iv. Provisions:
A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of the past event, it is probable that an
outflow of resources embodying future economic benefits will be required to settle the obligations and a reliable measure
can be made of the amount of obligation. Provisions are not discounted to their present value and are determined on the
best estimate required to settle the obligation at the reporting date. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date
and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
Contingent liability is disclosed for
• Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within the control of the Company or
• Present obligations arising from past events where it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to
settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made.
• Contingent Liabilities: NIL
Contingent assets are not recognized in the standalone financial statements since this may result in the recognition of
income that may never be realized.
v. Financial Instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity
instrument of another entity.
Financial assets
Initial recognition and measurement
All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through
profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Purchases or sales of financial
assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular
way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.
Subsequent measurement
For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in four categories:
• Debt instruments at amortised cost
• Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
• Debt instruments, derivatives and equity instruments at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
• Equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
Debt instruments at amortised cost
A ‘debt instrument’ is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met:
• The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and
• Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest
(SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate
(EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that
are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the profit or loss. The losses arising from
impairment are recognised in the profit or loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.
Debt instrument at FVTOCI
A ‘debt instrument’ is classified as at the FVTOCI if both of the following criteria are met:
• The objective of the business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets,
and
• The asset’s contractual cash flows represent SPPI.
Debt instruments included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair
value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI). However, the Company recognizes interest
income, impairment losses & reversals and foreign exchange gain or loss in the P&L. On de-recognition of the asset, cumulative
gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to P&L. Interest earned whilst holding FVTOCI debt
instrument is reported as interest income using the EIR method.
Debt instrument at FVTPL
Any debt instrument, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at
FVTPL.
In addition, the Company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria,
as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition
inconsistency (referred to as 'accounting mismatch'). The Company has not designated any debt instrument as at FVTPL.
Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the P&L.
Equity investments
All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading and
"contingent consideration classified as liability" recognised by an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS103 applies
are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, entities in the Company has made an irrevocable election to present
in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. Such election is made on an instrument-by-instrument
basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.
If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding
dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to P&L, even on sale of investment.
However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.
De-recognition
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) is primarily de¬
recognised (i.e., removed from the Company’s consolidated balance sheet) when:
• The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or
• The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the
received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a 'pass-through' arrangement; and either (a) the
Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor
retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.
When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through
arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither
transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company
continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company's continuing involvement. In that case, the Company
also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects
the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.
Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original
carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.
Impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of
impairment loss on the following financial assets and credit risk exposure:
• Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortised cost e.g., loans, debt securities, deposits, trade
receivables and bank balance
• Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured as at FVTOCI
• Lease receivables under Ind AS 17
• Trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are
within the scope of Ind aS 11 and Ind AS 18
• Loan commitments which are not measured as at FVTPL
• Financial guarantee contracts which are not measured as at FVTPL
The Company follows ‘simplified approach’ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:
• Trade receivables or contract revenue receivables; and
• All lease receivables resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 17
The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises
impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.
For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant
increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide
for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit
quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then
the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.
Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial
instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within 12
months after the reporting date.
ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the
cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash
flows, an entity is required to consider:
• All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected
life of the financial instrument. However, in rare cases when the expected life of the financial instrument cannot be estimated
reliably, then the entity is required to use the remaining contractual term of the financial instrument
• Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms
As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on portfolio of its trade
receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade
receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are
updated and changes in the forward-looking estimates are analysed.
ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income/ expense in the statement of
profit and loss (P&L). This amount is reflected under the head ‘other expenses’ in the P&L. The balance sheet presentation for
various financial instruments is described below:
• Financial assets measured as at amortised cost, contractual revenue receivables and lease receivables: ECL is presented
as an allowance, i.e., as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the balance sheet. The allowance reduces the
net carrying amount. Until the asset meets write-off criteria, the Company does not reduce impairment allowance from the
gross carrying amount.
• Loan commitments and financial guarantee contracts: ECL is presented as a provision in the balance sheet, i.e., as a liability.
• Debt instruments measured at FVTOCI: Since financial assets are already reflected at fair value, impairment allowance is
not further reduced from its value. Rather, ECL amount is presented as ‘accumulated impairment amount’ in the OCI.
For assessing increase in credit risk and impairment loss, the Company combines financial instruments on the basis of shared
credit risk characteristics with the objective of facilitating an analysis that is designed to enable significant increases in credit risk
to be identified on a timely basis.
Financial liabilities
Initial recognition and measurement
All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly
attributable transaction costs.
The Company’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts, financial
guarantee contracts and derivative financial instruments.
Subsequent measurement
The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include derivatives, financial liabilities held for trading and financial
liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for
trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial
instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by
Ind AS 109. Separated embedded derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective
hedging instruments.
Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognized in the profit or loss.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date
of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses
attributable to changes in own credit risks are recognized in OCI. These gains/ losses are not subsequently transferred to P&L.
However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are
recognised in the statement of profit or loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit
and loss.
Loans and borrowings
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR
method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR
amortisation process.
Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral
part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.
De-recognition
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing
financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability
are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the de-recognition of the original liability and the
recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
Reclassification of financial assets
The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no
reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are
debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes
to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company’s senior management determines change in the business
model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company’s operations. Such changes are evident
to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that
is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the
reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The
Company does not restate any previously recognised gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.
vi. Earnings Per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing profit after tax (including the post-tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) by
the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax (including the post-tax effect of extraordinary items, if any)
as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income (net of any attributable taxes) relating to the dilutive
potential equity shares by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and
the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity
shares.
Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the net profit per share
from continuing ordinary operations. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the
period, unless they have been issued at a later date.
The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value
(i.e., average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each
period presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for share splits/ reverse share
splits and bonus shares, as appropriate.
xi. Segment Reporting:
Company is operating in a single segment, i.e., trading in packaging material. Hence disclosure of Segment information is not
applicable.
xii.
a) Financial Risk Management - Objectives and Policies:
The Company's financial liabilities comprises of Trade Payables while financial assets comprise of Trade Receivables, Cash
and Cash Equivalents, Bank Balances other than Cash and Cash Equivalents. The company has financial risk exposure in
the form of credit risk and liquidity risk. The risk management policies of the Company are monitored by the Board of
Directors. The present disclosure made by the Company summarizes the exposure to the Financial Risks.
(b) Credit Risk Management:
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counter party will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the
Company. Credit Risk arises primarily from financial assets such as trade receivables, bank balances and other balances
with banks. The credit risk arising from the exposure of investing in other balances with banks and bank balances is limited
and there is no collateral held against these because the counter parties are banks.
(c) Liquidity Risk Management:
Liquidity Risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting obligations associated with financial liabilities
that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. Liquidity Risk may result from an inability to sell a financial asset
quickly to meet obligations when due. The Company's exposure to liquidity risk arises primarily form mismatches of
maturities of financial assets and liabilities.
The Company manages liquidity risk by
(i) maintaining adequate and sufficient cash and cash equivalents
(ii) making available the funds from realizing timely maturities of financial assets to meet the obligations when due.
As per our report of event date annexed
K GOPAL RAO & CO.,
^no'ccc^ For and on behalf of the Board of Directors
ICAI FRN: 000956S
Sd/-
Sd/- Sd/-
CA GOPAL KRISHNA RAJU V Kodanda Ram Pavan Kumar M
Director Whole Time Director
UDIN:24205929BKGVLB4530 Sd/- Sd/-
G. Nandhivarman EDM Menon
Date: 24th May, 2024 Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary
Place: Chennai
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