1. We have audited the accompanying financial statements of SML Isuzu Limited (‘the Company’), which comprise the Balance Sheet as at 31 March 2024, the Statement of Profit and Loss (including Other Comprehensive Loss), the Statement of Cash Flow and the Statement of Changes in Equity for the year then ended, and notes to the financial statements, including material accounting policy information and other explanatory information.
2. In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, the aforesaid financial statements give the information required by the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act’) in the manner so required and give a true and fair view in conformity with the Indian Accounting Standards (‘Ind AS’) specified under section 133 of the Act read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended, and other accounting principles generally accepted in India, of the state of affairs of the Company as at 31 March 2024, and its profit (including other comprehensive loss), its cash flows and the changes in equity for the year ended on that date.
Basis for Opinion
3. We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards on Auditing specified under section 143(10) of the Act. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code of Ethics issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (‘ICAI’) together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements under the provisions of the Act and the rules thereunder, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the Code of Ethics. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Key Audit Matter
4. Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.
5. We have determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be communicated in our report.
Key audit matter
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How our audit addressed the key audit matter
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Revenue from Contract with Customers:
The Company generates revenue mainly from sale of commercial vehicles such as buses and trucks, and from sale of chassis and related spares, parts and accessories, to a wide range of customers through a network of dealers established across India. The Company also provides after-sales service to its customers. Refer note 2(i) to the accompanying financial statements for the accounting policies on revenue recognition and note 23 for the details of the revenue recognized during the current year.
Revenue recognition for sale of products and services in accordance with the principles of Ind AS 115 ‘Revenue from contracts with customers’ (Ind AS 115) involves certain key judgements such as identification of performance obligations, determination of transaction price of the identified performance obligations including variable consideration in the form of volume discounts, service level credits, performance bonuses, price concessions and incentives offered by the Company, assessment of satisfaction of the performance obligations using an appropriate basis to measure the transfer of control of the products sold and services rendered to the customers.
Revenue is recognised at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to the customer, after deduction of any trade discounts, volume rebates and any taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government such as goods and services tax etc. Management judgement is involved to estimate the provision for warranty, service coupons and liquidated damages to be recorded with respect to sales made during the year. Revenue is only recognised to the extent that it is highly probable a significant reversal will not occur.
Revenue is also a key performance indicator of the Company and is identified as a significant audit risk in accordance with the standards on auditing primarily as there is a risk that revenue is recognised on sale of products or services before the control is transferred. Accordingly, occurrence of revenue is a key focus area.
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Our audit procedures relating to revenue recognition
included, but were not limited to, the following
procedures:
• Understood the process of revenue recognition and evaluated the appropriateness of the revenue recognition accounting policy, adopted by the management on revenue recognition in accordance with Ind AS 115.
• Evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of relevant key control around revenue recognition for a sample of transactions.
• Selected a sample of continuing and new contracts and read the performance obligations in these contracts assessing the Company's revenue recognition policies with reference to the requirements of the applicable accounting standards.
• Performed substantive testing, on a sample basis, on revenue transactions recorded during the year and revenue transactions recorded during a specific period before and after year end based on average delivery period, by inspecting supporting documents such as invoices, customer contracts, purchase orders, sales order, proof of dispatch and delivery, etc. to ensure such transactions are recorded accurately by correct amount and in correct period.
• Performed substantive analytical procedures such as variance analysis on revenue to identify any unusual trends or any unusual items.
• Performed a retrospective review of estimates involved in warranty provision measurement and ascertained that the carrying value is reflective of the expected future obligation basis consistent application of method of estimation basis past trends.
• Tested manual journal entries, if any, posted to revenue selected on a sample basis using risk based criteria in order to identify any unusual items.
• Evaluated appropriateness and adequacy of the disclosures made in the accompanying financial statements in respect of revenue recognition in accordance with requirements of applicable financial reporting framework.
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Considering the materiality of the amounts involved,
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significant estimates and judgements involved in
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revenue recognition, this matter has been identified
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as a key audit matter for the current year audit.
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Information other than the Financial Statements and Auditor's Report thereon
6. The Company’s Board of Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report, but does not include the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The Annual Report is expected to be made available to us after the date of this auditor’s report.
Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we will not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above when it becomes available and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.
When we read the Annual Report, if we conclude that there is a material misstatement therein, we are required to communicate the matter to those charged with governance.
Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Financial Statements
7. The accompanying financial statements have been approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company’s Board of Directors are responsible for the matters stated in section 134(5) of the Act with respect to the preparation and presentation of these financial statements that give a true and fair view of the financial position, financial performance including other comprehensive loss, changes in equity and cash flows of the Company in accordance with the Ind AS specified under section 133 of the Act and other accounting principles generally accepted in India. This responsibility also includes maintenance of adequate accounting records in accordance with the provisions of the Act for safeguarding of the assets of the Company and for preventing and detecting frauds and other irregularities; selection and application of appropriate accounting policies; making judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; and design, implementation and maintenance of adequate internal financial controls, that were operating effectively for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of the accounting records, relevant to the preparation and presentation of the financial statements that give a true and fair view and are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
8. In preparing the financial statements, the Board of Directors is responsible for assessing the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Board of Directors either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.
9. The Board of Directors is also responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting process.
Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
10. Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Standards on Auditing will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
11. As part of an audit in accordance with Standards on Auditing, specified under section 143(10) of the Act we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control;
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances. Under section 143(3)(i) of the Act we are also responsible for expressing our opinion on whether the Company has adequate internal financial controls with reference to financial statements in place and the operating effectiveness of such controls;
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management;
• Conclude on the appropriateness of Board of Directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern; and
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.
12. We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.
13. We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.
14. From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
15. As required by section 197(16) of the Act based on our audit, we report that the Company has paid remuneration to its directors during the year in accordance with the provisions of and limits laid down under section 197 read with Schedule V to the Act.
16. As required by the Companies (Auditor’s Report) Order, 2020 (‘the Order’) issued by the Central Government of India in terms of section 143(11) of the Act we give in the Annexure I, a statement on the matters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Order, to the extent applicable.
17. Further to our comments in Annexure I, as required by section 143(3) of the Act based on our audit, we report, to the
extent applicable, that:
a) We have sought and obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of our knowledge and belief were necessary for the purpose of our audit of the accompanying financial statements;
b) In our opinion, proper books of account as required by law have been kept by the Company so far as it appears from our examination of those books except for the matters stated in paragraph 17(h)(vi) below on reporting under Rule 11 (g) of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 (as amended);
c) The financial statements dealt with by this report are in agreement with the books of account;
d) In our opinion, the aforesaid financial statements comply with Ind AS specified under section 133 of the Act;
e) On the basis of the written representations received from the directors and taken on record by the Board of Directors, none of the directors is disqualified as on 31 March 2024 from being appointed as a director in terms of section 164(2) of the Act;
f) The qualification relating to the maintenance of accounts and other matters connected therewith are as stated in paragraph 17(b) above on reporting under section 143(3)(b) of the Act and paragraph 17(h)(vi) below on reporting under Rule 11 (g) of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 (as amended);
g) With respect to the adequacy of the internal financial controls with reference to financial statements of the Company as on 31 March 2024 and the operating effectiveness of such controls, refer to our separate report in Annexure II wherein we have expressed an unmodified opinion; and
h) With respect to the other matters to be included in the Auditor’s Report in accordance with rule 11 of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 (as amended), in our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us:
i. The Company, as detailed in note 31 to the financial statements, has disclosed the impact of pending litigations on its financial position as at 31 March 2024;
ii. The Company did not have any long-term contracts including derivative contracts for which there were any material foreseeable losses as at 31 March 2024;
iii. There has been no delay in transferring amounts, required to be transferred, to the Investor Education and Protection Fund by the Company during the year ended 31 March 2024;
iv. a. The management has represented that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, as disclosed in note 46(a)
to the financial statements, no funds have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or securities premium or any other sources or kind of funds) by the Company to or in any persons or entities) including foreign entities (‘the intermediaries’), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the intermediary shall, whether, directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (‘the Ultimate Beneficiaries’) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf the Ultimate Beneficiaries;
b. The management has represented that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, as disclosed in note 46(b) to the financial statements, no funds have been received by the Company from any persons or entities, including foreign entities (‘the Funding Parties’), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Company shall, whether directly or indirectly, lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (‘Ultimate Beneficiaries’) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries; and
c. Based on such audit procedures performed as considered reasonable and appropriate in the circumstances, nothing has come to our notice that has caused us to believe that the management representations under sub-clauses (a) and (b) above contain any material misstatement.
v. As stated in note 43 to the accompanying financial statements, the Board of Directors of the Company have proposed final dividend for the year ended 31 March 2024 which is subject to the approval of the members at the ensuing Annual General Meeting. The dividend declared is in accordance with section 123 of the Act to the extent it applies to declaration of dividend.
vi. As stated in note 40 to the financial statements and based on our examination which included test checks, except for instance mentioned below, the Company, in respect of financial year commencing on 1 April 2023, has used certain accounting software for maintaining its books of account, which have a feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility and the same have been operated throughout the year for all relevant transactions recorded in such software. Further, during the course of our audit we did not come across any instance of audit trail feature being tampered with other than the consequential impact of the exception given below.
Nature of exception noted
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Details of Exception
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Instances of accounting software for maintaining books of account for which the feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility was not operated throughout the year for all relevant transactions recorded in the software,
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The audit trail feature was not enabled for one Used Id at the database level for an accounting software to log any direct data changes, used for maintenance of all accounting records by the Company.
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For Walker Chandiok & Co LLP
Chartered Accountants
Firm’s Registration No.: 001076N/N500013
Sandeep Mehta
Partner
Membership No.: 099410 UDIN: 24099410BKELFY4235
Place: New Delhi Date: 23 May 2024
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