A. Corporate Information

Surat Trade And Mercantile Limited (the 'Company') (Formerly known as Surat Textile Mills Limited) is domiciled in India. The Company's registered office is at 6th Floor, Tulsi Krupa Arcade, Puna-Kumbharia Road, Dumbhal, Surat-395010. The Company is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). The Company is presently engaged in the business of trading in commodities and commodity related activities.

B. Material Accounting Policies

B.1. Basis for Preparation of Financial Statements:

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the 'Ind AS') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended from time to time.

The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value and assets held for sale are measured at the lower of its carrying amount fair value less cost to sell at the end of each reporting period. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the considerations given in exchange for goods and services. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

Items included in the Financial Statements of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates ('functional currency'). The Financial Statements of the Company are presented in Indian currency (Rs. ), which is also the functional and presentation currency of the Company, and all values are rounded to the nearest Lakhs with two decimal, except when otherwise indicated.

The financial statements are approved for issue by the Company's Board of Directors on 27th May, 2025.

B.2. Key Sources of Estimation:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires that management of the Company makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of income and expenses of the period, the reported balances of assets and liabilities and the disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as on the date of the financial statements. Examples of such estimates include:

(i) The useful lives and Residual value of Property, Plant and Equipment

(ii) Income Tax Assets / Liabilities

(iii) Allowance for Expected Credit Loss of Financial Assets

(iv) Future Obligations in Respect of Retirement Benefit Plans

(v) Differences, if any, between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the period in which the results are known

(vi) Fair value of Investments

Critical Accounting Judgements and Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty

In the application of the Company's accounting policies, which are described above, the Management of the Company are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are

based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

(i) Impairment of Property, Plant and Equipment:

Determining whether property, plant and equipment is impaired requires an estimation of the value in use of the cash-generating unit. The value in use calculation requires to estimate the future cash flows expected to arise from the cash-generating unit and a suitable discount rate in order to calculate present value. When the actual future cash flows are less than expected, a material impairment loss may arise.

(ii) Useful Lives and Residual Value of Property, Plant and Equipment:

The Company reviews the estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment at the end of each reporting period. During the current year, there are no major changes required to the useful lives of assets.

(iii) Provision for Litigations and Contingencies:

The provision for litigations and contingencies are determined based on evaluation made by the management of the present obligation arising from past events the settlement of which is expected to result in outflow of resources embodying economic benefits, which involves judgements around estimating the ultimate outcome of such past events and measurement of the obligation amount. Due to the judgements involved in such estimations the provisions are sensitive to the actual outcome in future periods.

(iv) Allowance for Expected Credit Losses :

The expected credit allowance is based on the ageing of the days receivables which are past due and the rates derived based on past history of defaults in the provision matrix.

(v) Income Tax:

Significant judgements are involved in determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid/recovered for uncertain tax positions.

(vi) Leases:

The Company evaluates if an arrangement qualifies to be a lease as per the requirements of Ind AS 116. Identification of a lease requires significant judgement. The Company uses judgement in assessing whether a contract (or part of contract) include a lease, the lease term (including anticipated renewals), the applicable discount rate, variable lease payments whether are in-substance fixed. The judgement involves assessment of whether the asset included in the contract is a fully or partly identified asset based on the facts and circumstances, whether the contract include a lease and non-lease component and if so, separation thereof for the purpose of recognition and measurement, determination of lease term basis, inter alia the non-cancellable period of lease and whether the lessee intends to opt for continuing with the use of the asset upon the expiry thereof, and whether the lease payments are fixed are variable or a combination of both.

B.3. Current versus Non-current Classification

Assets and liabilities are classified as Current or Non-Current as per the provisions of the Schedule III notified under the Companies Act, and the Company's normal operating cycle.

An asset is treated as current when it is:

(i) Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle;

(ii) Held primarily for the purpose of trading;

(iii) Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

(iv) Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when:

(i) It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle;

(ii) It is held primarily for the purpose of trading;

(iii) It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

(iv) There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. Based on the nature of business and its activities, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as twelve months for the purpose of Current & Non-Current classification of assets and liabilities.

B.4. Property, Plant and Equipments and Other Intangible Assets:

Property, plant and equipment held for use in production or supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation less accumulated impairment, if any. The cost of fixed assets comprises its purchase price net of any trade discounts and rebates, any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the tax authorities), any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use, and interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up to the date the asset is ready for its intended use.

Intangible assets acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost of a nonmonetary asset acquired in exchange of another non-monetary asset is measured at fair value. Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Capital work-in-progress for production, supply of administrative purposes is carried at cost less accumulated impairment loss, if any, until construction and installation are complete and the asset is ready for its intended use.

Depreciation Methods, Estimated Useful Lives and Residual Value

Depreciation is recognized (other than on capital work-in-progress) on a straight line method over the estimated useful lives of assets. Depreciation on assets acquired/ purchased, sold/discarded during the year is provided on a pro-rata basis from the date of each addition till the date of sale/retirement. The estimated useful lives of assets are stated below:

*Estimated Useful life of assets consistent with the useful life specified in the Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

The economic useful lives of assets is assessed based on a technical evaluation, taking into account the nature of assets, the estimated usage of assets, the operating conditions of the assets, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, maintenance history, etc. The estimated useful life is reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with effect of any change in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis.

Where the cost of part of the asset is significant to the total cost of the assets and the useful life of that part is different from the useful of the remaining asset, useful life of that significant part is determined separately. Depreciation of such significant part, if any, is based on the useful life of that part.

Freehold land is not depreciated.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment, determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Leases:

The Company, as a lessee, recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for its leasing arrangements, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset.

The contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, if it involves the use of an identified asset and the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset and has right to direct the use of the identified asset. The cost of the right-of-use asset shall comprise of the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date plus any initial direct costs incurred. The right-of-use assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset.

The Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date of the lease. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company uses incremental borrowing rate. For short-term and low value leases, the Company recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

B.5. Investment Property:

The Company had applied for the one time transition exemption of considering the carrying cost on the transition date i.e. 1st April, 2015 as the deemed cost under IND AS, regarded thereafter as historical cost. Property that is held for long-term rental yields or for capital appreciation or both, and that is not occupied by the Company, is classified as investment property. Investment property is measured at its cost, including related transaction costs and where applicable borrowing costs less depreciation and impairment if any.

B.6. Impairment of Tangible Assets:

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of tangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss, if any. When it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of individual asset, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit to which an individual asset belongs. When a reasonable and consistent basis of allocation can be identified, corporate assets are also allocated to individual cash-generating units, or otherwise they are allocated to the smallest group of cash-generating units for which a reasonable and consistent allocation basis can be identified.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing, value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessment of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or a cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have determined had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. The reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

B.7. Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Costs incurred in bringing each product to its present location and condition is accounted for as follows:

Traded goods: cost includes cost of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is determined on weighted average basis.

Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price for inventories less all estimated cost of completion and costs necessary to make the sale.

B.8. Revenue Recognition:

Revenue towards satisfaction of a performance obligation is measured at the amount of transaction price (net of variable consideration) allocated to that performance obligation. The transaction price of goods sold and services rendered is net of variable consideration on account of various discounts and schemes offered by the Company as part of the contract.

The Company applies the five-step approach for recognition of revenue.

• Identification of contract(s) with customers;

• Identification of the separate performance obligations in the contract;

• Determination of transaction price;

• Allocation of transaction price to the separate performance obligations; and

• Recognition of revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied.

Interest Income from a financial asset is recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset's net carrying amount on initial recognition.

Eligible export incentives are recognised in the year in which the conditions precedent is met and there is significant certainty about the collectability.

Revenue in respect of other income is recognised to the extent that the Company is reasonably certain of its ultimate realisation.

B.9. Foreign Currencies:

The financial statements are presented in Indian rupees, which is the functional currency of the Company.

Transactions in currencies other than the Company's functional currency are recognized at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the closing exchange rate prevailing as at the reporting date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate prevailing at the date of initial recognition (in case measured at historical cost) or at the rate prevailing at the date when the fair value is determined (in case measured at fair value).

Foreign exchange differences are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they arise except for exchange difference on foreign currency borrowings relating to assets under construction for future productive use, which are included in the cost of those assets when they are regarded as an adjustment to interest cost on those foreign currency borrowings.

B.10. Employee Benefits:

Short-term Employee Benefits

A liability is recognized for benefits accruing to employees in respect of wages and salaries in the period the related service is rendered at the undiscounted amount of the benefit that is expected to be paid in exchange for that service.

Other Long-term Employee Benefits

The liability for earned leave is not expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service.

They are therefore measured as the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period using the projected unit credit method with actuarial valuations being carried out at each balance sheet date. The benefits are discounted using the discount rates for government securities. at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Remeasurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized in other comprehensive income.

Post-Employment Benefits

(i) Defined Contribution Plans:

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit plans are recognized as expenses when the employees have rendered the service entitling them to the contribution.

Provident Fund: The employees of the Company are entitled to receive benefits in respect of provident fund, a defined contribution plan, in which both employees and the Company make monthly contributions at a specified percentage of the covered employees' basic salary (currently 12% of employees' basic salary). The contributions as specified under the law are made to the provident fund and pension fund administered by the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. The Company recognizes such contributions as an expense when incurred.

(ii) Defined Benefit Plans:

For defined benefit retirement plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period. Remeasurements, comprising actuarial gains and losses, the effect of changes to asset ceiling (if applicable) and the return on plan assets (excluding net interest), is recognized in other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements recognized in other comprehensive income are reflected immediately in retained earnings and is not reclassified to profit or loss. Past service cost is recognized in the Statement of Profit or Loss in the period of plan amendment.

Defined benefit costs comprising service cost (including current and past service cost and gains and losses on curtailments and settlements) and net interest expense or income is recognized in profit and loss.

The defined benefit obligation recognized in the balance sheet represents the actual deficit or surplus in the Company's defined benefit plans. Any surplus resulting from this calculation is limited to the present value of any economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plans or reductions in future contributions to the plans.

The obligations are presented as current liabilities in the balance sheet if the entity does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting period, regardless of when the actual settlement is expected to occur.

Gratuity: The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees. The plan provides for a lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death while in employment or on termination of employment of an amount equivalent to 15/26 days salary payable for each completed year of service. Vesting occurs upon completion of five years of service. The Company accounts for the liability for gratuity benefits payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation carried out at each balance sheet date using the projected unit credit method and the same is unfunded.

Other benefit plans: Liability in respect of compensated absences becoming due or expected to be availed within one year from the reporting date is recognised on the basis of undiscounted value of estimated amount required to be paid or estimated value of benefit expected to be availed by the employees.

Liability in respect of compensated absences becoming due or expected to be availed more than one year after the reporting date is estimated on the basis of an actuarial valuation performed by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the standalone statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

(iii) Termination Benefits:

Termination benefits such as compensation under employee separation schemes are recognised as expense in the period in which they are incurred.

B.11. Borrowing Costs:

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Interest income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing cost eligible for capitalization. All other borrowing costs are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred.

B.12. Taxation:

Income tax expense represents the sum of tax currently payable and deferred tax.

Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on the taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit before tax as reported in the statement of profit or loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The current tax is calculated using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period.

Advance taxes and provisions for current income taxes are presented in the balance sheet after offsetting advance tax paid and income tax provision arising in the same tax jurisdiction and where the relevant tax paying units intends to settle the asset and liability on net basis.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profits. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognized if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. In addition, deferred tax liabilities are not recognized if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill.

The carrying amount of deferred tax asset is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset is realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the relevant entity intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.

Current tax and Deferred tax for the year

Current and deferred tax are recognized in the Statement of Profit or Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

B.13. Provisions and Contingent Liabilities:

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognized as provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of time value of money is material).

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognized as an asset it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.

Contingent Liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

B.14. Financial Instruments:

Financial assets and liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments and are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or liabilities on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in profit and loss.

(A) Financial Assets

a) Initial Recognition and Measurement

All financial assets are recognized initially at fair value, plus in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. However, trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are measured at transaction price.

b) Subsequent Measurement

(i) Financial Assets Carried at Amortised Cost (AC)

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

(ii) Financial Assets at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI)

A financial asset is measured at FVTOCI if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

(iii) Financial Assets at Fair Value through Profit or Loss (FVTPL)

A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are measured at FVTPL.Fair value changes on an equity instrument is recognised in 'other income' in the standalone statement of profit and loss unless the Company has elected to measure such instrument at FVTOQ.

(iv) Investment in Subsidiaries, Associates and Joint Ventures

The Company accounts for its investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint venture at cost as per requirements of Ind AS 27.

c) Other Equity Investments

All other equity investments are measured at fair value, with value changes recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss, except for those equity investments for which the Company has elected to present the value changes in 'Other Comprehensive Income'.

d) Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivative financial instruments such as forward contracts, option contracts and cross currency swaps to hedge its foreign currency risks are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value with changes in fair value recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period when they arise.

e) Impairment of Financial Assets

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company uses 'Expected Credit Loss' (ECL) model, for evaluating impairment of financial assets other than those measured at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL).

Expected credit losses are measured through a loss allowance at an amount equal to:

* The 12-months expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from those default events on the financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date); OR

* Full lifetime expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the life of the financial instrument).

For trade receivables Company applies 'simplified approach' which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables. The Company uses historical default rates to determine impairment loss on the portfolio of trade receivables. At every reporting date these historical default rates are reviewed and changes in the forward booking estimates are analysed.

For other assets, the Company uses 12 month ECL to provide for impairment loss where there is no significant increase in credit risk. If there is significant increase in credit risk full lifetime ECL is used.

f) Derecognition of Financial Assets

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or it transfers the financial asset and the transfer qualifies for derecognition under Ind AS 109 - Financial Instruments.

For financial assets that are measured at FVTOCI, income by way of interest and dividend, provision for impairment and exchange difference, if any, (on debt instrument) are recognised in Profit or Loss and changes in fair value (other than on account of above income or expense) are recognised in Other Comprehensive Income and accumulated in Other equity. On disposal of debt instruments at FVTOCI, the cumulative gain or loss previously accumulated in Other equity is reclassified to Profit and Loss. In case of equity instruments at FVTOCI, such cumulative gain or loss is not reclassified to Profit and Loss on disposal of investments.

(B) Financial Liabilities

a) Initial Recognition and Measurement

All financial liabilities are recognized at fair value and in case of loans, net of directly attributable cost. Fees of recurring nature are directly recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as finance cost.

b) Subsequent Measurement

Financial liabilities are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.

c) De-Recognition

Financial liabilities are derecognized when, and only when, the obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange with a lender of a debt instruments with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of a financial liability derecognized and the consideration paid or payable is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

d) Foreign Exchange Gains and Losses

Financial liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and are measured at amortized cost at the end of each reporting period, the foreign exchange gains and losses are determined based on the amortized cost of the instruments and are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The fair value of financial liabilities denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of the reporting period. For financial liabilities that are measured at fair value through profit or loss, the foreign exchange component forms part of the fair value gains or losses and is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

B.15. Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and unencumbered, highly liquid bank and other balances (with original maturity of three months or less) that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

B.16. Statement of Cash Flow:

Cash flow statement is prepared segregating the cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities. Cash flow from operating activities is reported using indirect method, adjusting the net profits for the effects of:

(i) Transactions of a non-cash nature.

(ii) Any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments.

(iii) Items of income or expense associated with investing or financing cash flows.

(iv) Cash and cash equivalents (including bank balances) shown in the Statement of Cash Flows exclude items which are not available for general use as on the date of Balance Sheet.

B.17. Events after Reporting Date:

Where events occurring after the Balance Sheet date provide evidence of conditions that existed at the end of the reporting period, the impact of such events is adjusted within the financial statements. Otherwise, events after the Balance Sheet date only of material size or nature are disclosed.

B.18. Earnings per Share:

The Company reports basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) in accordance with Indian Accounting Standard 33 "Earnings per Share". Basic EPS is computed by dividing the net profit or loss attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent entity by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing the net profit or loss attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent entity by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year as adjusted for the effects of the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares dilutive potential equity shares (except where the results are anti-dilutive).

C. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Ministry of Corporate Affairs ('MCA') notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended 31st March, 2025, MCA has notified Ind AS 117 Insurance Contracts, amendments to Ind AS 116 - Leases, relating to sale and leaseback transactions, applicable w.e.f. April 1, 2024 and on May 7, 2025, MCA notifies the amendments to Ind AS 21 - Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates. These amendments aim to provide clearer guidance on assessing currency exchangeability and estimating exchange rates when currencies are not readily exchangeable. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after April 1, 2025. The Company is currently assessing the probable impact of these amendments on its financial statements. The Company has reviewed the new pronouncements and based on its evaluation has determined that it does not have any significant impact in its financial statements.