REPORTING ENTITY
S V Global Mill Ltd (S V Global or the Company) is a company registered under the erstwhile Companies Act, 1956 with its registered office at New No. 5/1, Old No. 3/1, 6th Cross Street, CIT Colony, Mylapore, Chennai -600004 and is also listed with the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited. The Company is engaged in the business of real estate.
BASIS OF PREPARATION Statement of Compliance
The Company adopted the Ind AS in preparation of the financial statements notified by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs vide Notification No. G.S.R. 111(E) dated 16th February 2015 as amended from time to time. Accordingly, the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards ('Ind AS') as prescribed under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the "Act"), read together with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended from time to time, relevant provisions of the Act and other accounting principles generally accepted in India.
Functional Currency
The management has determined the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates i.e., functional currency, to be Indian Rupees (INR). The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees ('INR') which is the Company's functional currency and presentational currency.
Basis of Measurement
The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except otherwise stated.
Significant Estimates and Judgements
The preparation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the management's best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes, requiring a material adjustment in the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities in the future periods. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised prospectively.
i. Estimation of useful life of Property, Plant and Equipment and residual values
ii. Estimation and evaluation of provisions and contingencies
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUTING POLICIES
The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these financial statements.
Current and non-current classification
All assets and liabilities are classified into current and non-current.
An asset is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:
It is expected to be realised in, or is intended for sale or consumption in, the Company's normal operating cycle;
ii. It is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;
iii. It is expected to be realised within 12 months after the reporting date; or
It is cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least 12 months after the reporting date.
Current assets include the current portion of non-current financial assets. All other assets are classified as noncurrent.
Liabilities
A liability is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:
. It is expected to be settled in the Company's normal operating cycle;
ii. It is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;
iii. It is due to be settled within 12 months after the reporting date; or
There is no an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, result in its
iv. settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification.
Current liabilities include the current portion of financial liabilities some part of which may be non-current. All other liabilities are classified as non-current.
Deferred tax assets are classified as non-current assets.
Operating cycle
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents. Based on the nature of operations and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle being a period of 12 months for the purpose of classification of assets and liabilities as current and non-current.
Property, Plant and Equipment Recognition and Measurement
Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost of acquisition is inclusive of taxes, duties, freight, installation allocated incidental expenditure during construction / acquisition, borrowing cost and necessary adjustments in the year of final settlement. The cost of Property, Plant and Equipment also includes the present value of obligations arising, if any, from decommissioning, restoration and similar liabilities related to the same. The present value of those costs (decommission and/or restoration costs) is capitalised as an asset and depreciated over the useful life of the asset.
The cost of a self-constructed item of property, plant and equipment comprises the cost of materials and direct labour, any other costs directly attributable to bringing the item to working condition for its intended use, and estimated costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.
If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.
Capital Work-in-Progress
Capital work-in-progress includes assets under construction and cost attributable to construction of assets not ready for use before the year end.
Subsequent Expenditure
Subsequent expenditure are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced.
Depreciation
Depreciation is provided on the cost of the property, plant and equipment less their estimated residual values over their estimated useful lives, and is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The company depreciates property, plant and equipment as per guidance set out in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 on written down value (WDV) method except in respect of the assets mentioned (II) below.Items of Property, Plant and Equipment are depreciated over the useful life as provided below:
Sl. No
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Category
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Useful Life
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1
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Buildings
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60
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2
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Computer & Computer Accessories
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3
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3
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Electrical Equipments
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5
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4
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Furniture & Fixtures
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5
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5
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Motor Vehicles
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8
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6
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Office Equipments
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5
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7
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Plant and Machinery
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5
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3.3 Inventories
Land and building held as Stock-in-Trade for Property Development is stated at lower of cost and net realizable value.
II. Assets costing up to INR 5,000 are depreciated fully in the Year of Purchase
III. In the year of commissioning/retirement of assets, depreciation is calculated on pro-rata basis,
IV. for the period the asset is available for use
3.4 Financial Instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Financial AssetInitial Recognition and Measurement
All financial assets are initially recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. All financial assets are initially measured at fair value plus or minus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.
Classification
The company classifies its financial assets in the following categories
i. Financial Assets at amortised cost
ii. Financial Assets measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss)
The classification depends upon the company's business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual cash flows of the financial asset.
Debt Instruments
A financial asset being 'debt instrument' is measured at the amortised cost if both of the following conditions are met:
1. The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and
2. The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
A financial asset is measured at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI), if both of the following conditions are met:
i. the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and
ii. the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI) are measured at Fair Value through Profit or Loss (FVTPL).
Equity Instruments
The Company subsequently measures all investments in equity (except of the subsidiaries/associate) at fair value. Where the company's management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss.
Subsequent Measurement
Financial assets at amortised cost: These assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The amortised cost is reduced by impairment losses, if any. Interest income and impairment are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Financial assets at FVTOCI or FVTPL: These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Net gains and losses, including any interest income, are recognised in OCI or the statement of profit and loss as the case may be. Where the company's management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss. Dividends/Interest Income from such investments are recognised in profit or loss as other income when the Company's right to receive payments is established.
Impairment
The Company recognizes loss allowances using the Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for the financial assets which are not fair valued through profit or loss.
Loss allowance for trade receivables with no significant financing component is measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL.
For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month ECL, unless there has been a significant increase in credit risk from initial recognition, in which case those financial assets are measured at lifetime ECL. The changes (incremental or reversal) in loss allowance computed using ECL model, is recognised as an impairment gain or loss in the statement of profit and loss.
Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVTOCI are not reported separately. Where the Company elects to measure FVTPL, changes in the fair value of such financial assets are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Derecognition
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and it does not retain control of the financial asset. Any gain or loss on derecognition is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Financial LiabilityRecognition and initial measurement
All financial liabilities are initially recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. All financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value minus, in the case of financial liabilities not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the liability.
Classification and subsequent measurement
Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortised cost. Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Interest expenses are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Derecognition
The Company derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire.
The Company also derecognises a financial liability when its terms are modified and the cash flows under the modified terms are substantially different. In this case, a new financial liability based on modified terms is recognised at fair value. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability extinguished and the new financial liability with modified terms is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Any gain or loss on derecognition is also recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Offsetting
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the Balance Sheet when, and only when, the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
3.5 Investment in subsidiaries / associates:
Investment in subsidiaries / associates is measured at cost less provision for impairment.
3.6 Cash Flow Statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit/(loss) before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, financing and investing activities of the Company are segregated.
3.7 Cash and cash equivalents
Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. If it is no longer probable that the outflow of resources would be required to settle the obligation, the provision is reversed.
Contingent assets are not recognised in the financial statements. However, contingent assets are assessed continually and if it is virtually certain that an economic benefit will arise, the asset and related income are recognised in the period in which the change occurs.
3.8 Impairment of non-financial assets
The carrying amounts of the Company's non-financial assets, are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset's recoverable amount. Impairment losses are provided for Cash Generating Units (CGU) and also for individual assets.
When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount and is recognised in the Statement of Profit & Loss
"On review of impairment loss at the end of each reporting period, if the carrying value of an individual asset increases, reversal of impairment loss is made to the extent that it does not exceed the carrying amount of such asset. In case of a CGU, reversal of impairment loss, if any, is allocated pro rata to the individual assets of the CGU."
3.9 Prior period items, accounting estimates and effect of change in Accounting Policy
Prior period errors of material nature, are corrected retrospectively by restating the comparative amounts for the prior period(s) presented in which the error occurred or if the error occurred before the earliest prior period presented, restating the opening balances of assets, liabilities and equity for the earliest prior period presented.
The effect of change in accounting estimate is recognised prospectively in the Statement of Profit and Loss except where they relate to assets and liabilities, the same is recognised by adjusting the carrying amount of related assets/liability/equity in the period of change.
Changes in accounting policy due to initial application of Ind AS are dealt with in accordance with specific transitional provisions, if any in the Ind AS. In other cases, the changes in accounting policy are recognised retrospectively, the application of such change is limited to the earliest period practicable.
3.10 Events occurring after the balance sheet date
Events occurring after the balance sheet date are those events that occur between the end of the reporting period and the date when the financial statements are approved by the Board of Directors. Such events are disclosed or given effect to in the financial statements as provided for in Ind AS 10.
3.11 Revenue
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue should be recognised initially at transaction price when the entity satisfies the performance obligation.
Revenue from cancellation of contracts
Revenue from cancellation of contracts in the usual course of real estate business is recognised when the compensation/interest/fee payable to the company is determined and agreed between the parties.
Revenue from Rentals
Revenue includes revenue earned through rental of company's properties invoiced for fixed monthly charges or on time proportionate basis.
Interest Income
Interest income from debt instruments is recognized using the effective interest rate method. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the gross carrying value of a financial asset. While calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options), but does not consider the expected credit losses.
Dividend
Dividend income is recognized in the Profit and Loss account when the right to receive the same is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company, and the amount of dividend can be reliably measured.
Others
Sale proceeds of scrap are taken to other non-operating income in the year of disposal.
3.12 Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds. Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences in respect of long-term foreign currency liabilities of the respective asset to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing costs.
Borrowing costs (net of interest earned on temporary investments) directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the asset. Interest is computed on weighted average cost of funds deployed.
All other borrowing costs are expensed in the year in which they occur
Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation.
3.13 Income Taxes
Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. It is recognized in profit and loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognized directly in equity or in OCI.
Current Tax
Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year and any adjustment to the tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. The amount of current tax is the best estimate of the tax amount expected to be paid or received that reflects uncertainty related to income taxes, if any. It is measured using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset only if there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts, and it is intended to realise the asset and settle the liability on a net basis or simultaneously.
Deferred Tax
Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not recognized for:
i. temporary differences on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit and loss;
ii. temporary differences related to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that the Company is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future; and
Deferred tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised; such reductions are reversed when the probability of future taxable profits improves.
Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used.
Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and liabilities will be realised simultaneously.
Minimum Alternate Tax
Minimum Alternative Tax ('MAT') expense under the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961 is recognised as an asset when it is probable that future economic benefit associated with it in the form of adjustment of future income tax liability, will flow to the Company and the asset can be measured reliably. MAT credit entitlement is set off to the extent allowed in the year in which the Company becomes liable to pay income taxes at the enacted tax rates. MAT credit entitlement is reviewed at each reporting date and is written down to reflect the amount that is reasonably certain to be set off in future years against the future income tax liability.
3.14 Earnings per Share
The Company presents basic and diluted earnings/ (loss) per share (EPS) data for its equity shares. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit or loss attributable to equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
3.15 Provisions and Contingencies Provisions
A provision is recorded when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when products are sold based on technical evaluation.
Contingent liabilities
Wherever there is a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity or a present obligation that arises from past events but is not recognised because (a) it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; or (b) the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability. Show cause notices are not considered as Contingent Liabilities unless converted into demand.
Contingent Assets
Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements.
3.16 Segment Reporting
The operating segments used to present segment information are identified on the based on the information reported to the Board of Directors who is chief operating decision maker (CODM) for the purposes of resources allocation and assessment of segment performance. The operating segments have been identified on the basis of the nature of products / services. Revenue directly attributable to the segments is considered as segment revenue. Expenses directly attributable to the segments and common expenses allocated on a reasonable basis are considered as segment expenses
3.17 LeasesDetermination whether a contract contains a lease
The company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease at the inception of a contract.
A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
At inception or on reassessment of the arrangement that contains a lease, the payments and other consideration required by such an arrangement are separated into those for the lease and those for other elements on the basis of their relative stand-alone prices.
Where the Company is the lessee Initial Recognition and Measurement
The Company recognises right to use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date.
Right to use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any incentives received.
Lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commence date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease of, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the company's incremental borrowing rate.
Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the following:
i. Fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments;
ii. Variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the commencement date;
iii. Amounts expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee; and
iv. The exercise price under a purchase option that the company is reasonably certain to exercise, lease payments in an optional renewal period if the company is reasonably certain to exercise an extension period, and penalties for early termination of a lease unless the company is reasonably certain not to terminate early.
Subsequent Measurement
Right to use asset is subsequently depreciated using the written-down value method from the commencement date to the earlier of end of useful life of the right to use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right to use assets are determined on the same basis as those of the property, plant and equipment. In addition, the right to use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurement of the lease liability.
The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in the future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in company's estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if the company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option.
Upon remeasurement of lease liability as above, corresponding adjustment is made out to the carrying amount of the right to use asset, or is recorded in the statement of profit & loss, when the carrying amount of the right to use asset is reduced to zero.
Where the Company is the lessor
The company determines at inception whether each lease is a finance lease or an operating lease. Where the lease transfers substantially all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlying asset, it is classified as a finance lease. If not, then as an operating lease.
The lease payments received under operating leases as income on a straight-line basis over
the lease term.
In case of a finance lease, at the commencement date, the company recognises the assets held under a finance lease in its balance sheet and present them as a receivable at an amount equal to the net investment in the lease. Finance income will be recognised over the lease term, based on a pattern reflecting a constant periodic rate of return on the company's net investment in the lease.
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