(ii) There are no projects whose completion is overdue or has exceeded its cost compared to its original plan.

(iii) Investment Property pledged as security

Refer Note 19 for information on investment properties pledged as security by the company.

(iv) Contractual obligations

There is contractual obligations for the acquisition of Investment Properties as at March 31, 2024 (March 31, 2023 : Nil)

(v) Capitalised borrowing cost

There is no borrowing cost capitalised as at March 31, 2024 (March 31,2023 : Nil)

(vi) (a)Amount recognised in statement of profit and loss for investment properties

(vi)(b) Fair value hierachy and valuation technique

- The Company’s investment properties consist of commercial properties which has been determined based on the nature, characteristics and risks of each property. The company has revalued its Land and Buildings during FY 2018-19 to Rs. 12741.49 Lakhs. The fair value of investment property has been determined by external, independent registered property valuers as defined under rule 2 of Companies (Registered Valuers and Valuation) Rules, 2017, having appropriate recognised professional qualification.

- The Company obtains independent valuation for its investment property in every 5 years and fair value measurements are categorized as level 3 measurement in the fair value hierarchy. The valuation has been taken considering sales comparable method, which compares the price or price per unit area of similar properties being sold inthemarketplace

Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to shares

I) . The Company has one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs 1/- each. Each shareholder is eligible

for one vote per share held. The dividend, if any as and when proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting.

II) . In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assets of the Company

after distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their shareholding.

III). The Company's objective when managing capital is to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern and to maintain an optimal capital structure so as to maximize shareholder value. In order to maintain or achieve an optimal capital structure, the Company may adjust the amount of dividend payment, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or buy back issued shares. As of March 31, 2024, the Company has only one class of equity shares and has no debt. Consequent to the above capital structure, there are no externally imposed capital requirements.

* Capital reserve had been recognized on account of forefeiture of preferential Share warrant and is not freely available for distribution

** Par value of the equity shares is recorded as share capital and the amount received in excess of par value is classified as securities premium

*** Retained earnings comprises of the Company’s undistributed earnings after taxes

# This reserve represents the cumulative gains arising on the revaluation of property, plant & equipment’s and investment properties on the balance sheet date measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. The reserves accumulated will not be freely available for distribution

Others:

Changes in the fair value of financial instruments (debt or equity) measured at fair value through other comprehensive income is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of taxes and presented within investment in debt instruments measured at fair value through OCI or investment in equity instruments measured at fairvalue through OCI. Actuarial gainsand losses on remeasurements of the defined benefit plans are recognized in other comprehensive income, net of taxes and presented within equity in remeasurement of the defined benefit plans

The Company has decided to exercise the option permitted under section 115BAAof the Income Tax Act, 1961 as introduced by the Taxation Laws (Amendment) Ordinance, 2019 on 20th September, 2019. After adoption of Section 115BAA, the Company will be outside the scope and applicability of MAT provisions under Section 115JB of Income Tax Act, 1961. Further, Provision for Tax has been Computed at the rate permitted under section 115BAA of Income Tax Act, 1961 for the year ending 31.03.2024 and 31.03.2023

33. Earnings per equity share

The Company’s Earnings Per Share (‘EPS’) is determined based on the net profit attributable to the shareholders’ of the company. Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common and dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding during the year including share options, except where the result would be anti dilutive.

35. Corporate Social Responsibility

As per Section 135 of Companies Act 2013 a Corporate Social responsibility Committee has been formed by the Company. During the year the Company has not undertaken Corporate Social Responsibility activities as there was no obligation to undertake CSR activities as specified in Schedule VII of the Companies Act 2013

36. Segment Reporting

The Segment reporting policy comp lies with the accounting policies adopted for preparation and presentation of financial statements of the Company and is in conformity with Ind AS 108.The segmentation is based on the Geographies (reportable business segment) in which the Company operates and internal reporting systems. The geographical segmentation is based on the nature and type of services rendered. Based on the “management approach” as defined in Ind AS 108.

The Company has identified two main Geographical Segments as reportable segments. The business segments comprise:

1. Indian Segment

2. USA Segment

Below is the sensitivity analysis determined for significant actuarial assumptions for the determination of defined benefit obligations and based on reasonably possible changes of the respective assumptions occurring atthe end of the reporting period while holding all other assumptions constant.

Sensitivities due to mortality and withdrawals are not material and hence impact of change not calculated. Sensitivities as to rate of inflation, rate of increase of pensions in payment, rate of increase of pensions before retirement & life expectancy are not applicable being a lump sum benefit on retirement.

Below is the sensitivity analysis determined for significant actuarial assumptions for the determination of defined benefit obligations and based on reasonably possible changes of the respective assumptions occurring at the end of the reporting period while holding all other assumptions constant.

Sensitivities due to mortality and withdrawals are not material and hence impact of change not calculated.

Sensitivities as to rate of inflation, rate of increase of pensions in payment, rate of increase of pensions before retirement & life expectancy are not applicable being a lump sum benefit on retirement.

39 Fair Value Disclosures i) Fair values hierarchy

Financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value in the statement of financial position are divided into three Levels of a fair value hierarchy. The three levels are defined based on the observability of significant inputs to the measurement, as follows:

Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for financial instruments.

Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuation techniques which maximise the use of observable market data rely as little as possible on entity specific estimates.

Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3.

ii) Risk Management

The Company's activities expose it to market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. This note explains the sources of risk which the entity is exposed to and how the entity manages the risk and the related impact in the financial statements.

The Company’s risk management is carried out by a central treasury department (of the Company) under policies approved by the board of directors. The board of directors provides written principles for overall risk management, as well as policies covering specific areas, such as foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and investment of excess liquidity.

A) Credit risk

Credit risk refers to the risk of default on its obligation by the counterparty resulting in a financial loss. The maximum exposure to the credit risk at the reporting date is primarily from trade receivables amounting to ? 187.95 Lakhs and 370.66 Lakhs as at March 31,2024 and March 31,2023, respectively and unbilled revenue amounting to 79.81 Lakhs and 46.50 lakhs as at March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively.

Trade Receivables and unbilled revenue are typically unsecured and are derived from revenue from customers.

Credit risk has always been managed by the Company and continuously monitoring the creditworthiness of the customers to which the Company grants credit terms in the normal course of business. The Company uses the expected credit loss model to assess any required allowances; and uses a provision matrix to compute the expected credit loss allowance for trade receivables and unbilled revenues.

The Company's exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristic of each customer and the concentration of risk from the top few customers. Exposure to customers is diversified and there is no single customer contributing more than 10% of outstanding trade receivables and unbilled revenues.

The details in respect of percentage of revenues generated from top five customers and top ten customers are as follows;

a) Expected Credit Losses

The Company provides for expected credit losses based on the following:

Trade receivables

(i) The company recognizes lifetime expected credit losses on trade receivables using a simplified approach, wherein Company has defined percentage of provision by analysing historical trend of default relevant to each business segment based on the criteria defined above. And such provision percentage determined have been considered to recognise life time expected credit losses on trade receivables (other than those where default criteria are met).

Other financial assets measured at amortised cost

Company provides for expected credit losses on loans and advances other than trade receivables by assessing individual financial instruments for expectation of any credit losses. Since this category includes loans and receivables of varied natures and purpose, there is no trend that the company can draws to apply consistently to entire population For such financial assets, the Company's policy is to provides for 12 month expected credit losses upon initial recognition and provides for lifetime expected credit losses upon significant increase in credit risk. The Company does not have any expected loss based impairment recognised on such assets considering their low credit risk nature, though incurred loss provisions are disclosed under each sub-category of such financial assets.

B) Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that the Company will not be able to settle or meet its obligations on time. The Company's principal sources of liquidity are cash and cash equivalents and the cash flow that is generated from operations. The Company has outstanding borrowings of Rs. Nil as on March 31, 2024 & Rs. 1861.27 Lakhs as on March 31, 2023. The Company believes that the working capital is sufficient to meet its current requirements. Accordingly, no liquidity risk is perceived.

The tables below analyse the Company’s financial liabilities into relevant maturity Companyings based on their contractual maturities for all non-derivative financial liabilities.

The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows. Balances due within 12 months equal their carrying balances as the impact of discounting is not significant.

C) Market Risk a) Foreign currency risk

The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from foreign currency transactions, primarily with respect to the US Dollar and Euro. Foreign exchange risk arises from recognised assets and liabilities denominated in a currency that is not the functional currency of any of the Company entities. Considering the low volume of foreign currency transactions, the Company’s exposure to foreign currency risk is limited and the Company hence does not use any derivative instruments to manage its exposure. Also, the Company does not use forward contracts and swaps for speculative purposes.

Sensitivity

The sensitivity of profit or loss to changes in the exchange rates arises mainly from foreign currency denominated financial instruments.

b) Interest rate risk i) Liabilities

The Company’s policy is to minimise interest rate cash flow risk exposures on long-term financing. At 31 March 2024 and 31 March 2023, the Company is exposed to changes in interest rates through bank borrowings at variable interest rates. The Company's investments in fixed deposits carry fixed interest rates.

ii) Assets

The Company’s fixed deposits are carried at amortised cost and are fixed rate deposits. They are therefore not subject to interest rate risk as defined in Ind AS 107, since neither the carrying amount nor the future cash flows will fluctuate because of a change in market interest rates.

c) Price risk

The Company does not have any significant investments in equity instruments which create an exposure to price risk.

41 Capital management

The Company’s capital management objectives are

- to ensure the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern

- to provide an adequate return to shareholders

The Company monitors capital on the basis of the carrying amount of equity less cash and cash equivalents as presented on the face of balance sheet.

Management assesses the Company’s capital requirements in order to maintain an efficient overall financing structure while avoiding excessive leverage. This takes into account the subordination levels of the Company’s various classes of debt. The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in the light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares, or sell assets to reduce debt.

Claims against the Company, not acknowledged as debts for the year ending 31st March. 2024 and for the year ending 31st March, 2023 is shown below:

Note: Accumulated Interest accured on the demand as at March 31, 2024 is Rs 67.72 Lakhs

(March 31,2023: 52.88 Lakhs) and Rs. 46.60 Lakhs held by IT Department as deposit against demand as

at March 31,2024 (March 31,2023: 43.09 Lakhs) (Refer Note No. 11)