3.16 Provisions
A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.
3.17 Contingent liabilities & contingent assets
A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
Contingent assets are not recognised in the financial statements. However, contingent assets are assessed continually and if it is virtually certain that an inflow of economic benefits will arise, the asset and related income are recognised in the period in which the change occurs.
3.18 Financial instruments
a. Recognition and Initial recognition
The Company recognizes financial assets and financial liabilities when it becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. All financial assets and liabilities are recognized at fair value on initial recognition, except for trade receivables which are initially measured at transaction price. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issues of financial assets and financial liabilities that are not at fair value through profit or loss, are added to the fair value on initial recognition.
A financial asset or financial liability is initially measured at fair value plus, for an item not at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL), transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue.
b. Classification and Subsequent measurement Financial assets
On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at - amortised cost;
-FVTPL
Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition, except if and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.
A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:
- the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and
- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
All financial assets not classified as measured at amortised cost as described above are measured at FVTPL. On initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate a financial asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at amortised cost at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mismatch that would otherwise arise.
Financial assets: Business model assessment
The Company makes an assessment of the objective of the business model in which a financial asset is held at a portfolio level because this best reflects the way the business is managed and information is provided to management. The information considered includes:
- the stated policies and objectives for the portfolio and the operation of those policies in practice. These include whether management’s strategy focuses on earning contractual interest income, maintaining a particular interest rate profile, matching the duration of the financial assets to the duration of any related liabilities or expected cash outflows or realising cash flows through the sale of the assets;
- how the performance of the portfolio is evaluated and reported to the Company’s management;
- the risks that affect the performance of the business model (and the financial assets held within that business model) and how those risks are managed;
- how managers of the business are compensated - e.g. whether compensation is based on the fair value of the assets managed or the contractual cash flows collected; and
- the frequency, volume and timing of sales of financial assets in prior periods, the reasons for such sales and expectations about future sales activity.
Transfers of financial assets to third parties in transactions that do not qualify for derecognition are not considered as sales for this purpose, consistent with the Company’s continuing recognition of the assets. Financial assets that are held for trading or are managed and whose performance is evaluated on a fair value basis are measured at FVTPL.
Financial assets: Assessment whether contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest For the purposes of this assessment, ‘principal’ is defined as the fair value of the financial asset on initial recognition. ‘Interest’ is defined as consideration for the time value of money and for the credit risk associated with the principal amount outstanding during a particular period of time and for other basic lending risks and costs (e.g. liquidity risk and administrative costs), as well as a profit margin.
In assessing whether the contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest, the Company considers the contractual terms of the instrument. This includes assessing whether the financial asset contains a contractual term that could change the timing or amount of contractual cash flows such that it would not meet this condition. In making this assessment, the Company considers:
- contingent events that would change the amount or timing of cash flows;
- terms that may adjust the contractual coupon rate, including variable interest rate features;
- prepayment and extension features; and
- terms that limit the Company’s claim to cash flows from specified assets (e.g. non- recourse features).
A prepayment feature is consistent with the solely payments of principal and interest criterion if the prepayment amount substantially represents unpaid amounts of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding, which may include reasonable additional compensation for early termination of the contract. Additionally, for a financial asset acquired at a significant discount or premium to its contractual par amount, a feature that permits or requires prepayment at an amount that substantially represents the contractual par amount plus accrued (but unpaid) contractual interest (which may also include reasonable additional compensation for early termination) is treated as consistent with this criterion if the fair value of the prepayment feature is insignificant at initial recognition.
Financial assets: Subsequent measurement and gains and losses
Financial assets at FVTPL: These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Net gains and losses, including any interest or dividend income, are recognised in profit or loss.
Financial assets at amortised cost: These assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The amortised cost is reduced by impairment losses. Interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognised in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is recognised in profit or loss.
Financial liabilities: Classification, Subsequent measurement and gains and losses
Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortised cost or FVTPL. A financial liability is classified as at FVTPL if it is classified as held- for- trading, or it is a derivative or it is designated as such on initial recognition. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are measured at fair value and net gains and losses, including any interest expense, are recognised in profit or loss. Other financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Interest expense and foreign exchange gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is also recognised in profit or loss.
c. Derecognition Financial assets
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset.
If the Company enters into transactions whereby it transfers assets recognised on its balance sheet, but retains either all or substantially all of the risks and rewards of the transferred assets, the transferred assets are not derecognised.
Financial liabilities
The Company derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire.
The Company also derecognises a financial liability when its terms are modified and the cash flows under the modified terms are substantially different. In this case, a new financial liability based on the modified terms is recognised at fair value. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability extinguished and the new financial liability with modified terms is recognised in profit
d. Offsetting
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the balance sheet when and only when, the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
e. Impairment
The Company recognises loss allowances for expected credit losses on financial assets measured at amortised cost;
At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether financial assets carried at amortised cost and debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) are credit impaired. A financial asset is ‘credit- impaired’ when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset have occurred.
Evidence that a financial asset is credit- impaired includes the following observable data:
- significant financial difficulty of the borrower or issuer;
- the restructuring of a loan or advance by the Company on terms that the Company would not consider otherwise;
- it is probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganisation; or
- the disappearance of an active market for a security because of financial difficulties.
The Company measures loss allowances at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses, except for the following, which are measured as 12 month expected credit losses:
- debt securities that are determined to have low credit risk at the reporting date; and
- other debt securities and bank balances for which credit risk (i.e. the risk of default occurring over the expected life of the financial instrument) has not increased significantly since initial recognition.
Loss allowances for trade receivables are always measured at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses.
Lifetime expected credit losses are the expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument.
12-month expected credit losses are the portion of expected credit losses that result from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date (or a shorter period if the expected life of the instrument is less than 12 months).
In all cases, the maximum period considered when estimating expected credit losses is the maximum contractual period over which the Company is exposed to credit risk.
When determining whether the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition and when estimating expected credit losses, the Company considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue cost or effort. This includes both quantitative and qualitative information and analysis, based on the Company’s historical experience and informed credit assessment and including forward- looking information.
Measurement of expected credit losses
Expected credit losses are a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses. Credit losses are measured as the present value of all cash shortfalls (i.e. the difference between the cash flows due to the Company in accordance with the contract and the cash flows that the Company expects to receive).
Presentation of allowance for expected credit losses in the balance sheet
Loss allowances for financial assets measured at amortised cost are deducted from the gross carrying amount of the assets.
Write-off
The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off (either partially or in full) to the extent that there is no realistic prospect of recovery. This is generally the case when the Company determines that the trade receivable does not have assets or sources of income that could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the write- off. However, financial assets that are written off could still be subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the Company’s procedures for recovery of amounts due.
For Kishore & Venkat Associates for and on behalf of the Board of Directors of
Chartered Accountants AHLADA ENGINEERS LIMITED
ICAI Firm Registration Number: 001807S CIN: L24239TG2005PLC047102
Sd/-
Sd/- Sd/- Ch. Ahlada
K- Kishore Ch. Suresh Mohan Reddy Wholetime Director
Partner Managing Director DIN: 08272661
Membership No.: 026811 DIN: 00090543
Sd/- Sd/-
Place: Hyderabad A. Narasimha Rao P. Kodanda Rami Reddy
Date: 25 May, 2024 Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary
30 Segment information
Ind AS 108 “Operating Segment” (“Ind AS 108”) establishes standards for the way that public business enterprises report information about operating and geographical segments and related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. Based on the “management approach” as defined in Ind AS 108, Operating segments and geographical segments are to be reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM).The CODM evaluates the Company’s performance and allocates resources on overall basis. The Company’s sole operating segment is therefore Steel Products and the sole geographical segment is ‘India”. Accordingly, there are no additional disclosure to be provided under Ind AS 108, other than those already provided in the financial statements.
33 Dues to Micro, small and medium enterprises
The Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises has issued an office memorandum dated 26 August 2008 which recommends that the Micro and Small Enterprises should mention in their correspondence with its customers the Entrepreneurs Memorandum Number as allocated after filing of the Memorandum. Accordingly, the disclosure in respect of the amounts payable to such enterprises as at March 31, 2024 has been made in the financial statements based on information received and available with the Company. Further in view of the management, the impact of interest, if any, that may be payable in accordance with the provisions of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (‘The MSMED Act’) is not expected to be material. The Company has not received any claim for interest from any supplier.
35 Financial risk management objectives and policies
The Company’s principal financial liabilities comprise loans and borrowings, trade and other payables. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to finance and support Company's operations. The Company’s principal financial assets include inventory, trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents and refundable deposits that derive directly from its operations.
The Company is exposed to Credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company’s senior management oversees the management of these risks. The Board of Directors reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these risks, which are summarized below."
a) Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to a financial loss. The credit risk arises principally from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables) and from its investing activities, including deposits with banks and financial institutions and other financial instruments.
Credit risk is controlled by analysing credit limits and creditworthiness of customers on a continuous basis to whom credit has been granted after obtaining necessary approvals for credit. The collection from the trade receivables are monitored on a continuous basis by the receivables team.
The Company establishes an allowance for credit loss that represents its estimate of expected losses in respect of trade and other receivables based on the past and the recent collection trend. The maximum exposure to credit risk as at reporting date is primarily from trade receivables. The movement in allowance for credit loss in respect of trade and other receivables during the year was as follows:
36 Capital management
The Company’s policy is to maintain a stable capital base so as to maintain investor, creditor and market confidence and to sustain future development of the business. Management monitors capital on the basis of return on capital employed as well as the debt to total equity ratio.
For the purpose of debt to total equity ratio, debt considered is long-term and short-term borrowings. Total equity comprise of issued share capital and all other equity reserves.
37 CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility)
Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 and Rules made thereunder prescribe that every company having a networth of Rs.500 cr or more, or turnover of Rs.1000 cr or more or a netprofit of Rs.5 cr or more during any financial year shall ensure that the company spends, in every financial year, atleast 2% of the average net profits made during the three immediately preceeding finacial years, in pursuance of its corporate social responsibility policy. The provisions pertaining to corporate social responsibility as prescribed under the Companies Act, 2013 are applicable. The financial details as sought by the Companies Act, 2013 are as follows:
39 Explanation on transition to Ind AS
As stated in Note 2.1, these are the standalone financial statements prepared in accordance with Ind AS for the year ended March 31,2024. The accounting policies set out in Note 3 have been applied in preparing these financial statements for the year ended March 31,2024 and in presenting the comparative information for the year ended March 31,2023.
40 Other Statutory Information
i) The company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the group for holding any Benami property.
ii) The company does not have any transactions with companies struck off.
iii) The company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.
iv) The company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or virtual currency during the financial year.
v) The company has not been declared as willful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or Govt. or any Govt. authority.
vi) The company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) entity(ies), including foreign entities (intermediaries) with the understanding that the intermediary shall:
a) directly or indirectly lend or invested in other person or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (ultimate beneficiaries) or
b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or any behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries.
vii) The company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies) including foreign entities (funding party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the group shall:
a) directly or indirectly lend or invested in other person or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the funding party (ultimate beneficiaries) or
b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or any behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries.
viii) The company has not any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of account that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act,1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relavent provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961).
ix) Title deeds of Immovable Property not held in name of the Company-NA
(x) (ii) The Company shall disclose as to whether the fair value of investment property (as measured for disclosure purposes in the financial statements) is based on the valuation by a registered valuer as defined under rule 2 of Companies (Registered Valuers and Valuation) Rules, 2017.
41 Recent Indian Accounting Standards
Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards. There is no such notification which would have been applicable from April 1,2021.
42 Prior year comparatives
The figures of the previous year have been regrouped/reclassified, where necessary, to conform with the current year’s classification.
As per our report of even date attached
For Kishore & Venkat Associates for and on behalf of the Board of Directors of
Chartered Accountants AHLADA ENGINEERS LIMITED
ICAI Firm Registration Number: 001807S CIN: L24239TG2005PLC047102
Sd/- Sd/- Sd/-
K. Kishore Ch. Suresh Mohan Reddy Ch. Ahlada
Partner Managing Director Wholetime Director
Membership No.: 026811 DIN: 00090543 DIN: 08272661
Sd/- Sd/-
Place: Hyderabad A. Narasimha Rao P. Kodanda Rami Reddy
Date: 25 May, 2024 Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary
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