(K) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; and the amount has been reliably estimated.
Provisions are measured at the present value of management's best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pretax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.
Contingent liabilities
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company. A present obligation that arises from past events but it is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation or the amount of obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability is termed as contingent liability.
Contingent Assets
A contingent asset is disclosed, where an inflow of economic benefits is probable
(L) Foreign currency translation
(i) Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the financial statements of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates ('the functional currency'). The financial statements are presented in 'Indian Rupees' (Rs.), which is the Company's functional and presentation currency.
(ii) Transactions and balances
(a) Foreign currency transactions are translated into
the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions.
(b) All exchange differences arising on reporting
of foreign currency monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. (c) In respect of foreign exchange differences arising on restatement or settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items, the Company has availed the option available in Ind AS 101 to continue the policy adopted for accounting for exchange differences arising from translation of longterm foreign currency monetary items.
• Foreign exchange differences on account of depreciable asset, are adjusted in the cost of depreciable asset and would be depreciated over the balance life of asset.
• In other cases, foreign exchange difference is accumulated in "foreign currency monetary item translation difference account" and amortised over the balance period of such long-term asset / liabilities.
(d) Non-monetary items denominated in foreign currency are stated at the rates prevailing on the date of the transactions / exchange rate at which transaction is actually affected.
(M) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company
and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria are met before revenue is recognized:
(i) Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking in to account the amount outstanding and the applicable interest rate
(ii) Dividend income is recognised when the Companies right to receive dividend is established on the reporting date.
(iii) Other Income account on accrual basis
(N) Employee benefits
short-term obligations
Liabilities for wages and salaries, including nonmonetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employees' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.
other long-term employee benefit obligations
The liabilities for earned leave and sick leave are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. They are therefore measured as the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period using the projected unit credit method. The benefits are discounted using the market yields at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Remeasurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in Statement of profit and loss.
The obligations are presented as current liabilities in the balance sheet if the entity does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting period, regardless of when the actual settlement is expected to occur.
(O) income tax
The income tax expense or credit for the period is the tax payable on the current period's taxable income based on the applicable income tax rate for each jurisdiction adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary differences and to unused tax losses.
The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.
Deferred income tax is provided in full, on temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements. Deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit (tax loss). Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the deferred income tax liability is settled.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and losses.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities. Current tax assets and tax liabilities are offset where the entity has a legally enforceable right to offset and intends either to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Current and deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in Other Comprehensive Income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in Other Comprehensive Income or directly in equity.
(P) Cash and cash equivalents
For the purpose of presentation in the Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits with banks, short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.
(Q) Earnings per share Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing:
- the profit attributable to owners of the Company
- by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year.
Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share adjusts the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account:
- the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, and
- the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(R) cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.
(s) segment reporting
The operating segment has been identified and reported taking into account its internal financial reporting, performance evaluation and organizational structure of its operations. Operating segment is reported in the manner evaluated by Board, considered as Chief
Operating Decision Maker under Ind AS 108 "Operating Segment".
(T) Dividends
Provision is made for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately authorised and no longer at the discretion of the entity, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed at the end of the reporting period.
(U) Exceptional items
The Company discloses certain financial information both including / excluding exceptional items. The presentation of information excluding exceptional items allows a better understanding of underlying operating performance of the Company and provides consistency with the Company's internal management reporting. Exceptional items are identified by virtue of either size or nature so as to facilitate the comparison with prior period and to assess underlying trends in financial performance of the Company.
:.2 Critical accounting estimates and judgements
The preparation of the financial statements under Ind AS requires management to take decisions and make estimates and assumptions that may impact the value of revenues, costs, assets and liabilities and the related disclosures concerning the items involved as well as contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date. Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.
The Company makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:
(a) Useful lives of property, plant and equipment
The Company has estimated its useful lives of wind power assets based on the expected wear and tear, industry trends etc. In actual, the wear and tear can be different. When the useful lives differ from the original
estimated useful lives, the Company will adjust the estimated useful lives accordingly. It is possible that the estimates made based on existing experience are different to the actual outcomes within the next financial period and could cause a material adjustment to the carrying amount of Property, Plant and Equipment.
(b) income taxes
There are transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain and would get finalized on completion of assessment by tax authorities. Where the final tax outcome is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred tax provisions in the period in which such determination is made.
The Company is eligible to claim tax holiday on income generated from wind power generation. The deferred tax on temporary differences which are reversing after the tax holiday period have been estimated considering future projections and Company's plan to start claiming tax holiday in certain years. It is possible that this estimate may be different to the actual outcome within the next financial periods and could cause material adjustments to the deferred tax recognised in financial statements.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the same can be utilised. Significant management judgement is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies.
(c) Fair value measurement and valuation process
The Company measured its investments in equity shares of subsidiaries at fair value and certain financial assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes.
The fair values of investments in subsidiaries are not quoted in an active market and are determined by using valuation techniques, primarily earnings multiples and discounted cash flows. The models used to determine fair values including estimates / judgements involved are validated and periodically reviewed by the
management. The inputs used in the valuation models include unobservable data of the Companies which are categorised within level III fair value measurements. They are based on historical experience, technical evaluation and other factors, including expectations of future events. Considering the level of estimation involved and unobservable inputs, the Company has engaged a third-party qualified valuer to perform the valuation. Based on the actual performance of respective subsidiaries project, the inputs considered for valuation may vary materially and could cause a material adjustment to carrying amount of investments.
(d) impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment of financial assets and credit risk exposure. ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the year is recognized as income / expense in the statement of profit and loss (P&L).
2.3 Previous year's figures
The Previous year's figures have been recast/restated, wherever necessary to confirm to current year classification.
NOTE 12.3: iSSUE OF SHARES UNDER RiGHTS iSSUE
The Company had issued 2,46,49,206 equity shares of face value of '1/- each on right basis ('Rights Equity Shares'). In accordance with the terms of issue, '10.00 i.e. 50 % of the issue price per Rights Equity Shares, was received from the concerned allottees on application and shares were allotted. The Board had made First and final call of '10 per Right Equity Shares (including a premium of '9.50 per share) in January 2024. As on March 31,2024, 82,37,381 partly paid-up equity shares are outstanding on which aggregate amount of '823.74 Lakh is unpaid.
Proceeds of the Right Issue '4106.10 lacs was invested in one subsidiary amounting to '2802.61 lacs and balance are commercially deployed as an unsecured loan. It was clear non-compliance of the letter of offer for utilization of proceeds for the working capital requirements and other general corporate purpose.
NOTE 12.4: TERMS/RiGHTS ATTACHED TO EQUiTY SHARES
i) The Company has only one class of share capital,i.e.equity shares having face value of '1/- per share. Each holder of equity share is entiltled to one vote per share, The equity shareholders are entitled to receive dividends as and when declared.
ii) In the event of liquidation of the Company,the holders of equity shares will be entiteld to receive remaining assets of the Company,after distribution of all prefrencial amounts.The distribution will be in proportion to the no.of equity shares held by the shareholder.
NOTE-29: DISCLOSURE PURSUANT TO EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS
The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognised as an expense during the period when the employees render the services. The Company pays gratuity to the employees who have completed five years of service with the Company at the time of resignation/ superannuation. The gratuity is paid @15 days basic salary for every completed year of service as per the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972, However, None of employee complete the minimum 5 year of service, hence no provision has been made for gratuity payment.
(a) Defined contribution plans
The Company not makes in contributions, determined as a specified percentage of employee salaries, in respect of qualifying employees towards
Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund which is a defined contribution plan. The Company has obligations to make the specified contributions. The contributions are charged to the statement of profit and loss as they accrue. The amount recognised as an expense towards contribution to Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund for the year are summarised below.
Through its defined benefit plan, the Company is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant of which are detailed
below
1 Interest Rate risk: The plan exposes the Company to the risk of fall in interest rates. A fall in interest rates will result in an increase in the ultimate cost of providing the above benefit and will thus result in an increase in the value of the liability (as shown in financial statements).
2 Demographic Risk: The Company has used certain mortality and attrition assumptions in valuation of the liability. The Company is exposed to the risk of actual experience turning out to be worse compared to the assumption.
3 Salary Escalation Risk: The present value of the defined benefit plan is calculated with the assumption of salary increase rate of plan participants in future. Deviation in the rate of increase of salary in future for plan participants from the rate of increase in salary used to determine the present value of obligation will have a bearing on the plan's liabilty.
4 Liquidity Risk: This is the risk that the Company is not able to meet the short-term gratuity payouts. This may arise due to non availabilty of enough cash / cash equivalent to meet the liabilities or holding of illiquid assets not being sold in time.
5 Regulatory Risk: Gratuity benefit is paid in accordance with the requirements of the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 (as amended from time to time). There is a risk of change in regulations requiring higher gratuity payouts.
NOTE 32: FiNANCiAL RiSK MANAGEMENT:
The Company's business activities are exposed to a variety of financial risks, namely liquidity risk, market risks and credit risk. The Company's senior management has the overall responsibility for establishing and governing the Company 's risk management framework
The Company's activities expose it to credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk. This note explains the sources of risks which the entity is exposed to and how it mitigates that risk.
Liquidity risk:
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will face in meeting its obligations associated with its financial liabilities.The Company's approach in managing liquidity is to ensure that it will have sufficient funds to meet its liabilities when due
Market risk:
Market risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market prices comprise three types of risk: currency rate risk, interest rate risk and other price risks, such as equity price risk and commodity risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk include loans and borrowings and investments in securities.
Foreign currency risk
The Company is exposed to insignificant foreign exchange risk as at the respective reporting dates.
Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company that a customer or counter party to a financial instrument fails to meet its obligations. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its investing activities, including deposits with banks.
Trade and other receivables:
The Company extends credit to customers in normal course of business. The Company considers factors such as credit track record in the market and past dealings for extension of credit to customers. To manage credit risk, the Company periodically assesses the financial reliability of the customer, taking into account the financial condition, current economic trends, and analysis of historical bad debts and aging of accounts receivables. Outstanding customer receivables are regularly monitored to make an assessment of recoverability. Receivables are provided as doubtful / written off, when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. Where receivables have been provided / written off, the Company continues regular follow-up , engage with the customers, legal options / any other remedies available with the objective of recovering these outstandings.
Cash and cash equivalents and other investments
The Company is exposed to counter party risk relating to medium term deposits with banks. The Company considers factors such as track record, size of the institution, market reputation and service standards to select the banks with which balances and deposits are maintained. Generally, the balances are maintained with the institutions with which the Company has also availed borrowings. The Company does not maintain significant cash and deposit balances other than those required for its day to day operations.
i) Details of benami property held -
No proceedings have been initiated on or are pending against the company for holding benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and Rules made thereunder.
ii) Borrowing secured against current assets
No loan facilities availed by the Company against the current assets as primary security, hence, reporting Quarterly return/ statements reconciliation with books of accounts is not applicable.
iii) Wilful defaulter
Company have not been declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any government authority.
iv) Relationship with struck off companies
The company has no transactions with companies struck off under Companies Act, 2013 or Companies Act, 1956.
v) registration of charges or satisfaction with registrar of companies
No charges was created or satisfied during the year , hence the Registration of chrages or satisfication of charges with Resistrar of Companies was not applicable
vi) compliance with number of layers of companies
The company has complied with the number of layers prescribed under the Companies Act, 2013.
vii) compliance with approved scheme(s) of arrangements
The company has not entered into any scheme of arrangement which has an accounting impact on current financial year.
viii) Undisclosed income
The company has not surrendered or disclosed as income during the current or previous year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961, that has not been recorded in the books of account.
ix) Details of crypto currency or virtual currency
The company has not traded or invested in crypto currency or virtual currency during the current or previous year.
x) Valuation of PP&E, intangible asset and investment property
The company has not revalued its property, plant and equipment (including right-of-use assets) or intangible assets during the current or previous year.
xi) Utilisation of equity and Share premium
The company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
a. directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
b. provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries
The company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the company shall:
a. directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
b. provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries
xii) other information required under part i and part ii of schedule iii of companies Act 2013, are either NiL or NoT Applicable NoTE 39
The previous year figures have been regrouped , reworked, rearranged and reclassified, wherever necessary and are to be read in relation to the amounts and other disclosures relating to the current year.
As per our report of even date attached
For AGRAWAL JAiN AND GUpTA For and on Behalf of the Board of Directors of
Chartered Accountants cressanda railway solutions Limited
Firm Registration Number: 013538C (Formerly known as Cressanda Solutions Limited)
Govind Mishra rajkumar Dinesh Masalia Arunkumar tyagi
Partner Director Managing Director
M No: 188560 DIN : 09772787 DIN : 05195956
UDIN: 24188560BKAHYR6425
Place : Mumbai tushti sharma Neha Gupta
Date : 2nd July 2024. Company Secretary Chief Financial Officer
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