during the period when the employee renders the related services.

13. Taxes on Income:

Income tax comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax expense is recognized in the statement of profit and loss except to the extent it relates to items directly recognized in equity or in other comprehensive income.

Current tax is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit is different from accounting profit due to temporary differences between accounting and tax treatments, and due to items that are never taxable or tax deductible. Tax provisions are included in current liabilities. Interest and penalties on tax liabilities are provided for in the tax charge. The Company offsets, the current tax assets and liabilities (on a year on year basis) where it has a legally enforceable right and where it intends to settle such assets and liabilities on a net basis or to realise the assets and liabilities on net basis.

Deferred income tax is recognized using the balance sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount in financial statements. Deferred income tax asset are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are not recognised where it is more likely than the assets will not be realised in the future. The carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilized. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date..

Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Minimum Alternative Tax ('MAT') credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income-tax during the specified period. The Company reviews the same at each balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT credit entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that Company will pay normal income-tax during the specified period.

14. Borrowing Costs:

General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalized as a part of Cost of that assets, during the period till all the activities necessary to prepare the Qualifying assets for its intended use or sale are complete. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.Borrowing cost include exchange difference arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.Other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.

15. Earnings Per Share:

Basic earnings per shares are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss after tax for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to the equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

16. Leases:

As a Lessee:

The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether:

(i) the contract involves the use of an identified asset;

(ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease; and

(iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.

At the date of commencement of the lease, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset ("ROU") and a corresponding lease liability for all lease arrangements in which it is a lessee, except for leases with a term of twelve months or less (short-term leases) and low value leases. For these short-term and low value leases, the Company recognizes the lease payments as an operating expense on a straightline basis over the term of the lease.

The right-of-use assets are initially recognized at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or prior to the commencement date of the lease plus any initial direct costs less any lease incentives. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.

Right-of-use assets are depreciated from the commencement date on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and useful life of the underlying asset. Right of use assets are evaluated for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. For the purpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the Cash Generating Unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.

The lease liability is initially measured at amortized cost at the present value of the future lease payments. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if not readily determinable, using the incremental borrowing rates. Lease liabilities are remeasured with a corresponding adjustment to the related right of use asset if the Company changes its assessment if whether it will exercise an extension or a termination option.

A lease liability is remeasured upon the occurrence of certain events such as a change in the lease term or a change in an index or rate used to determine lease payments. The re-measurement normally also adjusts the leased assets. Lease liability and ROU asset have been separately presented in the Balance Sheet and lease payments have been classified as financing cash flows.

17. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:

A provision is recognised if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation.

Provisions for onerous contracts are recognized when the expected benefits to be derived by the Company from a contract are lower than the unavoidable costs of meeting the future obligations under the contract. A disclosure for contingent liabilities is made where there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may probably not require an outflow of resources or an obligation for which the future outcome cannot be ascertained with reasonable certainty. When there is a possible or a present obligation where the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in financial statements.