Nature and Purpose of Other Equity

a) Capital Reserve

Capital Reserve consists of forfeiture of the amount received from shareholders on preferential on the lapse of the period to exercise right to convert the said warrants and on forfeiture of amounts paid on Equity Shares.

b) Statutory Reserves as per Section 45-IC of the RBI Act, 1934

The Company has created a Reserve Persune to Section 45 IC of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. by transfering amount not less than 20% of Net Profit for the period as disclosed in statement of Profit & Loss and before any Devidend declared.

c) Retained earnings

This Reserve represents the cumulative profits of the Company. This Reserve can be utilized in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.

d) Impairment Reserve

In accordance with RBI circular no. RBI/2019-20/170 dated March 13, 2020, the company has provided for impairment allowances as required by Ind AS. In parallel, the company has also determined the asset classification and computed the impairment provisions as per extant prudential norms on Income Recognition, Asset Classification, and Provisioning (IRACP). A comparison between provisions required under IRACP and impairment allowances made under Ind AS 109 has been disclosed in Note No. 22.

Further, since impairment allowance under Ind AS 109 is lower than the provisioning required under IRACP the difference has been appropriated from net profit after tax to ‘Impairment Reserve’. The balance in the ‘Impairment Reserve’ shall not be reckoned for regulatory capital.

No withdrawals are permitted from this reserve without prior permission from the Department of Supervision, RBI. The requirement for ‘Impairment Reserve’ shall be reviewed, going forward as per further instructions from RBI

e) Equity Instruments through OCI On equity investments

The Company has elected to recognise changes in the fair value of certain investments in equity securities in other comprehensive income. These changes are accumulated in the FVOCI equity investments reserve. The Company transfers amounts from this reserve to retained earnings when the relevant equity securities are derecognised.

1 Company Information

The company was incorporated as a private limited company on 11th March 1992 and was converted into public limited company U/s 44 of the Companies Act, 1956 on 29th March, 1994. The object of the company is to carry on business as "Non - Banking Finance Company". The Registered Office of the Company is located at Kothari building, 4th Floor, No.114, Mahatama Gandhi Salai, Nungambakkam, Chennai - 600 034.

The Company has been registered with Reserve Bank of India as "Non - Banking Finance Company" on 5th May 1998 vide Registration No. B-07-00068.

2 Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies

2.1 Statement of compliance and basis for preparation and presentation of financial statements

These standalone or separate financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules 2015 as amended and notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (“the Act”), in conformity with the accounting principles generally accepted in India and other relevant provisions of the Act. Any application guidance/ clarifications/ directions issued by RBI or other regulators are implemented as and when they are issued/ applicable.

These standalone or separate financial statements were approved by the Company's Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 29.05.2023.

2.2 Functional and presentation currency

These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (‘INR' or ‘Rs.') which is also the Company's functional currency. All amounts are rounded-off to the nearest lakhs, unless otherwise indicated.

2.3 Basis of measurement

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair values.

2.4 Measurement of fair values

A number of Company's accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. The Company has established policies and procedures with respect to the measurement of fair values. Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

- Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

- Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

- Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

2.5 Use of estimates and judgements and Estimation uncertainly

In preparing these financial statements, management has made judgements, estimates for the year ended 31 March 2023 and assumptions that affect the application of the Company's accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income, expenses and the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to estimates are recognised prospectively.

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Company based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when the financial statements were issued. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

Following are areas that involved a higher degree of estimate and judgement or complexity in determining the carrying amount of some assets and liabilities.

Impairment of Financial Assets

The measurement of impairment losses on loan assets and commitments, requires judgement, in estimating the amount and timing of future cash flows and recoverability of collateral values while determining the impairment losses and assessing a significant increase in credit risk.

The Company’s Expected Credit Loss (ECL) calculation is the output of a complex model with a number of underlying assumptions regarding the choice of variable inputs and their interdependencies. Elements of the ECL model that are considered accounting judgements and estimates include:

- The Company’s criteria for assessing if there has been a significant increase in credit risk

- The segmentation of financial assets when their ECL is assessed on a collective basis

- Development of ECL model, including the various formulae and the choice of inputs

- Selection of forward-looking macroeconomic scenarios and their probability weightings, to derive the economic inputs into the ECL model It has been the Company’s policy to regularly review its model in the context of actual loss experience and adjust when necessary

The company adopts the policy of taking atleast 200% of loan amount as security value. Normally the same is ascertained with previling guidline value and the present market rate as per the latest registration in the locality. In the case of large property, company obtain valuation report from a approved valuer from the locality.

Provisions and other contingent liabilities

The reliable measure of the estimates and judgemets pertaining to litigations and the regulatory proceedings in the ordinary course of the Company’s business are disclosed as contingent liabilities. Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that may have a financial impact on the Company and that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

2.6 Revenue recognition :

Recognition of interest income on loans

Interest income is recognised at the rate sanctioned in accordance with the loan agreement on the outstanding balance of the loan in proportion to the time period for which the loan was outstanding.

Dividend, bonus and income on investments:

- Dividends are recognised in Statement of profit and loss only as and when receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.

- In the case of keyman insurance policies, bonus is recongnised in statement of profit and loss only on yearly basis.

- Income from investments is recognised when it is certain that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably.

2.7 Property, Plant and Equipments (PPE)

PPE are stated at cost of acquisition (including incidental expenses), less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any.

The carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be derecognised:

(a) on disposal; or

(b) when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal.

The gain or loss arising from the derecognition of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be included in profit or loss when the item is derecognised (unless Ind AS 17 requires otherwise on a sale and leaseback). Gains shall not be classified as revenue.

Depreciation on PPE is provided on straight-line basis in accordance with the useful life specified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 on a pro-rata basis.

2.8 Investments in subsidiaries and associates

Investments in subsidiaries and associate are measured at cost, if any.

2.9 Financial instruments :

a] Recognition and initial measurement -

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at FVTPL) are added to or deducted from the fair

value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of

financial assets or financial liabilities at FVTPL are recognised immediately in Statement of profit and loss.

b] Classification and Subsequent measurement of financial assets-

On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at

- Amortised cost;

- FVOCI - equity instruments;

-FVTPL

Amortised cost -

The Company’s business model is not assessed on an instrument-by-instrument basis, but at a higher level of aggregated portfolios being the level at which they are managed. The financial asset is held with the objective to hold financial asset in order to collect contractual cash flows as per the contractual terms that give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payment of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding. Accordingly, the Company measures Bank balances, Loans, Trade receivables and other financial instruments at amortised cost.

FVOCI - equity instruments -

The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value through profit or loss, unless the Company’s management has elected to classify irrevocably some of its equity instruments at FVOCI, when such instruments meet the definition of Equity under Ind AS 32 Financial Instruments and are not held for trading.

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition, except if and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.

All financial assets not classified as measured at amortised cost or FVOCI are measured at FVTPL.

Subsequent measurement of financial assets

For equity investments, the Company makes an election on an instrument-by-instrument basis to designate equity investments as measured at FVOCI. These elected investments are measured at fair value with gains and losses arising from changes in fair value recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the reserves. The cumulative gain or loss is not reclassified to Statement of profit and loss on disposal of the investments. These investments in equity are not held for trading. Instead, they are held for strategic purpose. Dividend income received on such equity investments are recognised in Statement of profit and loss.

Equity investments that are not designated as measured at FVOCI are designated as measured at FVTPL and subsequent changes in fair value are recognised in Statement of profit and loss.

Financial assets at FVTPL are subsequently measured at fair value. Net gains and losses, including any interest or dividend income, are recognised in Statement of profit and loss.

c] Financial liabilities and equity instruments Classification as debt or equity -

Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Equity instruments -

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by Company are recognised at the proceeds received. Transaction costs of an equity transaction are recognised as a deduction from equity.

Financial liabilities -

Financial liabilities are classified as measured at cost. Other financial liabilities are subsequently measured at cost . Interest expense and foreign exchange gains and losses are recognised in Statem ent of profit and loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is also recognised in Statem ent of profit and loss.

^d] Offsetting

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the balance sheet when, and only when, the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

e] Impairment of financial instruments

Equity instruments are not subject to impairmentunder Ind AS 109.

The Company recognises lifetime expected credit losses (ECL) when there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition and when the financial instrument is credit impaired. If the credit risk on the financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the loss allowance for that financial instrument at an amount equal to 12 month ECL. The assessment of whether lifetime ECL should be recognised is based on significant increases in the likelihood or risk of a default occurring since initial recognition. 12month ECL represents the portion of lifetime ECL that is expected to result from default events on a financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

When determining whether credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition and when estimating expected credit losses, the Company considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue cost or effort. This includes both quantitative and qualitative information and analysis, including on historical experience and forward-looking information. (refer note 15 )

f] Write offs -

The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off when there is no realistic prospect of further recovery. This is generally the case when the Company determines that the debtor/borrower does not have assets or sources of income that could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the write-off. However, financial assets that are written off could still be subject to enforcement activities under the Company’s recovery procedures, taking into account legal advice where appropriate. Any recoveries made are recognised in Statement of profit and loss.

2.10 Employee benefits:

The Company has not formulated any policy for employee benefits, including Provident Fund, ESI or Gratuity.

2.11 Finance costs :

Finance costs include interest expense computed by applying the contracted interest rate on respective loans. Finance costs are charged to the Statement of profit and loss.

2.12 Taxation - Current and deferred tax:

Income tax expense comprises of current tax and deferred tax. It is recognised in Statement of profit and loss except to the extent that it relates to an item recognised directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.

a] Current tax :

Current tax comprises amount of tax payable in respect of the taxable income or loss for the year determined in accordance with Income Tax Act, 1961 and any adjustment to the tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. The Company’s current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

b] Deferred tax :

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying values of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequence that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable incom e will be available against which the deductible temporary difference could be utilized. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

2.13 Provisions :

Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

2.14 Cash and cash equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash on hand, cheques and drafts on hand, balance with banks in current accounts and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value.

2.15 Earnings Per Share :

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Earnings considered in ascertaining the Company’s earnings per share is the net profit for the period after deducting preference dividends and any attributable tax thereto for the period, if any. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, sub-division of shares etc. that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders is divided by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period, considered for deriving basic earnings per share and weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

2.16 Estimation uncertainty relating to the global health pandemic from COVID-19:

In March 2020, the World Health Organisation declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. Consequent to this, Government of India declared a nationwide lockdown from 24th March 2020. Subsequently, the nation-wide lockdown was lifted by the Governm ent of India, but regional lockdowns continue to be implemented in areas with significant number of COVID-19 cases. Although, the Company witnessed significant improvement in its operations during the second half of the year, the Company remains watchful of the potential impact of COVID-19 pandemic, particularly the current “second wave”, on resuming normal business operations on a continuing basis. Accordingly, the Company has assessed the impact of this pandemic on its business operations and has considered all relevant internal and external information available up to the date of approval of these financial statements, to determine the impact on the Company’s revenue from operations and estimation of sales related expenses over the foreseeable future and the recoverability and carrying value of certain assets such as property, plant and equipment, investments, deferred tax assets and input tax credit receivables. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the overall economic environment being uncertain may affect the underlying assumptions and estimates used to prepare Company’s financial results, which may differ from impact considered as at the date of approval of these financials statements. The Company continues its business activities, in line with the guidelines issued by the Government authorities, take steps to strengthen its liquidity position. As the situation is unprecedented, the Company is closely monitoring the situation as it evolves in the future.

25 Capital Management

The primary objective of the Company’s capital management policy is to ensure that the Company complies with externally imposed capital requirements and maintains strong credit ratings and healthy capital ratios in order to support its business and to maximize shareholder value.

The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions and requirements of the financial covenants. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the amount of dividend payment to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue capital securities. No changes have been made to the objectives, policies and processes from the previous years. However, they are under constant review by the Board.

Regulatory capital consists of Tier1 capital which comprises share capital, share premium, and retained earnings including current year profit less accrued dividends. Certain adjustments are made to Ind AS-based results and reserves, as prescribed by the Reserve Bank of India. The other component of regulatory capital is Tier 2 capital instruments.

26 Additional Regulatory Disclosures As Per Schedule lii Of Companies Act, 2013

1 No immovable property are held in the name of the company

2 The Company does not have any investment property.

3 As per the Company's accounting policy, Property, Plant and Equipment (including Right of Use Assets) and intangible assets are carried at historical cost (less accumulated depreciation & impairment, if any), hence the revaluation related disclosures required as per Additional Regulatory Information of Schedule III (revised) to the Companies Act, is not applicable

4 The Company has not granted Loans or Advances to promoters, Directors, KMPs and the related parties (As per Companies Act, 2013) without specifying any terms or period of repayments.

⁵ No proceedings have been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and the rules made thereunder.

⁶ The Company has no sanctioned facilities from banks on the basis of security of current assets. Hence, no periodic returns required to filed by the Company with such banks.

⁷ The Company has not been declared as a Wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or other lender in the financial years ended March 31,2024 & March 31,2023

8 There are no transactions with the Companies whose name are struck off under Section 248 of The Companies Act, 2013 or Section 560 of the Companies Act, 1956 during the year ended March 31,2024.

9 All applicable cases where registration of charges or satisfaction is required to be filed with Registrar of Companies have been filed. No registration or satisfaction is pending for the year ended March 31,2024.

10 No scheme of arrangement has been approved by the competent authority in terms of Section 230 to 237 of the Companies Act, 2013.

11

The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (ultimate beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the ultimate beneficiary

12

¹² The Company have not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries

¹³ The Company has not operated in any crypto currency or Virtual Currency transactions

¹⁴ During the year the Company has not disclosed or surrendered, any income other than the income recoginsed in the books of accounts in the tax assessments under Income Tax Act, 1961.

¹⁵ During the year the Company has claimed Depreciation of Rs. 3.37 Lakhs (Previous Year Rs. 3.08 Lakhs)

¹⁶ During the year the Company has paid to auditor Rs. 1.50 Lakhs (Previous Year Rs. 1.50 Lakhs) towards Statutory Audit, Rs. Nil (Previous Year Rs. 1.10 Lakhs) for other matters

27 Previous Year Figures

Previous year figures have been regrouped/reclassified/readjusted, wherever necessary, to conform to the current year's classification