3.13 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets_

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).

Contingent assets are disclosed in the Financial Statements by way of notes to accounts when an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Financial Statements by way of notes to accounts, __unless possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefit is remote._

3.14 Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or _ loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities,

as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognized __immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss._

3.15 Equity instruments_

__Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received._

3.16 Financial assets_

(i) Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value and having original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.

(ii) Financial assets at amortised cost

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

(iii) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

The Company has made an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value of equity investments not held for trading.

(iv) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Financial assets are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income on initial recognition.

(v) Impairment of financial assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. Ind AS 109 requires expected credit losses to be measured through a loss allowance. The Company recognizes lifetime expected losses for trade receivables that do not constitute a financing transaction. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to 12 month expected credit losses or at an amount equal to lifetime expected losses, if the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition.

(vi) Derecognition of financial assets

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash __flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially

all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party.

On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety (except for equity instruments designated as FVTOCI), the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable is recognized in the Statement of __Profit and Loss._

3.17 Financial liabilities_

a) Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

b) Derecognition of financial liabilities

The Company derecognizes financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognized and the __consideration paid and payable is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.18 Earnings per share_

Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing the net profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity __shares._

3.19 Cash Flow Statement_

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit after tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows are segregated into operating, investing and financing

__activities._

3.20 Segment reporting

Operating segments are identified and reported taking into account the different risks and __returns, the organization structure and the internal reporting systems._

4. Critical Accounting Judgments, Assumptions and Key Sources of Estimation

__Uncertainty_

Inherent in the application of many of the accounting policies used in preparing the Financial Statements is the need for Management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Actual outcomes could differ from the estimates and assumptions used.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and future periods are affected.

Key source of judgments, assumptions and estimation uncertainty in the preparation of the Financial Statements which may cause a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are in respect of impairment, useful lives of Property, Plant and Equipment, employee benefit obligations, impairment, provision for __income tax, measurement of deferred tax assets and contingent assets and liabilities._

4.1 Critical judgments in applying accounting policies_

The following are the critical judgements, apart from those involving estimations (Note 4.2), that the Management have made in the process of applying the Company's accounting policies __and that have the significant effect on the amounts recognized in the Financial Statements.

(a) Determination of functional currency

Currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (“the functional currency”) is Indian Rupee (Rs.) in which the Company primarily generates and expends cash. Accordingly, the Management has assessed its __functional currency to be Indian Rupee (Rs.)._

(b) Classification of investment

Judgement is required in assessing the level of control obtained in a transaction to acquire an interest in another entity; depending upon the facts and circumstances in each case, the Company may obtain control, joint control or significant influence over the entity or arrangement. Transactions which give the Company control of a business are business combinations. If the Company obtains joint control of an arrangement, judgement is also required to assess whether the arrangement is a joint operation or a joint venture. If the Company has neither control nor joint control, it may be in a position to exercise significant influence over the entity, which is then __classified as an associate._

4.2 Assumptions and key sources of estimation uncertainty_

Information about estimates and assumptions that have the significant effect on recognition and measurement of assets, liabilities, income and expenses is provided below. Actual results

__may differ from these estimates._

(a) Impairment of assets

Determination as to whether, and by how much, asset is impaired involves Management estimates on uncertain matters such as future prices, the effects of inflation on operating expenses, discount rate etc.

(b) Litigations

From time to time, the Company is subject to legal proceedings and the ultimate outcome of each being always subject to many uncertainties inherent in litigation. A provision for litigation is made when it is considered probable that a payment will be made and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment is made when evaluating, among other factors, the probability of unfavourable outcome and the liability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of potential loss. Provision for litigations are reviewed at the end of each accounting period and __revisions made for the changes in facts and circumstances._

33 Financial instruments

The details of significant accounting policies, including criteria for recognition, the basis of measurement and the basis on which income and expenditure are recognised, in respect of each class of financial asset, financial liability and equity instrument are disclosed below and Note 3.

A Calculation of fair values

The fair values of the financial assets and liabilities are defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of financial instruments:

i The fair value of the long-term borrowings carrying floating-rate of interest is not impacted due to interest rate changes and will not be significantly different from their carrying amounts as there is no significant change in the under-lying credit risk of the Company (since the date of inception of the loans).

ii Cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, investments in term deposits, other financial assets, trade payables, and other financial liabilities have fair values that approximate to their carrying amounts due to their short-term nature.

35 Capital management

For the purpose of the Company's capital management, capital includes issued equity capital, share premium and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity holders of the company. The primary objective of the Company's capital management is to maximise the shareholder value._

The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions and the requirements of the financial covenants. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the dividend payment to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares. The Company monitors capital using a gearing ratio, which is net debt divided by total capital plus net debt. The Company's policy is to keep optimum gearing ratio. The Company includes within net debt, interest bearing loans and borrowings, trade and other payables, less cash and cash equivalents, excluding discontinued operations.

The Company's risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Company, to set appropriate risk limits and controls, and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies and systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and the Company's activities.

The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company's risk management framework.

In performing its operating, investing and financing activities, the Company is exposed to the -Credit risk;

-Market Risk;

-Interest Rate;

-Liquidity risk

A) Credit Risk_

Credit risk arises from the possibility that the value of receivables or other financial assets of the Company may be impaired because counterparties cannot meet their payment or other performance obligations.

To manage credit risks from trade receivables other than Related Party, the credit managers from Order to Cash department of the Company regularly analyse customer's receivables, overdue and payment behaviours. Some of these receivables are collateralised and the same is used according to conditions. These could include advance payments, security deposits, postdated cheques etc. Credit limits for this trade receivables are evaluated and set in line with Company's internal guidelines. There is no significant concentration of default risk.

Credit risks from financial transactions are managed independently by Finance department. For banks and financial institutions, the Company has policies and operating guidelines in place to ensure that financial instrument transactions are only entered into with high quality banks and financial institutions. The Company had no other financial instrument that represents a significant concentration of credit risk.

The Company considers the probability of default upon initial recognition of asset and whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk on an ongoing basis through out each reporting period. To assess whether there is a significant increase in credit risk the Company compares the risk of default occurring on asset as at the reporting date with the risk of default as at the date of initial recognition. It considers reasonable and supportive forwarding-looking information such as:

i) Actual or expected significant adverse changes in business,

ii) Actual or expected significant changes in the operating results of the counterparty,

iii) Financial or economic conditions that are expected to cause a significant change to the counterparty's ability to meet its obligations,

iv) Significant changes in the value of the collateral supporting the obligation or in the quality of the third-party guarantees or credit enhancements.

Financial assets are written off when there is no reasonable expectations of recovery. Where loans or receivables have been written off, the Company continues engage in enforcement activity to attempt to recover the receivable due. Where recoveries are made, these are recognized in statement of profit & loss.

For other financial assets, the Company assesses and manages credit risk based on internal control and credit management system. The finance function consists of a separate team who assess and maintain an internal credit management system. Internal credit control and management is performed on a Company basis for each class of financial instruments with different characteristics.

The Company considers whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk on an ongoing basis throughout each reporting period. It considers available reasonable and supportive forward-looking information.

Macroeconomic information (such as regulatory changes, market interest rate or growth rates) are also considered as part of the internal credit management system._

A default on a financial asset is when the counterparty fails to make payments as per contract. This definition of default is determined by considering the business environment in which entity operates and other macro-economic factors.

The Company measures the expected credit loss of trade receivables from individual customers based on historical trend, industry practices and the business environment in which the entity operates. Loss rates are based on actual credit loss experience and past trends. Based on the historical data, no additional provision has been considered necessary in respect of trade receivables since the management has taken suitable measures to recover the said dues and is hopeful of recovery in due course of time. However, inresult of the best efforts made by management, some receivables which were continuing since earlier years realised due to which an amount of 712 lakhs (Previous Year -284 lakhs) has been reversed during the year and provision for bad debts for an amount of Rs. 712 lakhs (Previous Year Rs. -200 lakhs) has been reversed.

The Company maintains exposure in cash and cash equivalents, deposits with banks, investments, and other financial assets. Individual risk limits are set for each counter-party based on financial position, credit rating and past experience.

Credit limits and concentration of exposures are actively monitored by the Management of the Company.

The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date is the carrying value of each class of financial assets.

Additionally, considering the COVID 19 situation, the Company has also assessed the performance and recoverability of trade receivables. The Company believes that the current value of trade receivables reflects the fair value/ recoverable values.

Credit risk on Financial Assets

The company is primarily engaged in the business of trading in Iron and Steel. Payments by it are typically not secured by any form of credit support such as letters of credit, performance guarantees or escrow arrangements. Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument, leading to a financial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities and from its financing activities, including deposits with banks, foreign exchange transactions and other financial instruments.

Financial assets that are potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk and failures by counter-parties to discharge their obligations in full or in a timely manner consist principally of Trade Receivables, Loans and Advances and other assets. Credit risk on cash balances with Bank are limited because the counterparties are entities with acceptable credit ratings. The exposure to credit risk for trade receivable is low as it mainly consists of customers who are assessed by the management and the collection is received on timely basis within the credit period which is about 60 to 90 days.

The Company's maximum exposure to credit risk for the components of the Balance Sheet at March 31, 2024 and March 31,

2023 is the carrying amounts.

The average credit period taken to settle trade payables is about 30 to 90 days. The other payables are with short-term durations. The carrying amounts are assumed to be a reasonable approximation of fair value.

B)Market Risk_

Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises three types of risk: interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk, such as equity price risk and commodity risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk include loans and borrowings, deposits, FVTOCI investments and derivative financial instruments.

The following table summaries the carrying amount of financial assets and liabilities recorded at the end of the period by categories:

The sensitivity analysis in the following sections relate to the position as at March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023.

The sensitivity analysis have been prepared on the basis that the amount of net debt, the ratio of fixed to floating interest rates of the debt and derivatives and the proportion of financial instruments in foreign currencies are all constant and in place at March 31, 2024.

The following assumptions have been made in calculating the sensitivity analyses:

The sensitivity of the relevant profit or loss item is the effect of the assumed changes in respective market risks. This is based on the financial assets and financial liabilities held at March 31,2024 and March 31, 2023.

C)Interest Rate Risk

The company does not operate in an industry that requires intense capital and hence the exposure to interest rate risk is reasonably moderate. The major component of the interest charge for the company is denominated in variable risk instruments which are basically in the form of loan from banks and FI's. The details of the borrowings of the company is given in the respective notes on borrowings.

The interest rate risk exposure is mainly from changes in fixed and floating interest rates. The interest rate are disclosed in the respective notes to the financial statement of the Company. The following table analyse the breakdown of the financial assets

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D)'Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company may not be able to meet its present and future cash and collateral obligations without incurring unacceptable losses. The Company's objective is to, at all times maintain optimum levels of liquidity to meet its cash and collateral requirements. The Company closely monitors its liquidity position and deploys a robust cash management system. It maintains adequate sources of financing including debt and overdraft from banks at an optimised cost. The Company's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when they are due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company's reputation.

Due to the dynamic nature of underlying businesses, the Company maintains flexibility in funding by maintaining availability under committed credit lines.

Management monitors rolling forecast of Company's liquidity position (comprising the undrawn borrowing facilities below) and cash and cash equivalents on the basis of expected cash flows. In addition, the company's liquidity management policy involves projecting cash flows in major currencies and considering the level of liquid assets necessary to meet these, monitoring balance sheet liquidity ratios against internal and external regulatory requirements and maintaining debt financing plans.

43 Fixed Assets and Cash balance were physically verified by the management. The Certification of the same as given by the managment has been relied upon by the auditors.

44 The current assets, loans and advances have the values at least equal to the amount at which they are stated in the Balance sheet on their realisation in ordinary course of business. Provisions for all known liabilities are adequate and not in excess of the amount reasonably necessary.

45 Balances of Current Assets and Current Liabilities are subject to confirmation and consequential adjustment, if any. However, based on the best estimates made by the management and as per the past trends management is of the view that the impact arising there from, if any, is not likely to be material.

46 Segment Reporting

The company operates in only one segment. Hence, there are no other reportable segment as per Ind AS - 108 issued by ICAI.

47 Events after reporting period

No subsequent events that would have a material impact on the financials were observed after the reporting period for which effect have not been considered in the financial statements. As informed earlier, the subsidiary Readymade Steels Singapore Pte Limited. is under liquidation process and a material step down subsidiary K.H.Foges Pte Limited is placed under Judicial Management at Singapore. Correspondingly, full provision towards impairment of Investments and other Loans and Advances / receivables from these entities have already been made in the books and provision for all anticipated / known liabilities have been created.

48 Gratuity as Defined contribution benefits Scheme Defined Benefit Plan

Under the said Act, an employee who has completed 5 years of service is entitled to specific benefit. The level of benefits provided depends upon the strength of service of the employees and the salary at the retirement age.

Note

a Current ratio (in times) : Current Assets / Current liabilities b Debt - Equity ratio : Total Debt divided by Equity

c Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR) (no. of times) : Profit before interest, divided by Interest expense. d ROE : Net Profits after taxes - Preference Dividend (if any) / Average Shareholder's Equity e Inventory turnover ratio: Revenue from operations / Average Inventory

f Trade receivable turnover ratio: Revenue from operations / Average (Trade receivable and contract assets) g Trade payables turnover ratio = Net Credit Purchases / Average Trade Payables h Net profit margin (in %) : profit after tax / Revenue from operation i Net capital turnover ratio = Net Sales / Working Capital

j ROCE : Earning before interest and taxes / Capital Employed (Capital Employed = Tangible Net Worth Total Debt Deferred k Return on investment (ROI) : Profit after tax / Total Equity

*As the Net-worth is negative as on March 31, 2024 & March 31,2023.

52 (A) No proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988, as amended, and rules made thereunder.

(B) The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.

(C) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.

(D) There were no transactions relating to previously unrecorded income that have been surrendered and disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961.

(E) The Company does not have any transactions with companies struck off.

(F) The Company has not advanced or loaned to or invested in funds to any other person(s) or entity(is), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:

(i) directly or indirectly lend to or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(ii) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries

(G) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(is), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall

(i) directly or indirectly lend to or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(ii) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries

53 The accounts of certain Banks, Loans & Advances given, Trade Receivables, Other Current Assets, Lenders' liability, Trade Payables and Other liabilities are subject to confirmations, reconciliations and adjustments.

54 There are various Legal cases filed by/ against the company. Since the cases are ongoing and the management believes that they have a strong case. The Company do not foresee any material impacts on the financial statement of the Company.

55 The Company has during the year ended March 31, 2024, undertook an extensive physical verification of its fixed assets across various locations (including its factory sites). During the course of such verification, the Company have not been able to trace and identify certain assets which were either discarded from active use owing to the expiry of their useful life or have been appropriated by the Contractors at the closed sites due to non-payment of their dues. Accordingly, the Company have impaired such fixed assets aggregating to Rs. NIL (PY Rs 200 lacs) and have grouped the same under exceptional items.

56 The Company has not provided for interest liability on its Bank borrowings for the year ended March 31, 2024 since the Company have continued to remain under NPA classification.

57 The loss incurred in the current year and last year have resulted in erosion of Company's Net worth. However, the management is of the opinion that subject to approval of settlement proposals with lenders and cost reduction measures , the Company will be able to earn profit over next few years and may be in position to repay the outstanding borrowings. Hence, the financial results are prepared assuming that it will continue as going concern.

58 The Financial statements were authorised for issue in accordance with a resolution of the Directors dated May 29, 2024.

59 The Figures have been regrouped & re-arranged where necessary to conform to current period's classification.All figures of financial Statements has been rounded off to nearest lakhs rupees.

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors of Kridhan Infra Limited

Place: Mumbai Gautam Suri Mahdav Deshpande

Date : 29th May 2024 Managing Director Independent Director

DIN:08180233

Hemant Agarwal Bhavesh Nagda

Company Secretary CFO