3.16 Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).
Warranties
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when products are sold.
These estimates are established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence based on corrective actions on product failures. The timing of outflows will vary as and when warranty claim will arise.
The initial estimate of warranty-related costs is revised annually.
Onerous contracts
An onerous contract is a contract under which the unavoidable costs (i.e., the costs that the Company cannot avoid because it has the contract) of meeting the obligations under the contract exceed the economic benefits expected to be received under it.
The unavoidable costs under a contract reflect the least net cost of exiting from the contract, which is the lower of the cost of fulfilling it and any compensation or penalties arising from
failure to fulfil it. The cost of fulfilling a contract comprises the costs that relate directly to the contract (i.e., both incremental costs and an allocation of costs directly related to contract activities). If the Company has a contract that is onerous, the present obligation under the contract is recognised and measured as a provision.
Contingent liabilities
A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. When the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
Provisions, contingent liabilities are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date.
3.17 Financial instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value except Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient are measured at the transaction price determined under Ind AS 115. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in profit or loss.
3.18 Financial assets
All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value through profit and loss
or fair value through other comprehensive income, depending on the classification of the financial assets.
Classification of financial assets
Debt instruments that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at amortised cost (except for debt instruments that are designated at fair value through profit or loss on initial recognition):
♦ the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets in order to collect contractual cash flows; and
♦ the contractual terms of the instrument give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Debt instruments that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income ("FVTOCI") (except for debt instruments that are designated at fair value through profit or loss on initial recognition):
♦ the asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and
♦ the contractual terms of the instrument give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Interest income and impairment losses or reversals are recognised in the profit or loss and computed in the same manner as for financial assets measured at amortised cost.
The remaining fair value changes are recognised in OCI. Upon de-recognition, the cumulative fair value changes recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to profit or loss.
All other financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss.
Effective interest method
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income
over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.
Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified at FVTPL.
Interest income is recognised in profit or loss and is included in the ""Other income"" line item.
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
Investments in equity instruments are classified at FVTPL, unless the Company irrevocably elects on initial recognition to present subsequent changes in fair value in other comprehensive income for investments in equity instruments which are not held for trading.
Debt instruments that do not meet the amortised cost criteria or FVTOCI criteria are measured at FVTPL. In addition, debt instruments that meet the amortised cost criteria or the FVTOCI criteria but are designated at FVTPL are measured at FVTPL.
A financial asset that meets the amortised cost criteria or debt instruments that meet the FVTOCI criteria may be designated at FVTPL upon initial recognition if such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognising the gains and losses on them on different bases.
Financial assets at FVTPL are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, with any gains or losses arising on re-measurement recognised in profit or loss. The net gain or loss recognised in profit or loss incorporates any dividend or interest earned on the financial asset and is included in the 'Other income' line item. Dividend on financial assets at FVTPL is recognised when the Company's right to receive the dividends is established, it is probable that
the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the entity, the dividend does not represent a recovery of part of cost of the investment and the amount of dividend can be measured reliably.
Financial assets designated at fair value through OCI (equity instruments)
Upon initial recognition, the Company can elect to classify irrevocably its equity investments as equity instruments designated at fair value through OCI when they meet the definition of equity under Ind AS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation and are not held for trading. The classification is determined on an instrument-by-instrument basis.
Gains and losses on these financial assets are never recycled to profit or loss. Dividends are recognised as other income in the statement of profit and loss when the right of payment has been established, except when the Company benefits from such proceeds as a recovery of part of the cost of the financial asset, in which case, such gains are recorded in OCI. Equity instruments designated at fair value through OCI are not subject to impairment assessment.
Impairment of financial assets
The Company applies the expected credit loss model for recognising impairment loss on financial assets measured at amortised cost, debt instruments at FVTOCI, trade receivables, other contractual rights to receive cash or other financial asset, and financial guarantees not designated at FVTPL.
The Company measures the loss allowance for a financial instrument at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on that financial instrument has increased significantly since initial recognition.
Further, for the purpose of measuring lifetime expected credit loss allowance for trade receivables, the Company has used a practical expedient as permitted under Ind AS 109.
This expected credit loss allowance is computed based on historical credit loss experience and adjustments for forward looking information.
Derecognition of financial assets
The Company de-recognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party.
3.19 Financial liabilities and equity instruments
Classification as financial liability or equity
Debt and equity instruments issued by Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.
Equity instruments
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities.
Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term.
Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the profit or loss.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognised in the other comprehensive income. These gains/ loss are not subsequently transferred to P&L. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at amortised cost are determined based on the effective interest method. Interest expense that is not capitalised as part of cost of an asset is included in the 'Finance costs' line item.
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability.
All financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method or at FVTPL.
Derecognition of financial liabilities
The Company de-recognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company's obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired.
Reclassification of financial assets and liabilities
The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities.
For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company's senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company's operations.
3.20 Derivative Instruments
Initial recognition and subsequent measurement
The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risks. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.
Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to profit or loss, except for the effective portion of cash flow hedges, which is recognised in OCI and later reclassified to profit or loss when the hedge item affects profit or loss or treated as basis adjustment if a hedged forecast transaction subsequently results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability.
3.21 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the standalone statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of the Company's cash management.
3.22 Cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit / (loss) before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments.
The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.
3.23 Dividend
The Company recognises a liability to make dividend distributions to equity holders of the Company when the distribution is authorised and the distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company. As per the corporate laws in India a distribution is authorised when it is approved by the shareholders, However, Board of Directors of a Company may declare interim dividend during any financial year out of the surplus in statement of profit and loss and out of the profits of the financial year in which such interim dividend is sought to be declared.
A corresponding amount is recognised directly in other equity.
3.24 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
3.25 Investment in subsidiaries and joint ventures
A subsidiary is an entity that is controlled by another entity. An associate is an entity over which the Company has significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over those policies.
A joint venture is a type of joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the net assets of the joint venture. Joint control is the contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require unanimous consent of the parties sharing control.
The Company's investments in its subsidiaries and joint ventures are accounted at cost less impairment.
Impairment of investments
The Company reviews its carrying value of investments carried at cost annually, or more frequently when there is indication for impairment. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is recorded in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the Investment is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the cost of the Investment. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in Statement of Profit or Loss.
Revenue from sale of goods
The performance obligation for the sale of goods is satisfied at the point in time when control of the goods is transferred to the customer.
♦ Domestic sales are recognised at the time of dispatch from the point of sale;
♦ Export sales are recognised on the date when shipped on board or delivery of goods at the destination agreed as per the respective terms of sale and are initially recorded at the relevant exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.
The Company offers specific credit period to certain customers and payment for the sale is made as per the credit terms in the agreements with the customers.
Pursuant to application of practical expedient under INDAS 115, no additional disclosure is provided in respect of remaining unsatisfied performance obligations.
Revenue from sale of service type warranties
The performance obligation for the service type warranty is satisfied over the warranty contract based on time elapsed and payment is fully on advance basis.
Persuant to application of practical expendient under INDAS 115, no additional disclosure is provided in respect of remaining unsatisfied performance obligations.
39. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY
In the application of the Company accounting policies, which are described in note 3, the management of the Company are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
The following are the areas of estimation uncertainty and critical judgements that the management has made in the process of applying the Company's accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements:-
Recoverability of intangible assets and intangible assets under development
The Company has various internally generated intangible assets either capitalised or under development. Initial recognition of the expenditure under these assets are based on assessing each asset in relation to the specific recognition criteria to be met for capitalisation, for e.g. technological and economic feasibility and the ability of the asset to generate economic benefits in the future. In addition, the management also assesses any indications of impairment of the carrying value of the assets. This requires the management's judgement and assumptions, which are affected by future market or economic developments.
The management has analysed the recognition criteria and future market conditions and is confident that these assets do not require any adjustments to their carrying value at the year end.
Useful lives of depreciable assets
Management reviews the useful lives of depreciable assets at each reporting date. As at March 31, 2024 management assessed that the useful lives represent the expected utility of the assets to the Company. Further, there is no significant change in the useful lives as compared to previous year.
Share-based payments
Estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions requires determination of the most appropriate valuation model, which is dependent on the terms and conditions of the grant. This estimate also requires determination of the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model including the expected life of the share option, volatility and dividend yield and making assumptions about them. The assumptions and models used for estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions are disclosed in Note 49.
Impairment of non-financial assets
Impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The fair value less costs of disposal calculation is based on available data from binding sales transactions, conducted at arm's length, for similar assets or observable market prices less incremental costs for disposing of the asset. The value in use calculation is based on a discounted cash flow model.
Equity investments designated at FVTOCI
Equity instruments designated at fair value through OCI include investments in equity shares of Stark Future S.L.,. for a non-controlling interests of 10.88% (undiluted basis) as at March 31, 2024 (March 31, 2023: 11.48% (undiluted basis)).
This investment was irrevocably designated at initial recognition as fair value through OCI considering it to be strategic in nature.
40. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS
Research and development costs incurred during the year ended March 31, 2024 that are capitalised, aggregates to
Rs. 314.69 crores (March 31, 2023: Rs. 228.13 crores). Research and development costs that are not eligible for capitalisation
have been expensed in the period incurred during the year ended March 31, 2024 of Rs. 148.98 crores (March 31, 2023:
Rs. 81.44 crores), and they are recognised in other expenses.
Sensitivity Analysis
The sensitivity analysis presented above may not be representative of the actual change in the defined benefit obligation as it is unlikely that the change in assumptions would occur in isolation of one another as some of the assumptions may be correlated.
Furthermore, in presenting the above sensitivity analysis, the present value of the defined benefit obligation has been calculated using the projected unit credit method at the end of reporting period, which is same as that applied in calculating the defined benefit obligation liability recognised in the balance sheet.
The changes to principal assumptions on future salary increase and rate of withdrawal have been made to reflect the Company's trend of actual average salary increase and average attrition rates over the past years.
47. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Capital Management
The Company manages its capital to ensure that the Company will be able to continue as going concern while maximising the return to stakeholders through efficient allocation of capital towards expansion of business, optimisation of working capital requirements and deployment of surplus funds into various investment options. The Company uses the operational cash flows and equity to meet its capital requirements.
The Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements.
The management of the Company reviews the capital structure of the Company on regular basis. As part of this review, the management of the Company considers risks associated with the movement in the working capital.
No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the year ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023.
47.2 FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company uses the following hierarchy for determining and/or disclosing the fair value of financial instruments by valuation techniques:
The following is the basis of categorising the financial instruments measured at fair value into Level 1 to Level 3 :-
Level 1: This level includes financial assets that are measured by reference to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: This level includes financial assets and liabilities, measured using inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e., as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices).
Level 3: This level includes financial assets and liabilities measured using inputs that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). Fair values are determined in whole or in part, using a valuation model based on assumptions that are neither supported by prices from observable current market transactions in the same instrument nor are they based on available market data.
48. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
Financial risk management objectives
The Company's management monitors and manages the financial risks relating to the operations of the Company. These risks include market risk (including currency risk, interest rate risk and other price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk.
The management reviews cash resources, implements strategies for foreign currency exposures and ensuring market risk limit and policies.
The Company does not enter into or trade financial instruments, including derivative financial instruments, for speculative purposes.
Market risk
Market risk is the risk of any loss in future earnings, in realisable fair values or in future cash flows that may result from a change in the price of a financial instrument. The Company's activities expose it primarily to the financial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates risk/ liquidity risk which impact returns on investments. Market risk exposures are measured using sensitivity analysis.
Credit risk management
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Company.
Financial instruments that are subject to concentrations of credit risk, principally consist of balance with banks, investments in debt instruments/ bonds, trade receivables, loans and advances. None of the financial instruments of the Company result in material concentrations of credit risks.
Balances with banks were not past due or impaired as at the year end. In other financial assets that are not past dues and not impaired, there were no indication of default in repayment as at the year end.
The Company has used a practical expedient by computing the expected loss allowance for financial assets based on historical credit loss experience and adjustments for forward looking information.
Other price risks including interest rate risk
The Company has deployed its surplus funds into various financial instruments including units of mutual funds, bonds, etc.
The Company is exposed to NAV (net asset value) price risks arising from investments in these funds. The value of these investments is impacted by movements in interest rates, liquidity and credit quality of underlying securities.
NAV price sensitivity analysis
The sensitivity analysis below have been determined based on the exposure to NAV price risks at the end of the reporting period. If NAV prices had been 1% higher/lower, the profit for the year ended March 31, 2024 would increase/decrease by Rs. 102.90 crores (for the year ended March 31, 2023: increase/decrease by Rs. 91.87 crores).
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rate. Since the Company's borrowings which are affected by interest rate fluctuation is very insignificant to the size and operations of the Company, therefore, a change in interest rate risk does not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements in relation to fair value of financial instruments.
Liquidity risk
The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, banking facilities and reserve borrowing facilities, by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.
Maturity profile of financial liabilities:
The table below provides details regarding the remaining contractual maturities of financial liabilities at the reporting date.
49. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS
Employee Stock Option Plan, 2006 of the Company
Pursuant to the approval accorded by shareholders at their Annual General Meeting held on July 5th 2006, the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Company formulated Employee Stock Option Plan 2006' ("ESOP, 2006") of the Company.
ESOP, 2006 is applicable to all permanent and full-time employees (as defined in the Plan), excluding employee who is a Promoter or belonging to Promoter Group of the Company and other exclusions as per SEBI (Share Based Employee Benefits) Regulations, 2014, as amended from time to time ("SEBI Regulations"). The eligibility of employees to receive grants under the Plan is decided by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee, from time to time at its sole discretion.
Vesting of the options shall take place in the manner as may be determined by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee at the time of grant, provided, the vesting period shall not be less than 1 year from the date of grant or such other period as may be prescribed, from time to time, under the aforesaid SEBI Regulations.
Vesting of options shall be subject to the conditions that the Grantee shall be in continuous employment with the Company (or its subsidiary company, as the case may be) and subject to such other conditions and exceptions as provided under Company's ESOP, 2006.
The Exercise Price of each grant is determined by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee at the time of grant, provided that the Exercise Price shall not be less than the closing market price of the shares of the Company on NSE/BSE on the day preceding the date of grant of Options.
The options vested can be exercised at any time until completion of seven years from the date of vesting. Any options remaining not exercised at the end of the exercise period shall lapse. At the time of exercise, the participant may pay the exercise price in the form as approved by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee in accordance with the terms of the ESOP, 2006.
Each stock option, when exercised, is convertible into one equity share of the Company. No amount is payable by the option grantee on grant of option. The options carry neither rights to dividends nor voting rights until they are exercised & converted into shares.
Restricted Stock Units Plan, 2019 ("RSU 2019")
Pursuant to approval accorded by shareholders at their Annual General Meeting held on August 1, 2019, the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Company formulated 'Eicher Motors Limited - Restricted Stock Units Plan 2019' ("RSU Plan 2019") for grant of Restricted Stock Units ("RSU"), in accordance with SEBI (Share Based Employee Benefits) Regulations, 2014, as amended from time to time ("SEBI Regulations").
RSU Plan 2019 is applicable to (i) a permanent employee of the Company working in India or outside India; or (ii) a Director of the Company, whether whole-time or not; and (iii) an employee, as defined in (i) or (ii) of this Para, of a Subsidiary Company, in India or outside India, excluding such category of persons as defined under RSU Plan 2019 of the Company and/or SEBI Regulations. The eligibility of employees or eligibility criteria to receive grants under RSU Plan 2019 is decided by Nomination and Remuneration Committee, from time to time.
The Nomination and Remuneration Committee shall specify the vesting criteria based on continued employment with the Company (or its subsidiary, as the case may be) and/or certain performance criteria to be fulfilled for vesting of RSU and/or any other criteria as it may deems fit and subject to such other conditions and exceptions as provided under RSU Plan, 2019.
Vesting of RSU shall take place in the manner as may be determined by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee at the time of grant, provided that the vesting shall not take place earlier than minimum vesting period of one year but not later than maximum vesting period of seven years from the date of grant of such RSU.
Exercise Price of each grant shall be the face value of the share as on date of exercise of RSU. The exercise period of a vested RSU shall be a maximum of seven years from the date of vesting of RSU, or such other shorter period as may be prescribed by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee at time of Grant and as set out in the letter of Grant, subject to such other conditions and exceptions as provided under Company's RSU Plan, 2019. Any RSU remaining not exercised at the end of the exercise period shall lapse. At the time of exercise, the participant may pay the exercise price in a form as approved by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee in accordance with the terms of the RSU Plan, 2019.
Each RSU, when exercised, is convertible into one equity share of the Company. No amount is payable by the RSU grantee on grant of RSU. RSU carry neither rights to dividends nor voting rights until they are exercised & converted into shares.
52. IND AS 116 LEASES
A. As a lessee
The Company has lease contracts for various buildings used in its operations. Leases of buildings generally have lease terms between 2 to 25 years. The Company's obligations under its leases are secured by the lessor's title to the leased assets. There are several lease contracts that include extension and termination options which are further discussed below.
The Company also has certain leases of buildings with lease terms of 12 months or less and leases with low value.
The Company applies the 'short-term lease' and 'lease of low-value assets' recognition exemptions for these leases.
56. Pursuant to amendment by Ministry of Corporate Affair (MCA) in the Companies (Accounts) Rules 2014 the Holding Company has used SAP accounting software for maintaining its books of account which has a feature of recording audit trail facility and the same has operated throughout the year for all relevant transactions recorded in the software, except in respect of:
a. Certain investments, inventories, traded goods, and service type warranties where audit trail feature was not enabled. Management is in the process of setting up an audit trail feature for the transactions referred above in due course.
b. Direct changes to the database using certain access rights: In this case while the audit trail feature was not enabled throughout the year, the same was remediated/enabled prior to the end of the year.
Wherever audit trail is enabled, there has not been any instance where audit trail feature has been tampered with, in respect of the accounting software. Management is presently evaluating setting up the audit trail feature as necessary in SAP and other accounting software (used to maintain records of certain service type warranties) in due course.
57. OTHER STATUTORY INFORMATION
(i) The Company has not defaulted on loans payable and have not been declared as wilful defaulter.
(ii) The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.
(iii) The Company has not revalued its Property, Plant & Equipments, Intangible Assets and Right to Use Assets during the year.
(iv) The Company has balance with a company struck off under section 248 of Companies Act, 2013 - Refer note 22.
(v) The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.
(vi) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.
(vii) The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries
(viii) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries
(ix) The Company does not have any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961
(x) The Company has not granted any loans and advances to promoters, directors, KMP's and other related parties (as defined under Companies Act 2013) during the year.
(xi) The Company has complied with the number of layers prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Act read with Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017.
As per our report of even date For and on behalf of the Board of Directors of Eicher Motors Limited
For S.R. Batliboi & Co. LLP CIN: L34102DL1982PLC129877
Chartered Accountants
ICAI Firm registration number: 301003E/E300005
per Sanjay Vij Vidhya Srinivasan B Govindarajan Siddhartha Lal
Partner Chief Financial Officer Whole-time Director & CEO of Royal Enfield Managing Director
Membership No : 095169 DIN: 03093035 DIN: 00037645
Atul Sharma S. Sandilya Vinod Aggarwal
Company Secretary Chairman Director
DIN: 00037542 DIN: 00038906
Place: Gurugram Place: Leicestershire, UK
Date: May 10, 2024 Date: May 10, 2024
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