1.13 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Capital

Commitments

1.13.1 Provisions are recognized when there is a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

1.13.2 The expenses relating to a provision is presented in the Statement of Profit and Loss net of reimbursements, if any.

1.13.3 Contingent liabilities are possible obligations whose existence will only be confirmed by future events not wholly within the control of the Company, or present obligations where it is not probable that an outflow of

resources will be required or the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.

1.13.4 Contingent liabilities are not recognized in the financial statements but are disclosed unless the possibility of an outflow of economic resources is considered remote.

1.14 Fair Value measurement

1.14.1 The Company measures certain financial instruments at fair value at each reporting date.

1.14.2 Certain accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities.

1.14.3 Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date in the principal or, in its absence, the most advantageous market to which the Company has access at that date. The fair value of a liability also reflects its non-performance risk.

1.14.4 The best estimate of the fair value of a financial instrument on initial recognition is normally the transaction price -i.e. the fair value of the consideration given or received. If the Company determines that the fair value on initial recognition differs from the transaction price and the fair value is evidenced neither by a quoted price in an active market for an identical asset or liability nor based on a valuation technique that uses only data from observable markets, then the financial instrument is initially measured at fair value, adjusted to defer the difference between the fair value on initial recognition and the transaction price. Subsequently that difference is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss on an appropriate basis over the life of the instrument but no later than when the valuation is wholly supported by observable market data or the transaction is closed out.

1.15 Financial Assets

1.15.1 Initial recognition and measurement

Trade Receivables and debt securities issued are initially recognised when they are originated. All other financial assets are initially recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. All financial assets other than those measured subsequently at fair value through profit and loss, are recognised initially at fair value plus transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.

1.15.2 Subsequent measurement

Subsequent measurement is determined with reference to the classification of the respective financial assets. Based on the business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset, the Company classifies financial assets as subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value

through other comprehensive income or fair value through profit and loss.

1.15.3 Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies Expected Credit Loss ("ECL") model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the financial assets measured at amortised cost and debt instruments measured at FVOCI.

Loss allowances on trade receivables are measured following the 'simplified approach' at an amount equal to the lifetime ECL at each reporting date. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Based on the past history and track records the Company has assessed the risk of default by the customer and expects the credit loss to be insignificant. In respect of other financial assets such as debt securities and bank balances, the loss allowance is measured at 12 month ECL only if there is no significant deterioration in the credit risk since initial recognition of the asset or asset is determined to have a low credit risk at the reporting date.

1.16 Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet, if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

1.17 Taxes on Income

1.17.1 Current Tax

Income-tax Assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, by the end of reporting period.

Current Tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in the Statement of Profit and Loss, other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

1.17.2 Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the Balance Sheet method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences.

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable

profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred Tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in the Statement of Profit and Loss, other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

1.18 Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends, if any, and attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effect of all dilutive potential equity shares.

1.19 Classification of Assets and Liabilities as Current and Non-Current:

All assets and liabilities are classified as current or noncurrent as per the Company's normal operating cycle (determined at 12 months) and other criteria set out in Schedule III of the Act.

1.20 Cash and Cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the Balance Sheet include cash at bank, cash, cheque, draft on hand and demand deposits with an original maturity of less than three months, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

For the purpose of Statement of Cash Flows, Cash and cash equivalents include cash at bank, cash, cheque and draft on hand. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a remaining maturity at the date of purchase of three months or less and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash to be cash equivalents.

1.21 Cash Flows

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, where by net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities are segregated.

Bank guarantees issued by banks on behalf of the Company Rs. 217.26 Lacs (Previous Year Rs. 413.55 Lacs). These are secured by the charge created in favour of the Company's bankers by way of pledge of Fixed Deposit Receipts.

II. Estimated amount of contracts (net of advances) remaining to be executed on capital account and not provided for Rs. NIL (P.Y. Rs. NIL)

III. Letter of credit issued by the bankers of the Company Rs. 60,78,64,440/- (P.Y. Rs. 98,60,29,659/-)

IV. The Company has cleared 19 MT of Pentaerythritol against Bill of Entry No. 616414 dated 20.10.2005. The custom department had asked the Company to pay Rs. 2,16,772/-on account of Anti Dumping Duty for clearance of the said goods as per Notification No. 93/2005 of customs issued on 20.10.2005 wherein the said goods were covered for levy of anti dumping duty imported from certain countries. The Company has deposited the said amount on 25.11.2008 as per CESTAT order no. S/603/WAB/MUM/2008/CSTB/CII dated 20.10.2008, but no provision has been made in books of accounts as the management is of the view that the consignment will not be covered under the notification, as on date of clearance of the goods the notification was not published in Gazette of India. Further, the said appeal has been upheld in CESTAT & remanded back to the learned adjudicating authority.

25. Segment reporting

The Company is mainly engaged in the business of Manufacturing of Chemicals. Considering the nature of business and financial reporting of Company, the Company has only one segment viz "Chemicals" product as reportable segment. The Company operates in Local/Export segment geographically of which the exports have amounted to Rs. 3,698.24 Lacs (P.Y.Rs. 5,589.97 Lacs) out of Total Turnover of Rs. 40,543.35 Lacs (P.Y.Rs. 46,697.38 Lacs). But due to the nature of business, the assets/ liabilities and expenses for these activities cannot be bifurcated separately

Fair value hierarchy

The fair values of the financial assets and liabilities are included at the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. This section explains the judgements and estimates made in determining the fair values of the financial instruments that are (a) recognised and measured at fair value and (b) measured at amortised cost and for which fair values are disclosed in the financial statements. To provide an indication about the reliability of the inputs used in determining fair value, the Company has classified its financial instruments into three levels prescribed under the Ind AS. An explanation for each level is given below.

Level 1: Level 1 hierarchy includes financial instruments measured using quoted prices. This includes listed equity instruments, exchange traded funds and mutual funds that have quoted price. The fair value of all equity instruments which are traded in the stock exchanges is valued using the closing price as at the reporting period. The mutual funds are valued using the closing Net Assets Value (NAV), NAV represents the price at which, the issuer will issue further units and will redeem such units of mutual funds to and from the investors.

Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuation techniques which maximize the use of observable market data and rely as little as possible on entity-specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable, the instrument is included in level 2. Instruments in the level 2 category for the Company include foreign exchange forward contracts.

Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in this level.

There are no internal transfers of financial assets and financial liabilities between Level 1, Level 2, Level 3 during the period. The Company's policy is to recognise transfers into and transfers out of fair value hierarchy level as at the end of the reporting period.

The carrying amounts of trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents, fixed deposit having maturity period upto 12 months and its interest accrued, export benefits receivable, current loans, current borrowings, trade payables and other financial liabilities are considered to be approximately same as their value, due to the short-term maturities of these financial assets/liabilities.

During the periods mentioned above, there have been no transfers amongst the levels of hierarchy.

38. Capital Management

Risk management

The Company's objectives when managing capital is to safeguard continuity, maintain a strong credit rating and healthy capital ratios in order to support its business and provide adequate return to shareholders through continuing growth. The Company's overall strategy remains unchanged from previous year.

The Company determines the amount of capital required on the basis of annual business and long-term operating plans which include capital and other strategic investments.

The funding requirements are met through a mixture of equity, internal fund generation and other long-term borrowings. The Company's policy is to use short-term and long-term borrowings to meet anticipated funding requirements.

For the purpose of the Company's capital management, equity includes paid up capital, securities premium and other reserves. Net debt are long term and short term liabilities. The Company's strategy is to maintain a gearing ratio within 2:1.

39. Financial Risk Management

The Company's activities are exposed to market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk which may adversely impact the fair value of its financial instruments. In order to minimise any adverse effects on the financial performance of the Company, derivative financial instruments, such as foreign exchange forward contracts are entered to hedge certain foreign currency risk exposures. Derivatives are used exclusively for hedging purpose and not as trading or speculative instruments.

The Company's risk management is carried out by a central treasury department under policies approved by the Board of Directors. Company's treasury team identifies, evaluates and hedges financial risks in close cooperation with the Company's respective department heads. The Board provides written principles for overall risk management, as well as policies covering specific areas, such as foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk, and credit risk, use of derivative financial instruments and nonderivative financial instruments, and investment of excess liquidity.

A. Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligation under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to a financial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables) and from its financing activities, including deposits with banks, investments in mutual funds, foreign exchange transactions and other financial instruments. The credit risk encompasses both the direct risk of default and the risk of deterioration of credit worthiness as well as concentration risks. To manage this, the Company periodically assesses the financial reliability of counter party, taking into account the financial condition, current economic trends, analyzing the risk profile of the counter party and the analysis of historical bad debts and ageing of accounts receivable etc. Individual risk limits are set accordingly.

The Company determines default by considering the business environment in which the Company operates and other macroeconomic factors. The Company considers the probability of default upon initial recognition of asset and whether there has been

a significant increase in credit risk on an ongoing basis throughout each reporting period. To assess whether there is a significant increase in credit risk the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the asset as at the reporting date with the risk of default as at the date of initial recognition. It considers reasonable and supportive forwarding-looking information such as:

i) Actual or expected significant adverse changes in business;

ii) Actual or expected significant changes in the operating results of the counterparty;

iii) Financial or economic conditions that are expected to cause a significant change to the counterparty's ability to meet its obligations;

iv) Significant increase in credit risk on other financial instruments of the same counterparty;

v) Significant changes in the value of the collateral supporting the obligation or in the quality of the third-party guarantees.

None of the financial instruments of the Company result in material concentration of credit risk. The carrying value of financial assets represent the maximum credit risk. Financial assets are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery, such as a debtor failing to engage in a repayment plan with the Company.

i) Trade receivables

The Company extends credit to customers in normal course of business. The Company considers factors such as credit track record in the market and past dealings for extension of credit to customers. Credit risk is managed through credit approvals, establishing credit limits, payment track record, monitoring financial position of the customer and other relevant factors. Outstanding customer receivables are regularly monitored and reviewed.

The Company evaluates the concentration of risk with respect to trade receivables as limited, as its customers are located in several jurisdictions and industries and operate in largely independent markets. The exposure to customers is diversified and no substantial concentration of risk as no single customer contributes more than 10% of revenue and of the outstanding receivables. Sales made in domestic market predominantly are through agents appointed by the Company, the agents being del credere agents most of the credit risk emanating thereto is borne by agents and the Company's exposure to risk is limited to sales made to customers directly. In case of direct sale, the Company has a policy of dealing only with credit worthy counter parties. The credit risk related to such sales are mitigated by taking advance, security deposit, letter of credit, setting and monitoring internal limits on exposure to individual customers as and where considered necessary.

An impairment analysis which includes assessment for indicators of impairment is performed at each reporting date on an individual basis for all major customers and provision for impairment taken. The allowance reduces the net carrying amount.

ii) Financial Instruments and Cash Deposits

The Company maintains exposure in Cash and Cash equivalents, term deposits with banks and investments in mutual funds, the same is done after considering factors such as track record, size of the institution, market reputation and service standards. Generally, the balances are maintained with the institutions from whom the Company has also availed borrowings. Individual risk limits are set for each counter party based on financial position, credit rating and past experience. Credit risk and concentration of exposure are actively monitored by the Company. None of the financial instruments of the Company result in material concentration of credit risk.

iii) The ageing analysis of the trade receivables (other than due from related parties) has been considered from the date the Invoice falls due.

B. Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that the Company will not be able to settle or meet its obligations, by delivering cash or other financial assets, on time or at a reasonable price. For the Company, liquidity risk arises from obligations on account of financial liabilities - borrowings, trade and other payables, derivative instruments and other financial liabilities.

The Company's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company's reputation. The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate cash and drawable reserves, by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows and matching the maturity profiles of the financial assets and liabilities. The Company regularly monitors liquidity position through rolling forecast based on estimated free cash flow generated from business. The Company invests its surplus funds in bank fixed deposits and liquid schemes of mutual funds, which carry no/negligible mark to market risks.

ii) Maturities of Financial liabiliities

The tables below analyse the Company's financial liabilities into relevant maturity groupings based on their contractual maturities for:

- all non derivative financial liabilities, and

- net and gross settled derivative financial instruments for which the contractual maturities are essential for an understanding of the timing of the cash flows.

Market risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates and equity or commodity prices will affect the Company's income/cash flows or the value of its holdings of financial instruments. The objective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters, while optimizing the return. The sensitivity analysis excludes the impact of movements in market variables on the carrying value of postemployment benefit obligations provisions and on the non-financial assets and liabilities. Financial instruments affected by market risk include receivables, loans and borrowings, advances, deposits, investments and derivative financial instruments. The sensitivity of the relevant profit and loss item is the effect of the assumed changes in respective market risks.

The Company's activities expose it to risks on account of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as foreign exchange forward contracts of varying maturity depending upon the underlying contract as a risk management strategy to manage its exposures to foreign exchange fluctuations and interest rate.

Foreign currency risk

Currency risk is the risk that the fair value of a financial instrument or future cash flows fluctuate because of changes in market price of the functional currency. The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk on their receivables and payables which are mainly held in the United State Dollar ("USD"), the Euro ("EUR") and British Pound ('GBP'). Consequently, the Company is exposed primarily to the risk that the exchange rate of the Indian Rupees ("Rs.") relative to the USD, the EUR, and the GBP may change in a manner that has a material effect on the reported values of the Company's assets and liabilities that are denominated in these foreign currencies.

The Company evaluates exchange rate exposure arising from foreign currency transactions and follows established risk management policy wherein exposure is identified, a benchmark is set and monitored closely for suitable hedges, including minimizing cross currency transactions, using natural hedge and the use of derivatives like foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge exposure to foreign currency risk.

41. The Code on Social Security, 2020

The Code on Social Security 2020 ('Code') has been notified in the Official Gazette on September 29, 2020. The Code is not yet effective and related rules are yet to be notified. Impact if any of the change will be assessed and recognized in the period in which said Code becomes effective and the rules framed thereunder are notified.

42. Other Statutory information

(i) The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Group for holding any Benami property.

(ii) The Company do not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.

(iii) The Company have not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.

(iv) The Company have not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.

(v) The Company is in compliance with the number of layers prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with the Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017 (as amended).

(vi) The Company does not have any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

43. Significant Events after the Reporting Period

There were no significant adjusting events that occurred subsequent to the reporting period other than the events disclosed in the relevant notes.

44. Approval of Standalone Financial Statements

The Standalone financial statements were approved for issue by the Board of Directors on May 30, 2024.

As per Annexed Report of Even Date

For and on behalf of Board of Directors

NGST & Associates

Chartered Accountants Sd/- Sd/-

Firm Reg. No. 135159W Kamalkumar Dujodwala Pannkaj Dujodwala

Chairman Managing Director

Sd/- DIN-00546281 DIN-00546353

Bhupendra Gandhi

Partner

Membership No. 122296 Sd/- Sd/-

Shrirang V. Rajule Nitin Kore

Place: Mumbai Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary

Dated: May 30, 2024