Q. Provisions and contingent liabilities
Provisions are recognized when there is a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
The expenses relating to a provision is presented in the Statement of Profit and Loss net of reimbursements, if any. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.
Contingent liabilities are possible obligations whose existence will only be confirmed by future events not wholly within the control of the Company, or present obligations where it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required or the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized in the financial statements but are disclosed unless the possibility of an outflow of economic resources is considered remote.
Contingent liabilities and capital commitments disclosed are in respect of items which in each case are above the threshold limit.
Employee benefits
(i) Short-term obligations
Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employees' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.
(ii) Other long-term employee benefit obligations
The liabilities for earned leave and sick leave that are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months are measured as the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period using the projected unit credit method. The benefits are discounted using the Government Securities (G-Sec) at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Re-measurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The obligations are presented as current liabilities in the balance sheet if the entity does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting period, regardless of when the actual settlement is expected to occur.
(iii) Post-employment obligations
The Company operates the following post-employment schemes:
(a) defined benefit plans such as gratuity; and
(b) defined contribution plans such as provident fund.
Gratuity obligations
The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.
The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation.
The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Re-measurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the balance sheet.
Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.
Defined Contribution Plans
The Company pays provident fund contributions to publicly administered provident funds as per local regulations. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are accounted for as defined contribution plans and the contributions are recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognized as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.
R. Earnings Per Share
(i) Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing:
- the profit attributable to owners of the Company
- by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in equity shares issued during the year and excluding treasury shares.
(ii) Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share adjust the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account:
- the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, and
- the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
Reason for material discrepancies
Note No. 1 : Difference is on account of Provisional Figures of Debtors Submitted to bank. Note No. 2 :
Difference is on account of Provisional Figures of creditors Submitted to bank.
33.4 Details of willful default
The Company has not been declared as a wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution, in accordance with the guidance on wilful defaulters issued by Reserve Bank of India.
33.5 Relationship with struck- off companies
The Company does not have any transactions with struck-off companies.
33.6 Delay in registration/satisfaction of charge with registrar of companies
The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.
33.7 Compliance with number of layers of companies
The Company does not have subsidiary company, hence the compliance regarding with the number of layers of Companies as prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Act read with Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017, is not applicable to the Company.
Reason for change for more than 25%
1. Debt-equity ratio
Debt-equity ratio has decreased due to principal repayment made during the current year.
2. Debt service coverage ratio
Debt service coverage ratio has decreased due to decrease in profit in current year as compared to previous year.
3. Return on equity
Return on equity has decreased due to decrease in profit in current year compared to previous year.
4. Trade receivables turnover ratio
Trade receivables turnover ratio has decreased due to decrease in turnover during the current year and Company has not been able to collect its receivables during the current year compare to previous year.
5. Trade payables turnover ratio
Trade payables turnover ratio has decreased as company has higher trade payable outstanding during the current year compared to previous year.
6. Net capital turnover ratio
Net capital turnover ratio has decreased on account of decrease in the working capital intensity of the Company's operations.
7. Net profit ratio
Net profit ratio has decreased due to decrease in profit in current year compared to previous year.
8. Return on capital employed
Return on capital employed has decreased due to decrease in profit in current year compared to previous year.
(B) FAIR VALUE HEIRARCHY
Fair value is the amount for which an asset could be exchanged, or a liability settled between knowledgeable willing parties in an arm's length transaction. The Company has made certain judgements and estimates in determining the fair values of the financial instruments that are (a) recognised and measured at fair value and (b) measured at amortised cost and for which fair values are disclosed in the financial statements.
To provide an indication about the reliability of the inputs used in determining fair value, the Company as classified the financial instruments into three levels prescribed under the accounting standard. An explanation of each level is as
Level 1: Level 1 of hierarchy includes financial assets that are measured by reference to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2: Level 2 heirarchy includes financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuation techniques which maximise the use of observable market data and rely as little as possible on entity-specific
Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on the observable market data, the instrument is included in Level 3 heirarchy.
(C) VALUATION TECHNIQUES
Specific valuation techniques used to value financial instruments include
- the use of quoted market prices for mutual funds
- the fair value of the remaining financial instruments is determined using discounted cash flow analysis or such other acceptable valuation methodology, wherever applicable
There are no items in the financial instruments, which required level 3 valuation.
The Company policy is to have robust financial base so as to maintain outsider's confidence and to sustain future development of the business. Management monitors the return on capital, as well as level of dividends to equity shareholders.The company monitors capital using a ratio of "adjusted net debt" to "equity". For this purpose, adjusted net debt is defined as total liability, Comprising interest-bearing loans and borrowing, less cash and cash equivalents. Total Equity includes the share capital, other equity.
The Company's business activities are exposed to a variety of financial risks, viz liquidity risk, market risk and credit risk. The Management of the Company has the overall responsibility for establishing and governing the Company's risk policy framework. The risk management policies are formulated after the identification and analysis of the risks and suitable risk limits and controls are set which are monitored & reveiwed periodically. The changes in the market conditions and allied areas are accordingly reflected in the changes of the policy. The key risks and mitigating actions are placed before the Audit Committee of the Company who then evaluate and take the necessary corrective action. The sources of risk, which the Company is exposed to and how the Company manages these risks with their impact on the Financial Statements is given below:
[A] Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if the counterparty fails to meet its contractual obligations. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables). However, the credit risk on account of financing activities, i.e., balances with banks is very low, since the Company holds all the balances with approved bankers only.
Trade receivables
Credit risk is managed through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and continuously monitoring the customers outstanding balances to which the Company grants credit terms in the normal course of business. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are limited, as the Company's customer base is large, reputed and having good credit credential as well as that they are long standing customers. All trade receivables are reviewed and assessed for default on a quarterly basis. Historical experience of collecting receivables of the Company is supported by low level of past default and hence the credit risk is
[B] Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk the Company faces in meeting its obligations associated with its financial liabilities. The Company's approach in managing liquidity is to ensure that it will have sufficient funds to meet its liabilities when due without incurring unacceptable losses. In doing this, Management considers both normal and stressed conditions.
Maturities of financial liabilities
The below table analyses the Company's financial liabilities into relevant maturity groupings based on their contractual maturities. The amounts disclosed in the table are contractual undiscounted cash flows, balances due within 12 months equal their carrying balances as the impact of discounting is not significant.
The Company's size and operations result in it being exposed to the following market risks that arise from its use of financial instruments:
• Currency risk; and
• Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk can be either fair value interest rate risk or cash flow interest rate risk. Fair value interest rate risk is the risk of changes in fair values of fixed interest bearing financial assets or borrowings because of fluctuations in the interest rates, if such assets /borrowings are measured at fair value through profit or loss. Cash flow interest rate risk is the risk that the future cash flows of floating interest bearing borrowings will flucutate because of fluctuations in the interest rates.
1. Figures of previous reporting periods have been regrouped/reclassified wherever necessary to correspond with the figures of the current reporting period.
2. The outstanding balance as on year end in respect of trade receivables, trade payables, loans and advances and other payables, and other receivables, if any, are subject to confirmation from respective parties and consequential reconciliation and/or adjustments arising there from, if any. Management of the Company, however, does not expect any
3. According to the opinion of the management of the Company, the value of realization of trade and other receivables and loans and advances given in the ordinary course of the business, if any, would not be less than the amount at which they are stated in the balance sheet.
As per our Report of even date For and on behalf of the Board of Directors,
For H B Kalaria & Associates Chartered Accountants
FRN : 104571W Amit V. Gadhiya Harikrishna Chauhan
Managing Director Whole Time Director
DIN: 06604671 DIN:07710106
Hasmukh B Kalaria Pratik M. Makawana Jagdish D. Otradi
Partner CS CFO
Membership No.: 042002 PAN: BJHPM5951K PAN: ABFPO7856C
Rajkot, May 27, 2023 Haripar, May 27, 2023
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