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PERSISTENT SYSTEMS LTD.

04 July 2025 | 12:00

Industry >> IT Consulting & Software

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ISIN No INE262H01021 BSE Code / NSE Code 533179 / PERSISTENT Book Value (Rs.) 357.03 Face Value 5.00
Bookclosure 14/07/2025 52Week High 6789 EPS 89.84 P/E 65.63
Market Cap. 91889.16 Cr. 52Week Low 4149 P/BV / Div Yield (%) 16.51 / 0.59 Market Lot 1.00
Security Type Other

AUDITOR'S REPORT

You can view full text of the latest Director's Report for the company.
Year End :2025-03 

5. We have determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be communicated in our report.

1. We have audited the accompanying standalone financial statements of Persistent Systems Limited (‘the Company’),
which comprise the Standalone Balance Sheet as at 31 March 2025, the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss
(including Other Comprehensive Income), the Standalone Statement of Cash Flow and the Standalone Statement
of Changes in Equity for the year then ended, and notes to the standalone financial statements, including material
accounting policy information and other explanatory information.

2. In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, the aforesaid standalone
financial statements give the information required by the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act’) in the manner so required
and give a true and fair view in conformity with the Indian Accounting Standards (‘Ind AS’) specified under section

133 of the Act read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and other accounting principles
generally accepted in India, of the state of affairs of the Company as at 31 March 2025, and its profit (including other
comprehensive income), its cash flows and the changes in equity for the year ended on that date.

Basis for Opinion

3. We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards on Auditing specified under section 143(10) of the Act.

Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the
Standalone Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code
of Ethics issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (‘ICAI’) together with the ethical requirements that

are relevant to our audit of the standalone financial statements under the provisions of the Act and the rules thereunder,
and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the Code of Ethics. We
believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Key Audit Matters

4. Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the
standalone financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the
standalone financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion
on these matters.

No.

Key audit matter

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

1.

Accuracy of revenues and onerous obligations in

Our audit procedures relating to accuracy of revenues and

respect of fixed-price contracts

Refer Note 3.2(a) to notes forming part of the

onerous obligations in respect of fixed-price contracts
included but were not limited to the following:

standalone financial statements.

• Obtained an understanding of the systems, processes
and controls implemented by management for

The Company has entered into various fixed-price

calculating and recording revenue, and the associated

software development contracts, for which revenue

unbilled revenue, unearned and deferred revenue

is recognized by the Company using the percentage
of completion computed as per the Input method

balances, and onerous contract obligations;

prescribed under Ind AS 115 ‘Revenue from Contracts

• Evaluated the design and tested operating effectiveness

with Customers’ (‘Ind AS 115’). Revenue recognition

of related internal financial manual controls and involved

in such contracts involves exercise of significant

auditor’s experts to:

judgement by the management and the following

• Test key IT controls over IT environment in which the

factors requiring significant auditor attention:

business systems operate, including access controls,

• High inherent risk around accuracy of revenue,

segregation of duties, program change controls,

given the customized and complex nature of these

program development controls and IT operation

contracts and significant involvement of information

controls;

technology (IT) systems.

• Test the IT controls over the completeness and

• High estimation uncertainty relating to

accuracy of cost / efforts and revenue reports

determination of the progress of each contract,

generated by the system; and

costs incurred till date and additional costs required

• Test the access and application controls pertaining

to complete the remaining contract.

to allocation of resources and budgeting systems

• Identification and determination of onerous

which prevents the unauthorized changes to

contracts and related obligations.

recording of efforts incurred and controls relating
to the estimation of contract efforts required to

• Determination of unbilled revenue receivables and
unearned revenue related to these contracts as at

complete the project;

end of reporting period.

• Selected a sample of contracts and performed a

retrospective review of efforts incurred with estimated

Considering the materiality of the amounts involved,

efforts to identify significant variations and verify

and significant degree of judgement and subjectivity

whether those variations have been considered in

involved in the estimates as mentioned above, we have

estimating the remaining efforts to complete the

identified revenue recognition for fixed price contracts
and determination of onerous contracts and related

contract;

provisions, as a key audit matter for the current year

• Reviewed a sample of contracts with unbilled revenues

audit.

to identify possible delays in achieving milestones,
which require change in estimated efforts to complete
the remaining performance obligations;

• Performed analytical procedures for reasonableness of
incurred and estimated efforts;

• Evaluated management’s identification of onerous
contracts based on estimates tested as above; and

• Evaluated the appropriateness of disclosures made
in the standalone financial statements with respect
to revenue recognized during the year as required by
applicable Indian Accounting Standards.

No. Key audit matter

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

2. Valuation of Employee Stock Option Plan (‘ESOP’)

Refer note 3.3(q) and note 34 to the standalone

Our audit procedures relating to valuation of ESOP
included but were not limited to the following:

financial statements.

The Company has framed various ESOP schemes

• Obtained an understanding of the terms and
arrangements of Employee Stock Option Plans;

for its employees under which the Company pays

• Evaluated the design and tested operating effectiveness

remuneration to its employees for services received

of internal financial controls over the methodology,

in the form of equity-settled share based payment

models and assumptions used by the management

transactions.

In accordance with the principles of Ind AS 102

to determine the fair value of options granted during
the year;

‘Share Based Payments’ (‘Ind AS 102’), the fair value

• Evaluated competency and objectivity of valuation

of aforesaid employee stock options determined as

specialist hired by the management;

at the date of their grant is recognised as employee

• Reviewed the report from management’s valuation

compensation cost by the Company over the vesting

specialist considered for valuation of options granted

period of such options.

during the year;

The fair valuation of options granted to employees

• Assessed the reasonableness of the management

for the services rendered is performed by external

assumptions and estimates and verified the accuracy of

valuation specialists using Black-Scholes valuation

inputs used for the valuation purpose on a sample basis;

model which requires the management to make

• Involved auditor’s valuation expert to assist in validating

certain key estimates and assumptions including

the valuation assumptions, methodology and approach

expected volatility, dividend yield, risk-free interest rate,

considered by the management’s expert; and

performance factor, attrition rate and non-acceptance

ascertained arithmetical accuracy of computation of

factors.

share-based payment expense; and

Considering significant management judgment and

• Evaluated the appropriateness of disclosures made in

materiality of amounts involved, valuation of ESOP

the Standalone financial statements with respect to

reserve and expense is considered as a key audit matter

share based payments as required by applicable Indian

for the current year audit.

Accounting Standards.

Information other than the Financial Statements and Auditor’s Report thereon

6. The Company’s Board of Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the
information included in the Annual Report, but does not include the standalone financial statements and our auditor’s
report thereon. The Annual Report is expected to be made available to us after the date of this auditor’s report.

Our opinion on the standalone financial statements does not cover the other information and we will not express any form
of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the standalone financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information
identified above when it becomes available and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially
inconsistent with the standalone financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be
materially misstated.

When we read the Annual Report, if we conclude that there is a material misstatement therein, we are required to
communicate the matter to those charged with governance.

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Standalone Financial Statements

7. The accompanying standalone financial statements have been approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The
Company’s Board of Directors are responsible for the matters stated in section 134(5) of the Act with respect to the
preparation and presentation of these standalone financial statements that give a true and fair view of the financial
position, financial performance including other comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows of the Company
in accordance with the Ind AS specified under section 133 of the Act and other accounting principles generally accepted
in India. This responsibility also includes maintenance of adequate accounting records in accordance with the provisions
of the Act for safeguarding of the assets of the Company and for preventing and detecting frauds and other irregularities;
selection and application of appropriate accounting policies; making judgments and estimates that are reasonable
and prudent; and design, implementation and maintenance of adequate internal financial controls, that were operating
effectively for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of the accounting records, relevant to the preparation and
presentation of the financial statements that give a true and fair view and are free from material misstatement, whether
due to fraud or error.

8. In preparing the standalone financial statements, the Board of Directors is responsible for assessing the Company’s ability
to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern
basis of accounting unless the Board of Directors either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has
no realistic alternative but to do so.

9. The Board of Directors is also responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting process.

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Standalone Financial Statements

10. Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the standalone financial statements as a whole are
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion.
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with
Standards on Auditing will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or
error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the
economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these standalone financial statements.

11. As part of an audit in accordance with Standards on Auditing, specified under section 143(10) of the Act we exercise
professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:

• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the standalone financial statements, whether due to fraud or error,
design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate
to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for
one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override
of internal control;

• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate
in the circumstances. Under section 143(3)(i) of the Act we are also responsible for expressing our opinion on whether
the Company has adequate internal financial controls with reference to financial statements in place and the operating
effectiveness of such controls;

• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related
disclosures made by management;

• Conclude on the appropriateness of Board of Directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the
audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant
doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are
required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the standalone financial statements or, if such
disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the
date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going
concern; and

• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the standalone financial statements, including the disclosures,
and whether the standalone financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that
achieves fair presentation.

12. We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of
the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during
our audit.

13. We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical
requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may
reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.

14. From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most
significance in the audit of the standalone financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit
matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the
matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report
because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of
such communication.

Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements

15. As required by section 197(16) of the Act based on our audit, we report that the Company has paid remuneration to its
directors during the year in accordance with the provisions of and limits laid down under section 197 read with Schedule V
to the Act.

16. As required by the Companies (Auditor’s Report) Order, 2020 (‘the Order’) issued by the Central Government of India in
terms of section 143(11) of the Act we give in the Annexure A, a statement on the matters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4
of the Order, to the extent applicable.

17. Further to our comments in Annexure A, as required by section 143(3) of the Act based on our audit, we report, to the
extent applicable, that:

a. We have sought and obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of our knowledge and belief
were necessary for the purpose of our audit of the accompanying standalone financial statements;

b. In our opinion, proper books of account as required by law have been kept by the Company so far as it appears from
our examination of those books;

c. The standalone financial statements dealt with by this report are in agreement with the books of account;

d. In our opinion, the aforesaid standalone financial statements comply with Ind AS specified under section 133
of the Act;

e. On the basis of the written representations received from the directors and taken on record by the Board of Directors,
none of the directors is disqualified as on 31 March 2025 from being appointed as a director in terms of section 164(2)
of the Act;

f. With respect to the adequacy of the internal financial controls with reference to financial statements of the Company
as on 31 March 2025 and the operating effectiveness of such controls, refer to our separate report in Annexure B
wherein we have expressed an unmodified opinion; and

g. With respect to the other matters to be included in the Auditor’s Report in accordance with rule 11 of the Companies
(Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 (as amended), in our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the
explanations given to us:

i. The Company, as detailed in note 35 to the standalone financial statements, has disclosed the impact of pending
litigations on its financial position as at 31 March 2025;

ii. The Company did not have any long-term contracts including derivative contracts for which there were any
material foreseeable losses as at 31 March 2025;

iii. There has been no delay in transferring amounts, required to be transferred, to the Investor Education and
Protection Fund by the Company during the year ended 31 March 2025;

iv. a. The management has represented that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, as disclosed in note 47

to the standalone financial statements, no funds have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from
borrowed funds or securities premium or any other sources or kind of funds) by the Company to or in
any persons or entities, including foreign entities (‘the intermediaries’), with the understanding, whether
recorded in writing or otherwise, that the intermediary shall, whether, directly or indirectly lend or invest
in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (‘the

Ultimate Beneficiaries’) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf the Ultimate Beneficiaries;

b. The management has represented that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, as disclosed in note 48
to the standalone financial statements, no funds have been received by the Company from any persons
or entities, including foreign entities (‘the Funding Parties’), with the understanding, whether recorded
in writing or otherwise, that the Company shall, whether directly or indirectly, lend or invest in other
persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (‘Ultimate
Beneficiaries’) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries; and

c. Based on such audit procedures performed as considered reasonable and appropriate in the
circumstances, nothing has come to our notice that has caused us to believe that the management
representations under sub-clauses (a) and (b) above contain any material misstatement.

v. The interim dividend declared and paid by the Company during the year ended 31 March 2025 and until the date
of this audit report is in compliance with section 123 of the Act.

The final dividend paid by the Company during the year ended 31 March 2025 in respect of such dividend
declared for the previous year is in accordance with section 123 of the Act to the extent it applies to payment
of dividend.

As stated in note 16(a) to the accompanying standalone financial statements, the Board of Directors of the
Company have proposed final dividend for the year ended 31 March 2025 which is subject to the approval of the
members at the ensuing Annual General Meeting. The dividend declared is in accordance with section 123 of the
Act to the extent it applies to declaration of dividend.

vi. As stated in in note 57 to the standalone financial statements and based on our examination which included test
checks, the Company, in respect of financial year commencing on 01 April 2024, has used an accounting software
for maintaining its books of account which has a feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility and the same

has been operated throughout the year for all relevant transactions recorded in the software. Further, during the
course of our audit we did not come across any instance of audit trail feature being tampered with. Furthermore,
the audit trail has been preserved by the Company as per the statutory requirements for record retention.

For Walker Chandiok & Co LLP

Chartered Accountants

Firm’s Registration No. 001076N/N500013

Shashi Tadwalkar

Partner

Membership No. 101797

UDIN: 25101797BMMAKE2017

Place: USA

Date: 23 April, 2025