Capital work-in-progress

Capital work-in-progress as at March 31,2024 amounts to INR 288.69 Lakhs comprising majorly of addition to plant and machinery INR 241.38 Lakhs and for IT, Safety 47.31 Lakhs, while that as at March 31, 2023 amounts to INR 37.93 Lakhs comprising majorly of addition to plant and machinery INR 24.48 Lakhs and for Safety 13.45 Lakhs.

There is no projects whose completion is overdue or has exceeded its cost compared to its original plan.

c. Contractual Obligation

Refer note 37 for disclosure of contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment.

(a) Variable lease payments

The company does not have any leases with variable lease payments.

(b) Extension options

The extension options will be mutually decided by the company and the respective lessor at the end of the lease period.

(c) Residual Value Guarantee

The company does not provide any residual value guarantee in relation to its leases.

(d) Leases not yet commenced to which the lessee is committed

The Company does not have any leases that has not yet commenced to which the Company is committed.

Ind AS 12 ‘Income Taxes' states that deferred tax assets should be recognised and carried forward only to the extent it is probable that the entity will have sufficient taxable profit against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. As it is not probable as at 31 March 2024, deferred tax assets is recognised only to the extent of deferred tax liabilities.

* Excess of depreciation/amortization on fixed assets under income tax law over depreciation/amortization provided in accounts

Amount recognised in statement of profit and loss

(i) Inventories of finished goods have been reduced by INR 4.21 lakhs (31 March 2023: INR 13.18 Lakhs) as a result of the write-down to net realisable value. These were recognised as an expense during the year and included in 'cost of materials consumed' in Statement of Profit and Loss.

(ii) Inventories have been offered as securities against the working capital facilities provided by the banks. Refer note 45.

(d) Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to equity shares:

The Company has only one class of equity shares having a face value of INR 10/- per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. The Company declares and pays dividend in Indian rupees. In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.

c) Performance obligations

There is no remaining performance obligation for any contract for which revenue has been recognised till period end. Further, the Company has not applied the practical expedient as specified in para 121 of Ind AS 115 as the Company do not have any performance obligations that has an original expected duration of one year or more or any revenue stream in which consideration from a customer corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the Company's performance completed to date. (refer note 2.2)

d) Transaction Price

The Company satisfies its performance obligations pertaining to the sale of auto components at point in time when the control of goods is actually transferred to the customers. No significant judgment is involved in evaluating when a customer obtains control of promised goods. The contract is a fixed price contract and do not contain any financing component. The payment is generally due within 30-90 days. There are no other significant obligations attached in the contract with customer.

e) Determining the timing of satisfaction of performance obligations

There is no significant judgements involved in ascertaining the timing of satisfaction of performance obligations, in evaluating when a customer obtains control of promised goods, transaction price and allocation of it to the performance obligations.

f) Determining the transaction price and the amounts allocated to performance obligations

The transaction price ascertained for the only performance obligation of the Company (i.e. Sale of goods) is agreed in the contract with the customer. There is no variable consideration involved in the transaction price except for refund due to shortages which is adjusted with revenue.

g) Cost to obtain contract or fulfil a contract

There is no cost incurred for obtaining or fulfilling a contract and there is no closing assets recognised from the costs incurred to obtain or fulfil a contract with a customer.

31 b) Corporate social responsibility expenditure

The Company does not meet the criteria specified in sub section (1) of section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Companies [Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)] Rules, 2014. Therefore it is not required to incur any expenditure on account of CSR activities during the year.

Note 32 : Income tax expense See Accounting Policy 2.16 Tax Losses

The Company does not have taxable income in current and previous year and hence no tax expenses have been recognized. Further since it is not probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilize the deferred tax assets in respect of following unused tax losses and unabsorbed depreciation, no deferred tax assets have been recognized.

The potential tax benefit is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period in the countries where the Company operates and generate taxable income.

Unused tax losses with respect to unabsorbed depreciation do not have an expiry date.

The Government of India, on September 20, 2019, vide the Taxation Laws (Amendment) Act 2019, inserted a new Section 115BAA in the Income Tax Act, 1961, which provides an option to the Company to pay income taxes at reduced tax rates as per the provisions / conditions defined in the said section. The Company has evaluated and decided to continue under the existing tax regime.

Note 33 : Employee benefits See Accounting Policy 2.11

(A) Defined benefit plans

a) Gratuity

The Company provides for gratuity for employees in India as per the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. Employees who are in continuous service for a period of 5 years are eligible for gratuity. The amount of gratuity payable on retirement/termination is the employees last drawn basic salary and dearness allowance per month computed proportionately for 15 days salary multiplied for the number of years of service. The gratuity plan is a funded plan and the Company makes contributions to recognised funds in India. The Company does not fully fund the liability and maintains a target level of funding to be maintained over a period of time based on estimations of expected gratuity payments.

The above sensitivity analysis is based on a change in an assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. In practice, this is unlikely to occur, and changes in some of the assumptions may be correlated. When calculating the sensitivity of the defined benefit obligation to significant actuarial assumptions the same method (present value of the defined benefit obligation calculated with the projected unit credit method at the end of the reporting period) has been applied as when calculating the defined benefit liability recognised in the balance sheet. The methods and types of assumptions used in preparing the sensitivity analysis did not change compared to the prior period.

* The Company maintains gratuity fund, which is being administered by LIC. Fund value confirmed by LIC as at March 31, 2024 is considered to be the fair value.

Contribution expected to be paid to the plan during the next financial year INR 29.40 lakhs (Previous year INR 21.33 lakhs).

(C) Risk exposure

Through its defined benefit obligations, the company is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant

of which are detailed below:

1. Interest rate risk: The defined benefit obligation is calculated using a discount rate based on government bonds. If bond yields fall, the defined benefit obligation will tend to increase.

2. Salary inflation risk: Higher than expected increases in salary will increase the defined benefit obligation.

3. Demographic risk: For example, as the plan is open to new entrants, an increase in membership will increase the defined benefit obligation. Also, the plan only provides benefits upon completion of a vesting criteria. Therefore, if turnover rates increase then the liability will tend to fall as fewer employees reach vesting period.

Note 34: Segment Information See Acounting Policy 2.18

Ind AS 108 establishes standards for the way that public business enterprises report information about operating segments and related disclosure about products and services, geographic areas and major customer. The Company is engaged mainly in the business of manufacturing and trading of automobile components, design and engineering services. Based on the “management approach” , the 'Board of Directors' (Chief Operating Decision Maker as defined in IND AS 108) considers entire business as single operating segment. The principal geographical area in which the Company operate is India.

a) The closing balances above are net of advances.

b) All outstanding balances are unsecured and are repayable in cash.

c) For borrowing terms and conditions refer note 19.

d) As post employment obligations and other long-term employee benefits obligations are computed for all employees in aggregate, the amounts relating to key management personnel cannot be individually computed and hence are not included in the above.

Note:

In addition to the above, there are certain pending cases in respect of labour matters, the impact of which is not

quantifiable and is not expected to be material.

(a) The Company has received various demand/notices from the Excise and VAT/Sales Tax department on various matters. The Company has filed/is in the process of filing of appeal for these demand/notices and does not expect any significant outflows. Major demand is for mismatch between details as per the Company with that of filed by vendors and other matters such as for alleged evasion of Central Excise duty and alleged contravention of Central Excise Rules for which demand is raised and interest / penalty is charged. Further, the Company has reviewed all its pending litigations and proceedings and has adequately provided for where provisions are required and disclosed as contingent liabilities where applicable, in the financial statements. The management believes that the ultimate outcome of above proceeding will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position and results of operations.

(b) There are numerous interpretative issues relating to the Supreme Court (SC) judgment dated 28th February, 2019, relating to components/allowances paid that need to be taken into account while computing an employer's contribution to provident fund under the Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provident Act, 1952. The Company has also obtained a legal opinion on the matter and basis the same there is no material impact on the financial statements as at 31 March 2021. The Company would record any further effect on its financial statements, on receiving additional clarity on the subject.

(c) The Company is contesting various demands relating to labour matters and the management believes that its position will likely be upheld in the appellate process. The management believes that the ultimate outcome of above proceeding will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position and results of operations.

(d) This represents remote liability pertaining to other employee related matters. The management believe that the chances of outflow of resources is remote.

a. This represents provisions made for probable liabilities / claims arising out of pending dispute / litigations with various regulatory authorities in respect of VAT and CST cases. These provisions are affected by numerous uncertainties and management has taken all efforts to make the best estimates. Timing of outflow of resources will depend upon timing of decision of cases.

b. The Company has made warranty provision on account of sale of products with warranty clause. These provisions are based on management's best estimate and past trends. Actual expenses for warranty are charged directly against the provision. Un-utilized provision is reversed on expiry of the warranty period.

i) Debt-Equity ratio:

The negative shareholder's equity has reduced on account of profit for the current year which has resulted in the decrease of debt equity ratio.

ii) Return on Equity ratio:

The profit of current year has increased in comparison to previous year, however due to the decrease in overall negative shareholder's equity the return on equity ratio has decreased.

iii) Trade receivable turnover ratio:

During the year, there has been an increase in the average trade receivable which reduced the trade receivables turnover ratio.

iv) Net Capital turnover ratio:

During the year the negative working capital has further reduced due to which the ratio net capital turnover ratio has increased.

v) Net Profit ratio:

The profits for the current year have improved resulting into increase in net profit ratio.

Fair value hierarchy

This section explains the judgements and estimates made in determining the fair values of the financial instruments that are (a) recognised and measured at fair value and (b) measured at amortised cost and for which fair values are disclosed in the financial statements. To provide an indication about the reliability of the inputs used in determining fair value, the Company has classified its financial instruments into the three levels prescribed under the accounting standard. An explanation of each level is as follows:

Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using

valuation techniques which maximise the use of observable market data and rely as little as possible on entity-specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable, the instrument is included in level 2.

Level 3 - If one or more of the significant inputs are not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3.

- The carrying amount of trade receivables, cash and cash equivalent, bank balances other than cash and cash equivalent, other current financial assets, short term borrowings, trade payables and other financial liabilities are considered to be same as their fair values, due to their short term nature.

Valuation technique used to determine fair value:

Specific valuation technique used to value financial instruments include

- Fair value of forward foreign exchange contracts is determined using forward exchange rates as at the balance sheet date

- Fair value of the remaining financial instruments is determined using discounted cash flow analysis.

Valuation processes

The finance department of the company includes a team that performs the valuations of financial assets and

liabilities required for financial reporting purposes, including level 3 fair values. Discussions of valuation processes

and results are held between the CFO, VP Finance and the valuation team.

Note 43 : Financial risk management

In the course of its business, the Company is exposed primarily to market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk, which may adversely impact the fair value of its financial instruments. The Company has a risk management policy which not only covers the foreign exchange risks but also other risks associated with the financial assets and liabilities such as credit risks. The risk management policy is approved by the board of directors. The risk management framework aims to:

- Create a stable business planning environment by reducing the impact of currency fluctuations on the Company's business plan.

- Achieve greater predictability to earnings by determining the financial value of the expected earnings in advance.

(A) Market risk

Market risk is the risk of any loss in future earnings, in realizable fair values or in future cash flows that may result from a change in the price of a financial instrument. The value of a financial instrument may change as a result of changes in the, foreign currency exchange rates, liquidity and other market changes. Future specific market movements cannot be normally predicted with reasonable accuracy.

(a) Foreign currency risk

The Company operates internationally and is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from foreign currency transactions, primarily with respect to the USD, EUR and Others. Foreign exchange risk arises from future commercial transactions and recognised assets and liabilities denominated in a currency that is not the Company's functional currency (INR). The risk is measured through a forecast of highly probable foreign currency cash flows. The Company's risk management policy is to hedge around 50% to 70% of forecasted foreign currency sales and purchases for the subsequent 6 months. The objective of the hedges is to minimise the volatility of the INR cash flows of highly probable forecast transactions.

Sensitivity

The sensitivity of profit or loss to changes in the exchange rates arises mainly from foreign currency denominated financial instruments.

(b) Interest rate risk

The Company has fixed rate borrowings and variable rate borrowing. The Company's fixed rate borrowings and loans to subsidiaries and joint ventures are carried at amortised cost. They are therefore not subject to interest rate risk as defined in In AS 107, since neither the carrying amount nor the future cash flows will fluctuate because of a change in market interest rates.

(B) Liquidity risk

Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and marketable securities and the availability of funding through an adequate amount of committed credit facilities to meet obligations when due and to close out market positions. Due to the dynamic nature of the underlying businesses, the Company treasury maintains flexibility in funding by maintaining availability under committed credit lines.

Management monitors rolling forecasts of the Company's liquidity position and cash and cash equivalents on the basis of expected cash flows. The Company's liquidity management policy involves projecting cash flows in major currencies and considering the level of liquid assets necessary to meet this. The Company invests its surplus funds in bank fixed deposit and liquid mutual funds which carry no / low mark to market risk.

Maturities of financial liabilities

The tables below analyse the Company's financial liabilities into relevant maturity groupings based on their contractual maturities for:

- all non-derivative financial liabilities, and

- net and gross settled derivative financial instruments for which the contractual maturities are essential for an understanding of the timing of the cash flows.

The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows. Balances due within 12 months equal their carrying balances as the impact of discounting is not significant.

(C) Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss arising from counterparty failure to repay or service debt according to the contractual terms or obligations. Credit risk encompasses both the direct risk of default and the risk of deterioration of creditworthiness. For the Company, credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents, other balances and deposits with bank and financial institutions and trade receivables.

Credit risk management

For banks and financial institutions, only high rated banks/institutions are accepted.

For other financial assets, the Company considers the probability of default upon initial recognition of asset and whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk on an ongoing basis throughout each reporting period. To assess whether there is a significant increase in credit risk the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the asset as at the reporting date with the risk of default as at the date of initial recognition. It considers available reasonable and supportive forwarding-looking information. Especially the following indicators are incorporated:

- actual or expected significant adverse changes in business, financial or economic conditions that are expected to cause a significant change to the counterparty ability to meet its obligations

- actual or expected significant changes in the operating results of the counterparty

- significant increase in credit risk on other financial instruments of the same counterparty

- significant changes in the value of the collateral supporting the obligation or in the quality of third-party guarantees or credit enhancements

In general, it is presumed that credit risk has significantly increased since initial recognition if the payments are more than 90 days past due.

A default on a financial asset is when the counterparty fails to make contractual payments within 365 days of when they fall due. This definition of default is determined by considering the business environment in which entity operates and other macro-economic factors.

Exposure to credit risk

The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure.

None of the Company's cash equivalents, including time deposits with banks, are past due or impaired. Regarding trade receivables and other receivables, and other financial assets that are neither impaired nor past due, there were no indications as at March 31, 2024, that defaults in payment obligations will occur.

Financial assets that are neither past due nor impaired

None of the Company's cash equivalents, including time deposits with banks, are past due or impaired. Regarding trade receivables and other receivables, and other financial assets that are neither impaired nor past due, there were no indications as at March 31, 2023, that defaults in payment obligations will occur.

The Company follows 12 months expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from those default events on the financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date) model for recognition of impairment loss on financial assets measured at amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income other than trade receivables.

The ageing of trade receivable as on balance sheet date is given below. The age analysis has been considered from the due date.

Note 44 : Capital Management (a) Risk management

The Company's objectives when managing capital are to:

• Safeguard their ability to continue as a going concern, so that they can continue to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders, and

• Maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.

The Company determines the amount of capital required on the basis of annual operating plans and longterm product and other strategic investment plans. The funding requirements are met through equity, long term borrowings and short-term borrowings. The Company's policy is aimed at combination of short-term and longterm borrowings. The Company monitors the capital structure on the basis of total debt to equity ratio and maturity profile of the overall debt portfolio of the Company.

Note 46: Social Security Code

The Indian Parliament has approved the Code on Social Security, 2020 which would impact the contributions by the Company towards Provident Fund and Gratuity. The Ministry of Labour and Employment has released draft rules for the Code on Social Security, 2020 on November 13, 2020, and has invited suggestions from stakeholders which are under active consideration by the Ministry. The Company will assess the impact and its evaluation once the subject rules are notified and will give appropriate impact in its financial statements in the period in which, the Code becomes effective and the related rules to determine the financial impact are published.

Note 47: Other Statutory information

a. The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property

b. There are no transactions and / or balance outstanding with companies struck off under section 248 of the Companies Act, 2013.

c. The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.

d. The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.

e. The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(is), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:

i) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

ii) provided any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries

f. The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(is), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:

i) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

ii) provided any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries

g. The Company does not any transactions which are not recorded in the books of accounts that have been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961)

h. The company does not have any investments through more than two layers of investment companies as per section 2(87) (d) and section 186 of Companies Act, 2013.

i. The company has been sanctioned working capital limits in excess of five crore rupees, in aggregate, from banks or financial institutions on the basis of security of current assets. The monthly returns or statements filled by the company with such banks or financial institutions are in agreement with the books of account of the company.

j. The company has not revalued its property, plant and equipment (including right-of-use assets) or intangible assets or both during the current or previous year.

k. Company has not been declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any government authority.

l. The company has not entered into any scheme of arrangement which has an accounting impact on current or previous financial year.