l) Provisions:
Provisions are recognised when there is a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, as a result of a past event, when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.
Any reimbursement that the Company can be virtually certain to collect from a third party with respect to the obligation is recognised as a separate asset. However, this asset may not exceed the amount of the related provisions.
Provisions are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. If it is no longer probable that an outflow of economic resources will be required to settle the obligation, the provisions are reversed. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provisions due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.
m) Contingencies:
Where it is not probable that an inflow or an outflow of economic resources will be required, or the amount cannot be estimated reliably, the asset or the obligation is not recognised in the statements of balance sheet and is disclosed as a contingent asset or contingent liability. Possible outcomes on obligations/rights, whose existence will only be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events, are also disclosed as contingent assets or contingent liabilities.
n) Taxes on income:
Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax.Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961. Current tax includes taxes to be paid on the profit earned during the year and for the prior periods.
Deferred income taxes are provided based on the balance sheet approach considering the temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.
Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if it is probable that they can be utilised against future taxable profits.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The Company writes-down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realised. Any such writedown is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain that sufficient future taxable income will be available.
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities have been offset wherever the Company has a legally enforceable right to set-off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and where the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to income tax levied by the same taxation authority. The power generating assets in the Company are entitled for certain income tax benefits in the form of an income tax exemption for the proportion of profits earned by these assets, as specified in the income tax regulations of the underlying geography. The Company has not recognised deferred tax on temporary differences relating to depreciation which originate and reverse during the tax holiday period and on the unutilised tax losses which are not eligible to be carried forward after the tax holiday period.
o) Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, demand deposits and short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value. For this purpose, "short-term” means investments having maturity of three months or less from the date of investment.
p) Fair value measurement:
The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either in the principal market for such asset or liability, or in the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market which is accessible to the Company.
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the standalone financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
a. Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted market prices) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
b. Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurements is directly or indirectly observable.
c. Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.
q) Financial instruments:
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Financial assets:
a) Initial recognition and measurement:
All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. However, trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are measured at transaction price. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at FVTPL are expensed in Statement of Profit and Loss. Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.
b) Subsequent measurement:
For subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified into following categories:
a. Debt instruments
b. Equity instruments
a. Debt Instruments:
A 'debt instrument' is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met:
i. The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and
ii. Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
b. Equity instruments/Investment in mutual funds:
Equity instruments/Mutual funds in the scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable. Subsequent changes in the fair values at each reporting date are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
All equity investments in subsidiaries are measured at cost less diminution other than temporary. All other equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity investments which are held for trading are classified as FVTPL. For all other equity investments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in OCI subsequent changes in fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable. If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in OCI. There is no recycling of amounts from OCI to P&L, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain/loss within equity. Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
c) De-recognition:
A financial asset or where applicable, a part of a financial asset is primarily derecognised when:
i. The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or
ii. The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a 'pass-through' arrangement; and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.
When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company's continuing involvement.
Impairment of financial assets:
In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the debt instruments, that are measured at amortised cost e.g., loans, debt securities, deposits, trade receivables and bank balance.
Expected credit loss is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive.
The management uses a provision matrix to determine the impairment loss on the portfolio of trade and other receivables. Provision matrix is based on its historically observed expected credit loss rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward looking estimates.
Expected credit loss allowance or reversal recognised during the period is recognised as income or expense, as the case may be, in the Statement of Profit and Loss. In case of balance sheet, it is shown as reduction from the specific financial asset.
Financial liabilities:
a) Initial recognition and measurement:
At initial recognition, all financial liabilities are recognised at fair value and in the case of loans, borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
b) Subsequent measurement:
i. Financial liabilities at FVTPL:
Financial liabilities at FVTPL include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at FVTPL. Gain or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The Company has not designated any financial liability at FVTPL.
ii. Financial liabilities at amortised cost:
Amortised cost, in case of financial liabilities with maturity more than one year, is calculated by discounting the future cash flows with effective interest rate. The effective interest rate amortisation is included as finance costs in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Financial liability with maturity of less than one year is shown at transaction value.
c) De-recognition:
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. The difference between the carrying amount of a financial liability that has been extinguished or transferred to another party and the consideration paid, including any non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed, is recognised in profit or loss as other income or finance costs.
r) Financial guarantee contracts:
A financial guarantee contract is a contract that requires the issuer to make specified payments to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because a specified debtor fails to make payment when due in accordance with original or modified terms of a debt instrument.
The Company measures any financial guarantee on initial recognition at their fair value.
Subsequently these contracts are measured at the higher of:
a. the amount of the loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109, and
b. the amount initially recognised, less where appropriate, cumulative amount of income recognised in accordance with the principles of Ind AS 115.
s) Derivatives financial instruments:
The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as forward exchange contracts to hedge its risk associated with foreign currency fluctuations. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at contract/agreed rate on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.
Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
t) Hedging Activities and Derivatives:
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
The Company uses foreign currency denominated borrowings and foreign exchange forward contracts to manage some of its transaction exposures. The foreign exchange forward contracts are not designated as cash flow hedges and are entered into for periods consistent with foreign currency exposure of the underlying transactions generally from one to 6 months.
A hedging relationship qualifies for hedge accounting if, and only if all the following conditions are met:
a. At the inception of the hedge there is formal designation and documentation of the hedging relationship and the entity's risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge. That documentation shall include the identification of hedging instrument, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged and how the entity will assess the hedging instrument's effectiveness in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item's fair value or cash flows attributable to the hedged risk.
b. The hedge is expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows attributable to the hedged risk, consistently with the originally documented risk management strategy for that particular hedging relationship.
c. For cash flow hedges, a forecast transaction that is the subject of the hedge must be highly probable and must present an exposure to various cash flows that could ultimately affect profit or loss.
d. The effectiveness of the hedge can be reliably measured i.e.; the fair values or the cash flows of the hedged item that are attributable to the hedged risk and the fair value of the hedging instrument can be reliably measured.
e. The hedge is assessed on an ongoing basis and determined actually to have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which the hedge was designated.
As at 31 March 2024, the Company's hedging instruments did not qualify for hedge accounting in accordance with the Company's policy. Hence the derivate contracts are not designated in hedge relationships and are measured at FVTPL.
u) Non-current assets (or disposal groups) held for sale and discontinued operations (refer note 41):
Non-current assets (or disposal groups) are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use and a sale is considered highly probable. They are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell, except for assets such as deferred tax assets, assets arising from employee benefits, financial assets and contractual rights under insurance contracts, which are specifically exempt from this requirement.
An impairment loss is recognised for any initial or subsequent write-down of the asset (or disposal group) to fair value less costs to sell. A gain is recognised for any subsequent increases in fair value less costs to sell of an asset (or disposal group), but not in excess of any cumulative impairment loss previously recognised. A gain or loss not previously recognised by the date of the sale of the non-current asset (or disposal group) is recognised at the date of de-recognition.
Non-current assets (including those that are part of a disposal group) are not depreciated or amortised while they are classified as held for sale. Non-current assets classified as held for sale are presented separately from the other assets in the balance sheet.
A discontinued operation is a component of the entity that has been disposed of or is classified as held for sale and that represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of such a line of business or area of operations, or is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale. The results of discontinued operations are presented separately in the statement of profit and loss.
v) Recent pronouncements
Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA”) notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended 31 March 2024, MCA has not notified any new standards or amendments to the existing standards applicable to the Company.
(b) Securities premium
The amount received in excess of face value of the equity shares is recognised in securities premium. This reserve is utilised in accordance with the provisions of the Act.
(c) General reserve
General reserve is used from time to time to transfer profits from retained earnings for appropriation purposes. This reserve is freely available for use by the Company.
(d) Surplus in Statement of Profit and Loss
Surplus in Statement of Profit and Loss represents the profits that the Company has earned till date, less any transfers to general reserve, dividends or other distribution to shareholders.
(e) Actuarial gain/(loss) on employment benefits
The reserve represents the remeasurement gains/(losses) arising from the actuarial valuation of the defined benefit obligations of the Company. The remeasurement gains/(losses) are recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated under this reserve within equity. The amounts recognized under this reserve are not reclassified to Statement of Profit and Loss.
* Represents amounts distributed towards final dividend at the rate of '6.00 per equity share for the financial year 31 March 2023 (31 March 2023: '6.00 per equity share for the financial year ended 31 March 2022).
Details of security and other terms of borrowings:
(a) Term loan outstanding to the tune of 'Nil (31 March 2023: '7,672.48) was secured by the pari passu first charge on fixed assets of the Company, both present and future excluding 38 acres of land at Paloncha and a second pari-passu charge on the present and future current assets of the Company. The loan was further secured by way of exclusive charge on the Debt Service Reserve Account of the Company. The loan was repayable in 32 unequal quarterly instalments from the date of first disbursement with final maturity date being 31 March 2026. As at 31 March 2024, the holding company has repaid the entire loan amount including prepayment of '6,393.73 during the current year.
(b) Term loan outstanding to the tune of 'Nil (31 March 2023: '2,187.50) was secured by the pari passu second charge on fixed assets of the Company, both present and future excluding 38 acres of land at Paloncha and a second pari-passu charge on the present and future current assets of the Company. The loan is repayable in 48 structured monthly repayments of '62.50 each, commencing from March 2022. As at 31 March 2024, the holding company has repaid the entire loan amount including prepayment of '1,812.50 during the current year.
(c) Working capital loans from banks outstanding to the tune of '941.2 (31 March 2023: '3,363.89) represents cash credit facility availed from banks and carry an interest linked to the respective Bank's prime/base lending rates, ranging from 8.90% to 9.90% per annum (31 March 2023: 7.90% to 8.90% per annum). The said facility is secured by hypothecation of all chargeable current assets of the Company, including raw materials, work-in-
(b) Claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts:
(i) As of 31 March 2024, the Company is a party to an ongoing dispute in respect of cross-subsidy charges levied by the power utility authority of the State of Telangana, which is presently pending with the Honourable High Court of the State of Telangana. In respect of the claim of '1,486.00 (31 March 2023: '1,486.00) management has re-assessed, and it continues to believe a favourable outcome of the proceedings. Accordingly, no further adjustments were considered in the accompanying standalone financial statements.
(ii) During the previous year, the Northern Power Distribution Company of Telangana Limited (NPDCL) levied a Grid Support Charge (GSC) on the Company, the underlying grounds of which is duly and rightfully contested by way of an appeal with the Honourable High Court of Telangana. Having challenged the demand, management based on its internal assessment in consultation with in-house legal counsel, were of the opinion that the aforesaid litigation could result in a potential economic outflow towards the GSC, and accordingly out of abundant precaution provided a sum of '3,120.00 during the year ended 31 March 2022. Further, on consideration of stay order granted by the honourable High Court of Telangana, management is confident that the outcome of the proceedings is unlikely to result in payment of interest on GSC amounting to '8,689.60 as claimed by NPDCL, accordingly no further adjustments were considered necessary in the accompanying standalone financial statements. A similar claim was lodged by Eastern Power Distribution Company of Andhra Pradesh Limited for a sum of '163.09 which is also contested by the Company.
(iii) Pursuant to the income tax assessment for the years mentioned below, the Company had received various demands from the income tax authorities in relation to the inadmissibility of certain expenditure in accordance with the provisions of the income tax law and compliances with the arm's length guidelines in relation to international transactions with associated enterprises. The management, on the basis of its internal assessment of the facts of the case, the underlying nature of transactions, the history of judgements made by the various appellate authorities and the necessary advise received from the independent expert engaged in this regard, is of the view that the probability of the case being settled against the Company is remote and accordingly do not foresee any adjustment to the financial statements in this regard. The details of the relevant financial year which is subject to the dispute and the amount of demand along with the interest and penalties demanded is as follows:
Other pending litigations - contingent assets:
(v) The Company, along with certain other petitioners, have filed a Special Leave Petition with the Honourable Supreme Court of India in relation to applicability of provisions of the Andhra Pradesh Electricity Duty Act, 1939 to the captive power generation facility of the Company situated at Samalkot, Andhra Pradesh for the period beginning 1 April 2003 until the 31 March 2013. The Company has already recognised liabilities aggregating to '345.38 (31 March 2023: '345.38) towards electricity duty on the number of units of energy captively consumed. Pursuant to an interim order from the Honourable Supreme Court, the Company has also paid a sum of '137.28 (31 March 2023: '137.28) towards the said levy. However, based on its assessment of the facts, status of the case and the underlying regulations on applicability of the electricity duty, the management does not foresee any further adjustments to these financial statements in this regard.
(vi) The Company is a party to a dispute with the Grid Corporation of Odisha (GRIDCO) in relation to amounts involving '2,582.00 (31 March 2023: '2,582.00) relating to sale of power during the earlier periods. While the Company has received substantial part of the payment against the original dues, however, a sum of '189.93 is due as of 31 March 2024 (31 March 2023: '189.93). The matter is currently pending with the Honourable Supreme Court of India, the Company wrote off this amount in the earlier years. Basis management assessment, no further adjustment are considered necessary in the accompanying standalone financial statements.
(vii) The Company had filed an appeal against the demand aggregating to '668.00 (31 March 2023: '668.00) from the electricity regulatory authorities of the state of Telangana towards the payment of Voltage Surcharge and additional charges for the period 1 March 1983 to 30 June 1987. The matter was awarded in favour of the Company, however, bank guarantees furnished by the Company to the tune of '409.00 (31 March 2023: '409.00) against the said demands were encashed by the authorities, against which management has filed necessary appeals with the Honourable High Court of the State of Telangana. Pending final outcome of the said petitions, the management has recognised adequate provision in relation to the said dues.
(f) The Company has committed to provide financial support as necessary amounting to '5,704.08 as at 31 March 2024 (31 March 2023: Nil), to enable its stepdown subsidiary companies, Compai Pharma Pte. Ltd, The Iron Suites Pte. Ltd and Compai Healthcare Sdn, Bhd to meet their operational requirements as they arise and to meet its liabilities as and when they fall due.
(g) In accordance with the applicable provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961, the Company is required to use certain specified methods in assessing that the transactions with certain designated related parties, are carried at an arm's length price and is also required to maintain prescribed information and documents to support such assessment. The appropriate method to be adopted will depend on the nature of transactions / class of transactions, class of associated persons, functions performed and other factors as prescribed. Based on certain internal analysis carried out, management believes that transactions entered into with the related parties were carried out at arms length prices. The Company is in the process of updating the transfer pricing documentation for the financial year ended 31 March 2024. In opinion of the management, the same would not have an impact on these financial statements. Accordingly, these financial statements do not include the effect of the transfer pricing implications, if any.
36. Financial Risk Management objectives and policies:
The Company is exposed to financial risks arising from its operations and the use of financial instruments. The key financial risks include market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company's risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Company and seek to, where appropriate, minimize potential impact of the risk and to control and monitor such risks. There has been no change to the Company's exposure to these financial risks or the manner in which it manages and measures the risks.
The following sections provide details regarding the Company's exposure to the financial risks associated with financial instruments held in the ordinary course of business and the objectives, policies and processes for management of these risks.
(i) Market risk
Market risk is the risk of loss of future earnings, fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market rates and prices. The Company is exposed to market risk primarily related to interest rate risk, currency rate risk and other price risks, such as equity risk. Thus, the Company's exposure to market risk is a function of investing and borrowing activities and revenues generated and operating activities in foreign currencies.
(a) Interest rate risk:
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of the Company and the Company's financial instruments will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company's exposure to interest rate risk relates primarily to the floating interest rate borrowings. The Company's investment in deposits with banks, deposits with others, investments in bonds and non convertible debentures with fixed interest rates and therefore do not expose the Company to significant interest rate risk. Further, the loans extended by the Company carries a fixed interest rate and therefore not subject to interest rate risk since neither the carrying value nor the future cash flows will fluctuate because of the change in market interest rates.
* The Company has entered into interest rate swap arrangement against the variable rate borrowing amounting to 'Nil (31 March 2023: '639.38) and accordingly the impact of interest rate sensitivity as mentioned above is expected to be offset proportionately.
(b) Foreign Currency Risk:
Currency risk is the risk that the value of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company's exposure to the risk of change in foreign exchange rates relates primarily to the Company's operating activities (when revenue or expense is denominated in foreign currency) and financing activities (when borrowings are denominated in foreign currency).
The Company has transactional currency exposures arising from services provided or availed that are denominated in a currency other than the functional currency. The foreign currencies in which these transactions are denominated are mainly in US Dollars ($). The Company's trade receivable and trade payable balances at the end of the reporting period have similar exposures.
The Company does use financial derivatives such as foreign currency forward contracts and swaps.
(ii) Credit risk:
Credit risk is the risk of loss that may arise on outstanding financial instruments when a counterparty defaults on its obligations. The Company's exposure to credit risk arises primarily from loans extended, security deposits, balances with bankers, investments in bonds, non-convertible debentures and fixed deposits other than banks and trade and other receivables. The Company minimises credit risk by dealing exclusively with high credit rating counterparties. The Company's objective is to seek continual revenue growth while minimising losses incurred due to increased credit risk exposure. The Company trades only with recognised and creditworthy third parties. It is the Company's policy that all customers who wish to trade on credit terms are subject to credit verification procedures.
In addition, receivable balances are monitored on an ongoing basis with the result that the Company's exposure to bad debts is not significant.
(a) Exposure to credit risk:
At the end of the reporting period, the Company's maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the carrying amount of each class of financial assets recognised in the statement of financial position. No other financial assets carry a significant exposure to credit risk.
(b) Credit risk concentration profile:
At the end of the reporting period, there were no significant concentrations of credit risk. The maximum exposures to credit risk in relation to each class of recognised financial assets is represented by the carrying amount of each financial assets as indicated in the balance sheet.
(c) Financial assets that are neither past due nor impaired:
None of the Company's cash equivalents, other bank balances, loans, security deposits and other receivables were past due or impaired as at 31 March 2024. Trade and other receivables including
loans that are neither past due nor impaired are from creditworthy debtors with good payment record with the Company. Cash and short-term deposits investment securities that are neither past due nor impaired, are placed with or entered with reputable banks financial institutions or companies with high credit ratings and no history of default.
(d) Financial assets that are either past due or impaired:
The Company doesn't have any significant trade receivables or other financial assets which are impaired. The Company's exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of each customer. However, the Management also evaluates the factors that may influence the credit risk of its customer base, including the default risk and country in which the customers operate. The management has established a credit policy under which each new customer is analyzed individually for creditworthiness before the Company's standard payment and delivery terms and conditions are offered. The Company's review includes external ratings, if available, financial statements, credit agency information, industry information and in some case bank references. The Company's receivables turnover is quick and historically, there was no significant default on account of trade and other receivables. An impairment analysis is performed at each reporting date on an individual basis for major clients. In addition, a large number of minor receivables are grouped into homogenous groups and assessed for impairment collectively. The Company has used a practical expedient by computing the expected credit loss allowance for trade receivables based on a provision matrix. The provision matrix takes into account historical credit loss experience and is adjusted for forward looking information. The Company evaluates the concentration of risk with respect to trade receivables as low, as its customers are located in several jurisdictions and operate in largely independent markets.
(iii) Liquidity risk:
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they become due. The Company manages its liquidity risk by ensuring, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risk to the Company's reputation.
Management monitors rolling forecasts of the Company's liquidity position (comprising the undrawn borrowing facilities) and cash and cash equivalents on the basis of expected cash flows.
The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Company's financial liabilities based on contractual undiscounted payments as of 31 March 2024:
43. Utilisation of Borrowed funds and share premium
(a) For the year ended 31 March 2024:
(i) Details of funds that have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other sources or kind of funds) by the Company to or in any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities ("Intermediaries”) with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Intermediary shall lend or invest in party identified by or on behalf of the Company (Ultimate Beneficiaries): a) date and amount of fund advanced or loaned or invested in Intermediaries with complete details of each Intermediary:
44. Disclosures pursuant to the requirement as specified under Paragraph 6(L)(ix)(a) and (b) of the General Instruction for preparation as per Balance Sheet of Schedule III to the Act:
(i) Working capital facility with consortium of banks is secured against all the chargeable current assets of the Company, both present and future. To comply with the provisions of loan arrangement, select information relating to trade receivables, inventories, and creditors for purchases are considered relevant are furnished to the lenders on a quarterly basis by the due date following the end of the reporting period. 'No differences were noted in the quarterly returns or statements of current assets filed by the Company with banks or financial institutions upon comparision with the books of accounts during the year ended 31 March 2024 and 31 March 2023.
45. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has prescribed a new requirement for companies under the proviso to Rule 3(1) of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 inserted by the Companies (Accounts) Amendment Rules 2021 requiring companies, which uses accounting software for maintaining its books of account, shall use only such accounting software which has a feature of recording audit trail of each and every transaction, creating an edit log of each change made in the books of account along with the date when such changes were made and ensuring that the audit trail cannot be disabled.
The Company uses an accounting software for maintaining its books of account. The audit trail (edit log) feature was enabled at the application level and the same operated throughout the year. However, the audit trail (edit log) feature at database level were enabled from 18 March 2024.
The users of the company do not have any access to database IDs with Data Manipulation Language (DML) authority, which can make direct data changes (create, change, delete) at the database level. Management has assured that throughout the reporting period i.e. from 1 April 2023 to 31 March 2024, no unauthorized personnel was provided with access to database IDs with Data Manipulation Language (DML) authority to prevent any changes through data base (create, change, delete).
46. Additional disclosures
(i) No proceedings have been initiated on or are pending against the Company for holding benami property under the Benami Transactions Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and Rules made thereunder.
(ii) The Company have not been declared willful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any government authority.
(iii) No transactions are carried out with companies struck off under section 248 of the Act or section 560 of Companies Act, 1956.
(iv) The Company has complied with the number of layers prescribed under the Companies Act, 2013.
(v) The Company has not entered into any scheme of arrangement which has an accounting impact on current or previous financial year.
(vi) There is no income surrendered or disclosed as income during the current or previous year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961, that has not been recorded in the books of account.
(vii) The Company has not traded or invested in crypto currency or virtual currency during the current or previous year.
(viii) There are no charges or satisfaction which are yet to be registered with the registrar of companies beyond the statutory period.
(ix) There was no revaluation of Property, plant and equipment and Intangible assets carried out by the Company during the respective reporting periods.
For Walker Chandiok & Co LLP For and on behalf of the Board of Directors of
Chartered Accountants Nava Limited
Firm's Registration No.: 001076N/N500013
Sanjay Kumar Jain Sultan A. Baig G R K Prasad P. Trivikrama Prasad Ashwin Devineni
Partner Chief Financial Officer Executive Director Managing Director Chief Executive Officer
Membership No.: 207660 DIN:00006852 DIN: 00006887
VSN Raju D. Ashok
Company Secretary Chairman
& Vice President DIN: 00006903
Place: Hyderabad, India Place: Hyderabad, India
Date: 17 May 2024 Date: 17 May 2024
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