viii) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material). The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.
Contingent assets are disclosed when there is a possible asset arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company.
ix) Revenue recognition
The Company derives revenue primarily by providing Enterprise Geospatial & Engineering Services and sale of software and electricity.
a) Revenue from enterprise geospatial & engineering services:
Revenue is recognised when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.
Arrangements with customers are either on a fixed-price, fixed-timeframe or on a time-and-material basis. Revenue is recognised based on performance obligations satisfied from the contracts; where the performance obligations are satisfied over time and where there is no uncertainty as to measurement or collectability, consideration is recognized as per the percentage-of-completion method on the basis of cost incurred. When there is uncertainty as to measurement or ultimate collectability, revenue recognition is postponed until such uncertainty is resolved. Efforts or costs expended have been used to measure progress towards completion as there is a direct relationship between input and productivity. Maintenance revenue is recognized rateably over the term of the underlying maintenance arrangement.
Revenues in excess of invoicing are classified as contract assets (which The Company refer as unbilled revenue) while invoicing in excess of revenues are classified as contract liabilities (which we refer to as unearned revenue).
In determining the transaction price for the sale of good or rendering of service, the Company considers the effects of variable consideration and provisional pricing, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment and excluding taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government. The Company considers whether there are other promises in the contract that are separate performance obligations to which a portion of the transaction price needs to be allocated.
Contract modifications are accounted for when additions, deletions or changes are approved either to the contract scope or contract price. The accounting for modifications of contracts involves assessing whether the services added to an existing contract are distinct and whether the pricing is at the standalone selling price. Services added that are not distinct are accounted for on a cumulative catch up basis, while those that are distinct are accounted for prospectively, either as a separate contract, if the additional services are priced at the standalone selling price, or as a termination of the existing contract and creation of a new contract if not priced at the standalone selling price.
b) Sale of Software Products
Revenue is recognised when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.
c) Sale of Electricity
Sale of electricity is recognised based on electricity generated and eligible to be invoiced during the reporting period.
d) Dividend
Dividend is recognised as income when the Company's right to receive the dividend is established by the reporting date.
e) Interest
Interest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the amortised cost and at the effective interest rate applicable.
Dividend and interest income is included under the head 'Other income' in the statement of profit and loss.
Contract balances Contract assets
A contract asset is the right to consideration in exchange for goods or services transferred to the customer. If the Company performs by transferring goods or services to a customer before the customer pays consideration or before payment is due, a contract asset is recognised for the earned consideration that is conditional.
Trade receivables
A receivable represents the Company's right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional. Refer to accounting policies of financial assets in note no. 2.2 (i) Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement.
Contract liabilities
A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods or services to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made or the payment is due (whichever is earlier). Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.
x) Foreign Currency Transactions & Translations
In preparing the financial statements of the Company, transactions in currencies other than the company's functional currency viz. Indian Rupee are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are recognised in statement of profit and loss.
Exchange differences on monetary items are recognised in statement of profit and loss in the period in which they arise.
In case of an asset, expense or income where a non-monetary advance is paid/received, the date of transaction is the date on which the advance was initially recognized. If there were multiple payments or receipts in advance, multiple dates of transactions are determined for each payment or receipt of advance consideration.
xi) Taxes on Income
Tax expense for the period, comprising current tax and deferred tax, are included in the determination of the net profit or loss for the period. Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the separate financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Current and deferred tax are recognised in profit or loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other
comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively. Where current tax or deferred tax arises from the initial accounting for a business combination, the tax effect is included in the accounting for the business combination. Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off assets against liabilities representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.
xii) Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the Balance Sheet comprise cash at banks, cash on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of the Company's cash management.
xiii) Deferred Revenue and Unbilled Revenue
Amounts received from customers or billed to customers, in advance of services performed are recorded as deferred revenue under Other Current Liabilities. Unbilled revenue included in Current Financial Assets, represents amounts recognised in respect of services performed in accordance with contract terms, not yet billed to customers as at the year end.
xiv) Segment Reporting
The Chairman of the Company has been identified as the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) as defined by Ind AS 108, "Operating Segments.
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the CODM.
The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for the Company. Revenue and expenses have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Income / Costs which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been included under Unallocated Income/Costs. Interest income and expense are not allocated to respective segments.
As per Ind AS, if a financial report contains consolidated financial statement of a parent that is within the scope of Ind As as well as parent's separate financial statements, Segment
information is required only in the consolidated financial statements. Accordingly, the Company has disclosed segment information only in consolidated financial statement.
xv) Dividend Distribution:
Annual dividend distribution to the shareholders is recognised as a liability in the period in which the dividends are approved by the shareholders. Any interim dividend paid is recognised on approval by Board of Directors. Dividend payable and corresponding tax on dividend distribution is recognised directly in other equity.
xvi) Fair value measurement:
The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each Balance Sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
a) In the principal market for the asset or liability, or
b) In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy.
2b) Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainties
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which the results are known / materialise.
(i) Revenue Recognition: The Company uses the percentage-of-completion method in accounting for
its fixed - price contracts. The use of the percentage-of-completion method requires the Company to estimate the efforts or costs expended to date as a proportion of total efforts or costs to be expended. Efforts or costs have been used to measure progress towards completion as there is direct relationship between input and productivity. Provisions for estimated losses, if any, on uncompleted contracts are recorded in their period in which such losses become probable based on the expected contract estimates at the reporting date.
(ii) Expected Credit Loss: The Company applies Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment on financial assets. The Company measures the ECL associated with its assets based on historical trend, industry practices and the business environment in which entity operates or any other appropriate basis. For trade receivables, the Company follows 'simplified approach' for recognition of impairment loss allowance. As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on portfolio of its trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in forward-looking estimates are analysed.
(iii) Useful life of Assets:
Depreciation is derived after determining an estimate of an asset's expected useful life and the expected residual value at the end of its life. The useful lives and residual values of Company's assets are determined by management at the time the asset is acquired and reviewed periodically, including at each financial year end. The lives are based on historical experience with similar assets as well as anticipation of future events, which may impact their life, such as changes in technology.
(iv) Defined benefit plans:
The cost of the defined benefit plans and the present value of the defined benefit obligation are based on actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
23.01 The Working Capital facilities from Banks :
(i) ' 8.45 Lakhs (March 31,2023 : ' 2,918.45 Lakhs) is secured by the way of Hypothecation of Inventory and Book Debts, also the following properties are collaterized by simple mortgage : 1) Land & Building on Plot No. 10/5, IT Park of MIDC, South Ambazari Road, Mauza Parsodi, infront of VNIT Institute, Tal & Dist . Nagpur. 2) Unit No. 414, 4th Floor, Tantia Jogani Indl. Premises Co-Op Soc . Ltd. J. R Boricha Marg, Sitaram Mill Compound , Lower Parel, Mumbai.3) Continuation of Lien on existing all Term Deposits Offered being Margin for BG & LC Limit. 4) Various other immovable property owned by Promoters at different locations in India & Personal Guarantees of Directors. 5) Cash collateral in the form of Fixed Deposit of ' 324.13 Lakhs. This Working Capital Loan carries a interest at the rate of 11.25 % p.a.
(ii) ' 345.65 Lakhs (March 31,2023 : ' 1,399.43 Lakhs) is secured by the way of hypothecation of the company's Inventory, Book Debts and all the current assets present and future ranking Pari- passu with other consortium member i.e. Abhyudaya Co-operative Bank Ltd. Apart from the above the following properties have been collateralised in the form of : 1) Pledge of 13.25 Lakh Shares of the Company owned by Raghav Infra Developers 2) Immovable property owned by the Company at Nagpur (Leasehold land) and at Lower Parel (office) and various other immovable property owned by Promoters at different locations in India. 3) Cash collateral in the form of Fixed Deposit of ' 175.00 Lakhs. 4) Personal Guarantees of Directors & their relatives & also Corporate Guarantees of Raghav Infra Developers & Builders Private Limited, SMG Realities Private Limited & SMG Hospitals Private Limited This Working Capital Loan carries a interest at the rate of 10.65% p.a.
23.02 Inter Corporate Loan from:-
Related Party: from a wholly owned Subsidiary are repayable within 12 months and carries an interest rate of 9.5% p.a.
23.03 Long Term Debt:
' NIL (March 31,2023 : ' 35.02 Lakhs) of term loan was secured by way of charge on the Plant & Machinery purchased by the Company.
The above sensitivity analysis are based on change in an assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. In practice, this is unlikely to occur, and changes in some of the assumptions may be correlated. When calculating the sensitivity of the defined benefit obligation to significant actuarial assumptions the same method (present value of the defined benefit obligation calculated with the projected unit credit method at the end of the reporting period) has been applied as when calculating the defined benefit liability recognised in the balance sheet.
The estimates of future salary increases, considered in actuarial valuation, take account of inflation, seniority, promotion and other relevant factors, such as supply and demand in the employment market.
32.03: Risk exposures Investment risk
The present value of the defined benefit plan liability is calculated using a discount rate which is determined by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds. Plan investment is a qualifying insurance policy with the LIC of India.
Interest risk
A decrease in the bond interest rate will increase the plan liability; however, this will be partially offset by an increase in the return on the plan's investments.
Longevity risk
The present value of the defined benefit plan liability is calculated by reference to the best estimate of the mortality of plan participants both during and after their employment. An increase in the life expectancy of the plan participants will increase the plan's liability.
Salary risk
The present value of the defined benefit plan liability is calculated by reference to the future salaries of plan participants. As such, an increase in the salary of the plan participants will increase the plan's liability.
Gratuity and Leave plans typically expose the Company to actuarial risks such as: investment risk, interest rate risk, longevity risk and salary risk.
The Company has no legal obligation to settle the deficit in the funded plan (Gratuity) with an immediate contribution or additional one off contributions. The Company intends to continue to contribute the defined benefit plans in line with the insurer's latest recommendations.
32.04 Details of Asset-Liability Matching Strategy:-
Gratuity benefits liabilities of the company are funded. There are no minimum funding requirements for a Gratuity benefits plan in India and there is no compulsion on the part of the Company to fully or partially pre-fund the liabilities under the Plan.
The company have outsourced the investment management of the fund to an insurance company. The insurance company in turn manages these funds as per the mandate provided to them and the asset allocation which is within the permissible limits prescribed in the insurance regulations. Due to the restrictions in the type of investments that can be held by the fund, it may not be possible to explicitly follow an asset-liability matching strategy to manage risk actively in a conventional fund.
Other Long Term Employee Benefit Obligations
The Company's liability is actuarially determined (using the Projected Unit Credit method) at the end of each year. Actuarial losses/ gains are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise.
32.06 Share Based Payments
Ceinsys Employee Stock Option Scheme, 2022 - Plan 1 & Ceinsys Employee Stock Option Scheme, 2022 - Plan 2 ("ESOS")
In order to provide equity settled incentive to specific employees of the Company and its subsidiaries, the Company has introduced ESOS. The ESOS includes tenure-based stock options. The specific employees to whom these Options are granted and their eligibility criteria are determined by the Compensation committee (CC), for the purpose of ESOS, the Nomination Remuneration Committee is designated as the CC.
During the FY 2022-23, 9,08,000 Options (Plan 1 - 1,66,188 options & Plan 2 - 7,41,812 options) were granted to the eligible employees at an exercise price of ' 10 per option respectively . Exercise period is 5 years from the date of vesting (in maximum 3 tranches) of the respective options.
41.02 Fair Valuation techniques used to determine fair value
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values:
1 Fair value of cash and cash equivalents, other bank balances, trade receivables (billed & unbilled) , trade payables, current loans, current borrowings, deposits and other current financial assets and liabilities are approximate at their carrying amounts largely due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
2 The fair values of non-current borrowings and margin money are approximate at their carrying amount due to interest bearing features of these instruments.
41.03 Fair value hierarchy
The Company uses the following hierarchy for determining and disclosing the fair value of financial instruments by valuation techniques:-
Level 1- Quoted prices / published Net Assets Value (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. It includes fair value of financial instruments traded in active markets and are based on quoted market prices at the Balance Sheet date and financial instruments like mutual funds for which Net Assets Value is published by mutual fund operators at the Balance Sheet date.
Level 2- Inputs, other than quoted prices included within level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices). It includes fair value of the financial instruments that are not traded in an active market (for example, over-the-counter derivatives) is determined by using valuation techniques. These valuation techniques maximise the use of observable market data where it is available and rely as little as possible on the Company specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable then instrument is included in level 2.
Level 3- Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is, unobservable inputs). If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3.
The following table provides hierarchy of the fair value measurement of Company's asset and liabilities, grouped into Level 1 (Quoted prices in active markets), Level 2 (Significant observable inputs) and Level 3 (Significant unobservable inputs) as described below:
Note : 42 Financial Risk Management
The company's activities expose it to market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company's financial risk management is an integral part of how to plan and execute its business strategies. The Company's financial risk management policy is set by the Committee of Board of Directors.
A Market Risk
Market Risk is the risk that the future value of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to moves in the market factors. The value of a financial instrument may change as a result of changes in the interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity prices and other market changes that affect market risk sensitive instruments.
The Company manages market risk through a treasury department headed by the CFO, which evaluates and exercises independent control over the entire process of market risk management and the processes of risk management is also approved by Senior Management and the Audit Committee.
The most common types of market risks include
- interest rate risk,
- foreign currency risk and
- equity price risk.
(i) Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company having non current borrowing in the form of Term Loan . Also, the Company is having current borrowings in the form of working capital facility and Inter Corporate Loans. There is a fixed rate of interest in case of Inter corporate deposit and Vehicle Loan hence, there is no interest rate risk associated with these borrowings. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk associated with Term Loan and working capital facility due to floating rate of interest.
The table below illustrates the impact of a 0.5% increase in interest rates on interest on financial liabilities assuming that the changes occur at the reporting date and has been calculated based on risk exposure outstanding as of date. The year end balances are not necessarily representative of the average debt outstanding during the year.
(iii) Equity Price Risk:
The Company's investments in unquoted equity shares are subject to market price risk arising from uncertainties about future values of the invested securities. The Company's investments in unquoted equity shares other than subsidiaries is very limited and the same is reviewed and approved by senior management on a regular basis."
B Credit risk
Credit risk arises from the possibility that the counter party may not be able to settle their obligation as agreed. To manage this, the Company periodically assesses financial reliability of customers and other counter parties, taking into account the financial condition, current economic trends, and analysis of historical bad debts and ageing of financial assets. Individual risk limits are periodically reviewed on the basis of such information.
Financial assets are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery, such as a debtor failing to engage in a repayment plan with the Company. Where loans or receivables have been written off, the Company continues to engage in enforcement activity to attempt to recover the receivable due. Where recoveries are made in respect of written off are recognised as income in the statement of profit and loss.
Cash and cash equivalents and deposits: Balances and deposits with banks are subject to low credit risks due to good credit. Trade and other receivables:
The Company measures the expected credit loss of trade receivables, retention with customers and other financial assets which are subject to credit risk, based on historical trend, industry practices and the business environment in which the entity operates and adjusted for forward looking information. Loss rates are based on actual credit loss experience and past trends.
The Company has used practical expedient by computing the expected credit loss allowance for trade receivables based on provision matrix. The provision matrix taken into account historical credit loss experience and adjusted for forward looking information. The expected credit loss allowance is based on ageing of the days the receivables are due.
Note : 43 Capital Management
The primary objective of capital management is to safeguard their ability to continue as going concern, so they can continue to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. The Company considers the amount of capital in proportion to risk and manages the capital structure in light of changes in economic conditions and risk management of the underlying assets.
The Company monitors the capital structure on the basis of total debt and equity ratio and maturity profile of overall debt portfolio of the Company.
i) There are no balances outstanding on account of any transaction with companies struck off under section 248 of the Companies Act, 2013 or section 560 of Companies Act, 1956.
ii) The Company does not have any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of account surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income-tax act, 1961.
iii) No proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and rules made thereunder.
iv) The Company is not declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or other lender.
v) The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities
(Intermediaries) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Intermediary shall: (a) Directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or (b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
vi) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(s), including entities (Funding Party) with the understanding
(whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the (a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any
manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or (b) Provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
vii) The company has not traded or inveseted in crypto currency or virtual currency during the financial year.
Note : 48
The Board of Director of the Company at its meeting held on 7th November, 2023, has approved the Scheme of Amalgamation between the Company and Allygrow Technologies Private Limited ("ATPL" or "Transferor Company"), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, and their respective shareholders and Creditors ("Scheme") under sections 230 to 232 and other applicable provisions of the Companies Act, 2013. The Appointed Date for the Scheme is 1st April, 2024. The Scheme is subject to necessary statutory / regulatory approvals under applicable laws including approval of the National Company Law Tribunal.
Note : 49
Previous Year's figures have been regrouped / rearranged wherever necessary to make them comparable with those of current year.
As per our report of even date For and on behalf of Board of Directors
For CHATURVEDI & SHAH LLP Prashant Kamat
Chartered Accountants (Whole Time Director, Vice Chairman and CEO)
Firm Registration Number : 101720W / W100355 (DIN No. 07212749)
Rupesh Shah Abhay Kimmatkar
(Partner) (Managing Director)
Membership Number : 117964 (DIN No. 01984134 )
CA Amita Saxena CS Pooja Karande
Place : Mumbai (Chief Financial Officer) (Company Secretary)
Date : May 27, 2024 (Membership No. A54401)
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