P PROVISION AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
Provisions: Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance sheet date and are not discounted to its present value.
Contingent Liabilities: Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle ora reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.
Q CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
In the Cash Flow Statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, demand and short term deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
R FINANCIAL ASSETS AT AMORTISED COST
Finanaal assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost if these financial assets are held within a business whose objectwe is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
S FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and a contractual terms of the finanaal assets give rise on the specified dates to cash flows that are solely payment of the prinapal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
T FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS
Financial assets are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income on initial recognition. The transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of assets and liabilities at fair value through profit and loss are immediately recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
U FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Finanaal liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, if tenure repayment of such liability exceeds one year.
V EQUITY INSTRUMENTS
An equity instrument is a contract that evidences residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities. The Company recognises equity instruments at proceeds received net off direct issue cost
W RECLASSIFICATION OF FINANCIAL ASSETS
The Company determines classification of the finanaal assets and liabilities on initial recognitions. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a redassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent The Company’s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the company's operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when a company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognized gains, losses (including impairment gains and losses) or interest.
X OFFSETTING OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Finanaal assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet if there is currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amourts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously
Y LEASES:
Leases in which a substantial portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments and receipts under such leases are recognised to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straightline basis over the term of the lease unless the lease payments to the lessor are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor's expected inflationary cost increases in which case the same are recognised as an expense in fine with the contractual term.
Z FUNCTIONAL AND PRESENTATION CURRENCY
Indian Rupees is the functional and presentation currency
29 Fair Value Measurement
The management assessed that the fair values of short term financial assets and liabilities significantly approximate their carrying amounts largely due to the shortterm maturities of these Instruments. The fair value of financial assets and liabilities Is Included at the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transactin'! among wiling parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale
The Company determines fair values of tinancial assets and financial liabilities by discounting contractual cash inflows/ outflows using prevailing interest rates of financial instruments with similar terms. The fair value of investment s determined using quoted net assets value from the fund. Further, the subsequent measurement of all finance assets and liabilities (other than investment in mutual funds) is at amortized cost, using ihe effective interest method.
Discount rates used in determining fair value
The Interest rate used to discount estimated future cash flows, where appllcabe. are based on the Incremental borrowing rate of Ihe borrower which in case of financial liabilities is the weighted a/erage cost of borrowing of the Company and in case of financial assets is the average market rate of similar credits rated hstrument.
The company maintains policies and procedures to value financial assets or financial liabilities using the best and most relevant data available. In addition, the Company internally reviews valuation, ncluding independent price validation for certain instruments.
Fair value hierarchy
Al financial instruments for which fair value is recognized or disclosed are categorized within the fair value hierarchy described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole.
Level-1
Quoted (unadjusted) price is active market for identical assets or liabilities Level 2:
Valuation technique for which the lowest level input tnat has a significant effect on the fair value measurement are observed, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3
Valuation technique for which the bwest level input has a significant effect on Ihe fair value measurement is not based on observation market data.
30 Financial Instruments and Risk Review
i) Capital Management
The Company's capital management objectives are:-
The Board policy is to maintain a strong capital base so as to maintain investors, creditors and market confidence and future development of the business. The Board of Directors monitors return on capital employed.
The Company manages capital risk by maintaining sound/optimal capital structure through monitoring of tinancial ratios, such as debt-to-equity ratio and net borrowings-to-equity ratio on a monthly basis and implements capital structure improvement plan when necessary.
The Company uses debt ratio as a capital management Index and calculates tne ratio as Net debt divided by total equity. Net debt and total equity are based on the amounts stated in the financial statements.
ii) Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss arising from ccunter-party failure to repay or service debt according to contractual terms or obligations. Credit risk encompasses both, the direct risk of defailt and the risk of deterioration of creditworthiness as well as concentration of risks. Credit risk is controlled by analysing credit limit and creditworthiness of customers on a continuous basis to whom the credit has been granted.
55 Utilisation of Borrowed funds and share premium: The company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds (either borrowed funds or share premium or any other sources or kind of funds) to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermedianes) wth the understanding (whether recorded in witing or otherwise) that the Intermediary shall (i) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or (ii) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries
56 Undisclosed income - There is no case of search or survey of any other cases related to income surrendered or disclosed in any tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961.
57 The company has not invested in Crypto Currency or Virtual Currency, hence related details are not provided
Arvind J. Kakadia Kint J. Kakadia Vivek M. Moliya
Managing Director Whole Time Director & Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary
DIN No.: 06893183 Dl N No.: 06893686
Race: Kuvadava, Rajkot Place: Kuvadava, Rajkot Place: Kuvadava, Rajkot
Date: 14.05.2024 Date: 14.05.2024 Date 14.05.2024
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