2 Summary of Material Accounting Policies
2.1 Basis of Accounting ;
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. Pursuant to section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7(1) of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, till the standards of accounting or any addendum thereto are prescribed by Central Government in consultation and recommendation of the National Financial Reporting Authority, the existing Accounting Standards notified under the Companies Act, 1956 shall continue to apply. Consequently, these financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with the accounting standards notified under Section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 [Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006,as amended] and other relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III (Division I) to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current -non-current classification of assets and liabilities.
2.2 Use of Estimates ;
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the result of operations during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon management's best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates.
2.3 Tangible Assets and Intangible Assets ;
Tangible Assets are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises of the purchase price including import duties and non-refundable taxes, and directly attributable expenses incurred to bring the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of being operated in the manner intended by management. Subsequent costs related to an item of Property, Plant and Equipment are recognised in the carrying amount of the item if the recognition criteria are met.
Items of Property, Plant and Equipment that have been retired from active use and are held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net carrying amount and net realisable value and are shown separately in the financial statements under the head ‘Other current assets'. Any write-down in this regard is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
An item of Property, Plant and Equipment is derecognised on disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. The gain or loss arising on derecognition is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
2.4 Capital Work-In-Progress
Capital Work-In-Progress is carried at cost, comprising direct cost and related Incidental expenses.
2.5 Depreciation and Amortisation ;
Depreciation on fixed assets is being provided on straight line method at the rates in the manner specified in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. Depreciation on assets sold, scrapped or demolished during the year is being provided at their respective rates up to the date in which such assets are sold, scrapped. Depreciation / Amortisation of Intangibles is in compliance with AS 26 to the extent applicable. The expenditure incurred on Lease Hold premises is depreciated over the Lease period.
2.6 Borrowing Costs ;
Borrowing costs include interest and other costs incurred in connection with borrowing. General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred. The same is in compliance with AS-16 to the extent applicable.
2.7 Impairment of Assets ;
An Asset is impaired when the carrying cost of the assets exceeds its recoverable value. An impairment loss is charged when an asset identified as impaired. The impairment loss recognized in prior accounting year is reversed if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
2.8 Investments ;
Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long term investments. Current investments are carried at cost or fair value, whichever is lower. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of long-term investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually.
2.9 Inventories ;
i) Inventories are valued at lower of cost or Net Realisable Value.
ii) Cost of inventories have been computed to include all cost of purchases, cost of conversion and other costs incurrred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition
iii) The basis of determining cost for various categories of inventories is as follows:
a) Stores, Spare parts, Packing material : At Cost
b) Raw material : At Cost
c) Finished Goods : At lower of cost or net realizable value
2.10 Transactions in Foreign Currency ;
Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transaction. Monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities are translated into Indian rupees at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. All exchange differences are dealt with in Profit and Loss Account. In the case of assets and liabilities covered by Forward contracts, the difference between the exchange rate at the inception of forward exchange contract and the forward rate specified in the contract is amortised and recognized in the statement of profit and loss over the period of the contract. Premium or discount on foreign exchange forward contract are amortised and recognized in the statement of profit and loss over the period of the contract. The same is in compliance with AS-11 to the extent applicable.
2.11 Revenue Recognition ;
i) Sale of Goods:
Sales are recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer as per the terms of the contract, which coincides with the delivery of goods and are recognised net of trade discounts, rebates, sales taxes and excise duties.
ii) Other Income:
Interest: Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
Dividend: Dividend income is recognised when the right to receive dividend is established.
Other revenue : Other Revenue is recognized only when it is reasonably certain that the ultimate collection will be made. The same is in compliance with AS-9 to the extent applicable.
2.12 Retirement and other employee benefits (AS 15);
Defined Contribution Plan : The company makes defined contribution to Provident Fund, which are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account on accrual basis.
Defined Benefit Plan : The company's liability under Payment of Gratuity Act is determined on the basis of actuarial valuation provisional made at the end of financial year. Provision for leave entitlement accounted on accrual basis at the end of the financial year.
2.13 Current and Deferred Tax ;
Tax expense for the period, comprising current tax and deferred tax, are included in the determination of the net profit or loss for the period. Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the prevailing taxation laws.
Deferred tax is recognised for all the timing differences, subject to the consideration of prudence in respect of deferred tax assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. In situations, where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward losses under tax laws, all deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits. At each Balance Sheet date, the Company re-assesses unrecognised deferred tax assets, if any.
Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off assets against liabilities representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. Such asset is reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and the carrying amount of the MAT credit asset is written down to the extent there is no longer a convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period.
|