1. We have audited the accompanying standalone financial statements of SpiceJet Limited ('the Company'), which comprise the Balance Sheet as at March 31, 2024, the Statement of Profit and Loss (including Other Comprehensive Income), the Statement of Cash Flow and the Statement of Changes in Equity for the year then ended, and notes to the standalone financial statements, including material accounting policy information and other explanatory information.
2. In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, except for the effects of the matters described in the Basis for Qualified Opinion section of our report, the aforesaid standalone financial statements give the information required by the Companies Act, 2013 ('the Act') in the manner so required and give a true and fair view in conformity with the Indian Accounting Standards ('Ind AS') specified under section 133 of the Act read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and other accounting principles generally accepted in India, of the state of affairs of the Company as at March 31, 2024, and its loss (including other comprehensive income), its cash flows and the changes in equity for the year ended on that date.
Basis for Qualified Opinion
3. We report that the Company is in non-compliance with various laws and regulations applicable to the Company as detailed in Note 48 to the accompanying standalone financial statements. Pending regularising of these non-compliances under the respective laws and regulations, the management is of the view that the impact of the aforesaid non-compliances on the accompanying standalone financial statements is presently unascertainable. In the absence of necessary assessment of the impact of the aforesaid matter, including fine and penalties that may be levied, we are unable to comment on the adjustments, if any, that may be required to the accompanying standalone financial statements on account of aforesaid matter.
4. We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards on Auditing specified under section 143(10) of the Act. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Standalone Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code of Ethics issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India ('ICAI') together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the standalone financial statements under the provisions of the Act and the rules thereunder, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements
and the Code of Ethics. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our qualified opinion.
Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern
5. We draw attention to Note 2A(a)(iii) to the accompanying standalone financial statement which describes that the Company has incurred a net loss (after other comprehensive income) of Rs. 4,042.38 million for the year ended March 31, 2024, and, as of that date, the Company's accumulated losses amounts to Rs. 78,125.79 million which have resulted in complete erosion of its net worth and the current liabilities have exceeded its current assets by Rs. 64,831.47 million as at March 31, 2024. These conditions together with other matters as described in note 2A(a)(iii), indicates the existence of material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. However, based on management's assessment of future business projections and other mitigating factors as described in the aforesaid note, which, inter alia, is dependent on successful raising of additional funds, the management is of the view that the going concern basis of accounting is appropriate for preparation of accompanying standalone financial statement.
In relation to the above key audit matter, our audit work included, but was not restricted to, the following procedures:
• Obtained an understanding of the management's process for identification of events or conditions that may cast significant doubt over the Company's ability to continue as a going concern and the process to assess the corresponding mitigating factors existing against each such event or condition;
• Evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of key controls around aforesaid identification of events or conditions and mitigating factors, and controls around cash flow projections prepared by the management;
• Obtained the cash flow projections for the next twelve months from the management, basis their future business plans;
• Held discussions with the management personnel to understand the assumptions used and estimates made by them for determining the cash flow projections for the next twelve months;
• Evaluated the reasonableness of the key assumptions such as expected growth in the revenue, expected optimisation in the costs etc. based on historical data trends, future market trends, existing market conditions, business plans and our understanding of the business and the industry;
• Tested the arithmetical accuracy of the calculations and performed sensitivity analysis around possible variation in the above key assumptions; and
• Evaluated the appropriateness and adequacy of disclosures in the standalone financial statements with respect to this matter in accordance with the applicable accounting standards.
Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter.
Emphasis of Matter
6. We draw attention to Note 50 which describe the uncertainty relating to the outcome of ongoing litigation with erstwhile promoters which is pending with the Hon'ble High Court, New Delhi and certain resultant possible non-compliances of applicable provisions of the Act. Subsequent to year end, the Commercial Appellate Jurisdiction - Hon'ble High Court, New Delhi vide order dated May 17, 2024, has set aside the judgement dated July 31, 2023 passed by the Single Judge of Hon'ble High Court, New Delhi and has directed the appeal filed by the Company under Section 34 of the Arbitration
and Conciliation Act, 1996 to be considered afresh. The management basis their assessment and legal advice obtained, is of the view that no material liability is likely to arise out of the aforesaid matter and accordingly, no adjustment has been made to the accompanying standalone financial statements in this respect. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter.
Key Audit Matters
7. Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the standalone financial statements of the current year. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the standalone financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.
8. In addition to the matters described in the Basis for Qualified Opinion section and Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern section, we have determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be communicated in our report.
Key audit matter
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How our audit addressed the key audit matter
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Recognition of passenger revenue
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Our procedures in relation to passenger revenue included, but
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We refer to notes 2A(g) and 32 to the standalone financial
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not limited to the following:
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statements for accounting policies and disclosures relating
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•
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Obtained and updated our understanding of the business
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passenger revenue.
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process for each stream of revenue;
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The Company recognizes passenger revenue on flown
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•
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Understood the passenger revenue recognition policy of
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basis i.e., when the service is rendered. Till that time, the
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the Company and ensured that it is in line with Ind AS 115
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money received is presented as contract liabilities (i.e.,
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'Revenue from Contracts with Customers';
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deferred revenue) in the balance sheet under the head other current liabilities and is measured basis the net sales price to the customer.
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•
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Involved our IT specialists to evaluate design and test operating effectiveness of IT general controls and key automated controls of the Company's IT system and third-
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In accounting for its passenger revenue, the Company
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party systems (assessed the SSAE 16 assurance report)
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relies on the effectiveness of the integrated Information
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which govern revenue recognition, and tested key manual
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Technology ('IT') system which processes large volumes
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internal controls over passenger revenue recognition;
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of individually low value transactions. Based on the data provided by the said IT system, the journal entries are manually posted into the general ledger (financial reporting IT system) for recognition of passenger revenue.
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•
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Verified the reconciliation of data between the third-party system and the general ledger (financial reporting IT system) to corroborate the completeness of revenue;
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Considering the significance of amount involved and complicated IT systems that handle large volumes of transaction data, including exchange of information with
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•
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Performed data analytics to identify unusual patterns by comparing the trend in monthly revenue, sector-wise revenue and average revenue per passenger;
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online travel agents, recognition of passenger revenue has
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•
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For samples selected during the year and samples selected
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been identified as a key audit matter for current year's
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in reference to cut-off procedures, tested the supporting
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audit.
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documents; and
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•
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Evaluated the appropriateness and adequacy of the disclosures made in the standalone financial statements for passenger revenue recognised during the year.
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Provision for maintenance in relation to aircrafts
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Our
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audit procedures in relation to provision for aircraft
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We refer to notes 2A(l)(ii), 24 and 31 of the standalone
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maintenance included, but not limited to the following:
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financial statements for accounting policies, disclosures
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•
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Obtained an understanding from the management with
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and information related to accounting judgements,
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respect to process and controls followed by the Company
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assumptions and estimates relating to provision for aircraft
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to ensure appropriateness of recognition, measurement
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maintenance.
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and completeness of provision for maintenance in relation to aircrafts;
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Key audit matter
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How our audit addressed the key audit matter
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The Company operates aircrafts held under lease
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Evaluated the design and tested the operating
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arrangements and incurs liabilities for maintenance
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effectiveness of the internal financial controls over
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costs in respect of these aircrafts during the term of the
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maintenance process including accounting for provision
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lease. As at March 31, 2024, the Company has recognised provisions for aircraft maintenance amounting to Rs.
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for aircrafts maintenance held under the lease contract;
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2,950.58 million. These costs arise from regulatory and
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•
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Read the maintenance contracts with third parties to
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contractual obligations relating to the condition of the
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gain an understanding of the significant terms relating to
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aircrafts and/or specific components when they are
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maintenance of aircrafts and its components;
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returned to the lessors.
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Obtained information from engineering department
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At each reporting date, the calculation of the maintenance
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about the aircrafts utilisation pattern (basis analysis of
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provision includes a number of variable factors and
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historical flight hours) and expected condition of the
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assumptions including: anticipated utilisation of the
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aircraft (basis underlying engine inspections and results)
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aircraft; the cost of the expected heavy maintenance
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in reference to the expected future maintenance event
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check; the condition of the aircraft engine, contractual
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dates and expected estimated cost of maintenance
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return condition and the expected drawdown from the
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work;
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supplemental rental contribution.
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•
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Evaluated the consistency and reasonableness of the
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Considering the inherent level of complexity and
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above judgements, assumptions and estimates by testing
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subjectivity involved in the management estimates and
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the input data basis historical available trends/information,
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judgements for assessing the variable factors, in order
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contract terms and Company's past experience;
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to quantify the provision amounts and hence, provision for aircraft maintenance has been selected as a key audit
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•
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Tested the arithmetical accuracy of the calculation for
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matter for the current year's audit.
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provision balance outstanding as at March 31, 2024; and
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•
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Evaluated appropriateness and adequacy of the disclosures made in standalone financial statements with respect to the provision for aircrafts maintenance.
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Impairment of non-financial assets
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Our
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audit procedures in relation to impairment assessment
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included, but not limited to the following:
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We refer to notes 2A(e), 3 and 4 of the standalone financial statements for accounting policies and information related
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•
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Obtained an understanding of the management process
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to accounting judgements, assumptions and estimates
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for identification of possible impairment indicators and
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relating to impairment of non-financial assets.
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process performed by the management for impairment
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During the current year, due to the carried forward
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testing and the management process of determining the
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impact of Covid-19 pandemic and other business reasons,
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Value-in-Use (VIU);
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impairment indicators were identified in reference to non-
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•
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Evaluated design and tested the operating effectiveness
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financial assets namely right-of- use (ROU) assets and
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of relevant internal financial controls implemented for
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property, plant and equipment (PPE).
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impairment assessment;
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The Company has identified its fleet of passenger aircrafts and freighter aircrafts as separate cash generating
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Obtained and assessed the management's impairment
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units (CGUs) and accordingly performed impairment
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assessment computation by testing the underlying
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assessment of passenger aircrafts in accordance with the
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assumptions used in determining the cash flow projections
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accounting principles and determined the value-in-use of
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and VIU;
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its cash generating units (CGUs) and compared with the carrying value.
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•
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Together with our valuation specialists, challenged the management on the underlying key assumptions used
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The future cash flow projections and its discounting
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for cash flow projections and discount rate, considering
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involved significant inputs such as expected fuel prices,
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evidence available to support these assumptions and our
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foreign exchange rates, growth rate and discount rate.
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understanding of the business;
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The management has concluded that the recoverable
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Performed sensitivity analysis on these key assumptions
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amount of the CGUs is higher than its carrying amount and
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to assess potential impact of downside in the underlying
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accordingly, no impairment provision has been recorded as
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cash flow forecasts and assessed the possible mitigating
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at March 31, 2024.
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actions identified by management;
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Considering significant management judgements involved
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•
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Tested the arithmetical accuracy of the cash flow
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in determination of said inputs used in computation, impairment of non-financial assets has been identified as a
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projections; and
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key audit matter for the current year's audit.
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•
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Evaluated the appropriateness and adequacy of the disclosures made in the standalone financial statements with respect to impairment of non-financial assets.
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Information other than the Standalone Financial Statements and Auditor’s Report thereon
9. The Company's Board of Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report, but does not include the standalone financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The Annual Report is expected to be made available to us after the date of this auditor's report.
Our opinion on the standalone financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the standalone financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above when it becomes available and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the standalone financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.
When we read the Annual Report, if we conclude that there is a material misstatement therein, we are required to communicate the matter to those charged with governance.
Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Standalone Financial Statements
10. The accompanying standalone financial statements have been approved by the Company's Board of Directors. The Company's Board of Directors are responsible for the matters stated in section 134(5) of the Act with respect to the preparation and presentation of these standalone financial statements that give a true and fair view of the financial position, financial performance including other comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows of the Company in accordance with the Ind AS specified under section 133 of the Act and other accounting principles generally accepted in India. This responsibility also includes maintenance of adequate accounting records in accordance with the provisions of the Act for safeguarding of the assets of the Company and for preventing and detecting frauds and other irregularities; selection and application of appropriate accounting policies; making judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; and design, implementation and maintenance of adequate internal financial controls, that were operating effectively for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of the accounting records, relevant to the preparation and presentation of the standalone financial statements that give a true and fair view and are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
11. In preparing the standalone financial statements, the Board of Directors is responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting
unless the Board of Directors either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.
12. The Board of Directors is also responsible for overseeing the Company's financial reporting process.
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Standalone Financial Statements
13. Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the standalone financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Standards on Auditing will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these standalone financial statements.
14. As part of an audit in accordance with Standards on Auditing, specified under section 143(10) of the Act, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the standalone financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control;
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances. Under section 143(3)(i) of the Act, we are also responsible for expressing our opinion on whether the Company has adequate internal financial controls with reference to financial statements in place and the operating effectiveness of such controls;
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management;
• Conclude on the appropriateness of Board of Directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor's report to the related disclosures in the standalone financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our
opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor's report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern; and
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the standalone financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the standalone financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.
15. We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.
16. We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.
17. From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the standalone financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor's report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
18. As required by section 197(16) of the Act, based on our audit, we report that the Company has paid remuneration to its directors during the year in accordance with the provisions of and limits laid down under section 197 read with Schedule V to the Act.
19. As required by the Companies (Auditor's Report) Order, 2020 ('the Order') issued by the Central Government of India in terms of section 143(11) of the Act we give in the Annexure A, a statement on the matters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Order, to the extent applicable.
20. Further to our comments in Annexure A, as required by section 143(3) of the Act, based on our audit, we report, to the extent applicable, that:
a) We have sought and obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of our knowledge and belief were necessary for the purpose of our audit of the accompanying standalone financial statements;
b) In our opinion, proper books of account as required by law have been kept by the Company so far as
it appears from our examination of those books, except for the effects of the matters described in the Basis for Qualified Opinion section and except for the matters stated in paragraph 20(j)(vi) below on reporting under Rule 11(g) of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 (as amended).
c) The standalone financial statements dealt with by this report are in agreement with the books of account;
d) Except for the effects of the matters described in the Basis for Qualified Opinion section, in our opinion, the aforesaid standalone financial statements comply with Ind AS specified under section 133 of the Act;
e) The matters described in paragraph 3 of the Basis for Qualified Opinion section, paragraph 5 of the Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern section and paragraph 6 of the Emphasis of Matter section, in our opinion, may have an adverse effect on the functioning of the Company;
f) On the basis of the written representations received from the directors and taken on record by the Board of Directors, none of the directors is disqualified as on March 31, 2024 from being appointed as a director in terms of section 164(2) of the Act;
g) The qualification relating to the maintenance of accounts and other matters connected therewith are as stated in paragraph 3 of the Basis for Qualified Opinion section, paragraph 20(b) above on reporting under section 143(3)(b) of the Act and paragraph 20(j)(vi) below on reporting under Rule 11(g) of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 (as amended);
h) With respect to the adequacy of the internal financial controls with reference to financial statements of the Company as on March 31, 2024 and the operating effectiveness of such controls, refer to our separate report in Annexure B wherein we have expressed a modified opinion; and
i) With respect to the other matters to be included in the Auditor's Report in accordance with rule 11 of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 (as amended), in our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us:
i. The Company, as detailed in note 47 to the standalone financial statements, has disclosed the impact of pending litigations on its financial position as at March 31, 2024;
ii. The Company did not have any long-term contracts including derivative contracts for which there were any material foreseeable losses as at March 31, 2024;
iii. There were no amounts which were required to be transferred to the Investor Education and Protection Fund by the Company during the year ended March 31, 2024;
iv. a. The management has represented
that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, as disclosed in note 63 to the standalone financial statements, no funds have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or securities premium or any other sources or kind of funds) by the Company to or in any person or entity, including foreign entities ('the intermediaries'), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the intermediary shall, whether, directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company ('the Ultimate Beneficiaries') or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf the Ultimate Beneficiaries;
b. The management has represented that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, as disclosed in note 63 to the standalone financial statements, no funds have been received by the Company from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities ('the Funding Parties'), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Company shall, whether directly or indirectly, lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party ('Ultimate Beneficiaries') or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries; and
c. Based on such audit procedures performed as considered reasonable and appropriate in the circumstances, nothing has come to our notice that has caused us to believe that the management representations under sub-clauses (a) and (b) above contain any material misstatement.
v. The Company has not declared or paid any dividend during the year ended March 31, 2024; and
vi. As stated in note 62 to the standalone financial statements and based on our
examination which included test checks, except for instances mentioned below, the Company, in respect of financial year commencing on April 1, 2023, has used an accounting software for maintaining its books of account which has a feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility and the same has been operated throughout the year for all relevant transactions recorded in the software. Further, during the course of our audit we did not come across any instance of audit trail feature being tampered with, other than the consequential impact of the exceptions given below.
1) The audit trail feature was not enabled at the database level for an accounting software to log any direct data changes, used for maintenance of all accounting records by the Company.
2) The accounting software used for maintenance of revenue and payroll records of the Company are operated by third-party software service providers. In the absence of any information on existence of audit trail (edit logs) for any direct changes made at the database level in the 'Independent Service Auditor's Assurance Report on the Description of Controls, their Design and Operating Effectiveness' ('Type 2 report' issued in accordance with ISAE 3402, Assurance Reports on Controls at a Service Organisation), we are unable to comment on whether audit trail feature with respect to the database level of the said software was enabled and operated throughout the year.
For Walker Chandiok & Co LLP
Chartered Accountants Firm's Registration No.: 001076N/N500013
Neeraj Goel
Partner
Membership Number: 099514 UDIN: 24099514BKCMXJ4718 Place: Gurugram Date: July 15, 2024
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