3.9 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability.
When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.
When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, for example, under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.
Contingent liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in the notes.
Contingent assets are not recognised but are disclosed in the notes where an inflow of economic benefits is probable. 3.10 Financial Instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when an entity becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in profit or loss.
3 .11 F i nanc ial asse ts
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial assets are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. On initial recognition, a financial asset is recognized at fair value. In case of financial assets which are recognized at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL), its transaction costs are recognized in the Statement of Profit and loss. In other cases, the transaction costs are attributed to the acquisition value of the financial asset.
Subsequent measurement
All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.
Effective interest method
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. Income is recognized on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as a FVTPL. Interest income is recognized in profit or loss and is included in the "Other Income" line item.
Classification of financial assets:
Financial assets measured at amortized cost.
A financial asset is measured at the amortized cost if both the following conditions are met:
a) The Company's business model objective for managing the financial asset is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and
b) The Contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
This category applies to cash and bank balances, trade receivables, loans and other financial assets of the Company. Such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
The amortized cost of a financial asset is also adjusted for loss allowances, if any.
Financial assets measured at FVTOCI
A financial asset is measured at FVTOCI if both of the following conditions are met:
a) The Company's business model objective for managing the financial asset is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets, and
b) The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal on the principal amount outstanding.
Financial assets measured at FVTPL
A financial asset is measured at FVTPL unless it is measured at amortized cost or at FVTOCI as explained above.
This is a residual category applied to all other investments of the Company. Such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value at each reporting date. Fair value changes are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Dividend Income on the investments in equity instruments are recognized as 'other income' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Foreign exchange gains and losses
The fair value of financial assets denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of each reporting period. For foreign currency denominated financial assets measured at amortized cost and FVTPL, the exchange differences are recognized in profit or loss except for those which are designated as hedging instruments in a hedging relationship.
Derecognition
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of group of similar financial assets) is derecognized (i.e. removed from the Company's Balance Sheet) when any of the following occurs:
a) The contractual rights to cash flows from the financial assets expires,
b) The company transfers its contractual rights to receive cash flows of the financial asset and has substantially transferred all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset;
c) The Company retains the contractual rights to receive cash flows but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows without material delay to one or more recipients under a 'pass through' arrangement (thereby substantially transferring all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset);
d) The Company neither transfer nor retains substantially all risk and rewards of ownership and does not retain control over the financial assets.
In cases where Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the financial asset, but retains control of the financial asset, the Company continues to recognize such financial asset to the extent of its continuing involvement in the financial asset; in that case, the Company also recognizes an associated liability.
The financial asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.
On derecognition of a financial asset, the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognized in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognized in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset.
Impairment of financial assets
The Company applies expected credit losses (ECL) model for recognizing impairment loss on financial assets measured at amortized cost and trade receivables. In case of trade receivables, the Company follows a simplified approach wherein an amount equal to lifetime ECL is measured and recognized as loss allowance. For the purpose of measuring lifetime expected credit loss, for trade receivables, the Company has used a practical expedient as permitted under Ind AS 109. The expected credit loss allowance is computed based on a provision matrix which takes in to account historical credit loss experience and adjusted for forward looking information. For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the company determines whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If the credit risk has not increased significantly, 12 month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if the credit risk has increased significantly, then the impairment loss is provided based on lifetime ECL. Subsequently, if the credit quality of the financial asset improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, the Company reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL. ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income / expenses in the Statement of profit and loss under the head 'Other expense'.
3.12 Financial liabilities and equity instruments Debt and Equity Instruments:
Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instruments.
Equity instruments:
An equity instruments is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities, Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognised at the proceeds received, not of direct issue costs.
Financial Liabilities:
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value.
Subsequent measurement
Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Financial liabilities at FVTPL
A financial liability may be designated as at FVTPL upon initial recognition if:
• such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise;
• the financial liability whose performance is evaluated on a fair value basis, in accordance with the Company's documented risk management;
Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognised in profit or loss. The net gain or loss recognised in profit or loss incorporates any interest paid on the financial liability.
Foreign exchange gains and losses
For financial liabilities that are denominated in a foreign currency and are measured at amortised cost at the end of each reporting period, the foreign exchange gains and losses are determined based on the amortised cost of the instruments and are recognised in profit or loss.
The fair value of financial liabilities denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the closing rate at the end of the reporting period. For financial liabilities that are measured as at FVTPL, the foreign exchange component forms part of the fair value gains or losses and is recognised in profit or loss.
Derecognition of financial liabilities
A financial liability is derecognition when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognized and the consideration paid is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
3.13 Leases
At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
The company recognizes a right-of-use assets and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received. The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain re-measurements of the lease liability.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, company's incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.
The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the company's estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option.
When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.
The company presents right-of-use assets that do not meet the definition of investment property in 'property, plant and equipment' and lease liabilities in 'loans and borrowings' in the statement of financial position.
Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets
The company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases of real estate properties that have a lease term of 12 months. The company recognizes the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
3.14 Segment Reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) of the Company. The CODM is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments of the Company.
3.15 Fair Value
The Company measures financial instruments at fair value in accordance with the accounting policies mentioned above. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either;
• In the principal market for the asset or liability, or
• In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the Standalone financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy that categorized into three levels, described as follows, the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure value. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for Identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 inputs) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs).
Level 1 - quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or Liabilities.
Level 2 - inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3 - inputs that are unobservable for the asset or liability.
For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the Standalone financial statements at fair value on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorized at the end of each reporting period and discloses the same.
3.16 Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing the profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax as adjusted for the effects of dividend interest and other charges relating to the dilutive potential equity shares by weighted average number of shares plus dilutive potential equity shares.
3.17 Investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures
The Investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures are carried in these Standalone financial statements at historical 'cost', except when the investment, or a portion thereof, is classified as held for sale, in which case it is accounted for as Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations. Where the carrying amount of an investment in greater than its estimated recoverable amount, it is written down immediately to its recoverable amount and the difference is transferred to the statement of Profit and Loss. On disposal of investment, the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount is charges or credited to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
3.18 Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions Significant accounting judgements
The application of the Company's accounting policies in the preparation of the Company's Standalone financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. The estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis and any revisions thereto are recognized in the period in which they are revised or in the period of revision and future periods if the revision affects both the current and future periods. Actual results may differ from these estimates which could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.
Estimates and assumptions
The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments may change due to market changes or circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.
(a) Fair value measurement of financial instruments
When the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using ECL model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgement is required in establishing fair values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments.
(b) Defined benefit plans (gratuity benefits)
The cost of the defined benefit gratuity plan and the present value of the gratuity obligation are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
(c) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. Contingent liabilities are not recognised in the Standalone financial statements. The policy for the same has been explained above in note 3.9.
The sensitivity analysis presented above may not be representative of the actual change in the defined benefit obligation as it is unlikely that the change in assumption would occur in isolation of one another as some of the assumptions may be correlated. Furthermore, in presenting the above sensitivity analysis, the present value of the defined benefit obligation has been calculated using the projected unit credit method at the end of the reporting period, which is the same as that applied in calculating the defined benefit obligation liability recognized in the balance sheet.
VII. Asset Liability Matching Strategies
The Company has purchased insurance policy, which is basically a year-on year cash accumulation plan in which the interest rate is declared on yearly basis and is guaranteed for a period of one year. The Insurance Company, as part of the policy rules, makes payment of all gratuity out goes happening during the year (subject to sufficiency of funds under the policy). The policy thus mitigates the liquidity risk. However, being a cash accumulation plan, the duration of assets is shorter compared to the duration of liabilities. Thus, the Company is exposed to movement in interest rate (in particular, the significant fall in interest rates, which should result in a increase in liability without corresponding increase in the asset).
VIII. Effect of Plan on Entity's Future Cash Flows
(i) Funding arrangements and Funding Policy
The Company has purchased an insurance policy to provide for payment of gratuity to the employees. Every year, the insurance company carries out a funding valuation based on the latest employee data provided by the Company. Any deficit in the assets arising as a result of such valuation is funded by the Company.
(ii) Expected contribution during the next annual reporting period
The Company's best estimate of Contribution during the next year is ' 21.33 Lacs.
(iii) Financial risk management objective
The Company's financial liabilities comprise mainly of borrowing, trade payables and other payables. The Company's financial assets comprise mainly of investmens in mutual funds, cash and cash equivelant, other balance with banks, loans, trade receivable and other receivable. These risks include market risk (including currency risk, interest rate risk and other price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk.
(iv) Market Risk
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises of three types of risks: interest rate risk, currency risk and other risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk includes borrowings, investments, trade payable, trade receivable, loans and advances.
a) Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company's exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Company's long tem debt obligations with floating interest rates.
The sensitivity analysis has been carried out based on the exposure to interest rates on long term borrowings. The said analysis has been carried on the amount of floating rate long term liabilities outstanding at the end of the reporting period. A 50 basis point increase or decrease represents management's assessment of the reasonably possible change in interest rates.
In case of fluctuation in interest rates by 50 basis points on the exposure of ' Nil as on 31st March,2024 and ' Nil as on 31st March,2023 and all other variables were held constant, the company's profit for the year would increase or decrease as Nil.
b) Foreign Currency Risk
Foreign Currency risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate due to changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company does not enter into any derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
c) Other Price Risk
Other price risk is the risk that the fair value of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market traded price. Other price risk arises from financial assets such as investments in equity instruments and mutual funds. The Company is exposed to price risk arising mainly from investment in equity and liquid based mutual fund. The carring value of such mutual funds recognised at FVTPL amount to ' 3056.89 Lakhs as at 31st March, 2024 (' 2339 Lakhs as at 31st March, 2023). The details of such instruments are given in Note 13.
If the NAV has been higher/lower by 10% from the market NAV existing as at 31st March, 2024, the income from other source for the year ended 31st March 2024 would increase/decrease by ' 305.69 Lakhs (for 2022-23'233.9 Lakhs) with a corresponding increase/decrease in total equity of the Company as at 31st March, 2024. 10% represents managment's assessment of reasonably possible changes in NAV of mutual funds.
V Credit Risk
Credit risk refers to risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Company. Credit risk arises primarily from financial assets such as trade receivables, investment in mutual funds, derivative financial instruments, other balances with banks, loans and other receivables.
(a) Trade receivables management
The Company has used a practical expedient by computing the expected credit loss allowance for trade receivable based on a provision matrix. The Provision matrix takes into account historical credit loss experience and adjusted for forward -looking information. The expected credit loss allowance is based on the ageing of the days the receivable are due and the rates as given in the provision matrix.
b) Other financial assets
Credit risk arising from investment in mutual funds, derivative financial instruments and other balances with banks is limited and there is no collateral held against these because the counterparties are banks and recognized financial institutions with high credit ratings assigned by the various credit rating agencies and investment in mutual funds are equity and liquid fund.
VI Liqudity Risk
Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and marketable securities and the availability of funding through an adequate amount of committed credit facility to meet obligations when due and to close out market positions. The treasury department is responsible for liquidity, funding as well as settlement management. In addition, processes and policies related such risk are overseen by senior management. Management monitors the company's net liquidity position through rolling forecasts on basis of expected cash
5 2 The Company has not elected to exercise its option permitted U/S 115BAA of the Income tax act, 1961 and provision of current tax has been made as per the normal provisions of the Income Tax Act,1961 and rules frame there under.
53 EVENTS OCCURING AFTER BALANCE SHEET DATE
The Company evaluates events and transactions that occur subsequent to the balance sheet date but prior to the financial statements to determine the necessity for recognition and/or reporting of any of these events and transactions in the financial statements. As of 18th May 2024, there were no subsequent events to be recognized or reported that are not already disclosed
54 The Board of Director has, at its meeting held on 18th May, 2024 recommended dividend of ' 2.10 per equity share of the face of ' 10/- each for the year ended on 31st March 2024. The recommended dividend is subject to approval of shareholders in Annual General Meeting.
5 5 The code of Social Security, 2020 ('Code') relating to employee benefits during employment and post-employment received Presidential
assent in September 2020 and its effective date is yet to be notified. The Company will assess and record the impact of the Code, once it is effective.
56 OTHERS STATUTORY INFORMATION
(i) The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Compnay for holding any Benami property.
(ii) The Company does not have any transactions with companies struck off.
(iii) The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.
(iv) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.
(v) The Company has not been declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any government authority.
(vi) The Company has not any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
(vii) The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries
(viii) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Group shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(h) provide any guarantee, security or the like on hehalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
# Mutual funds is considered for the purpose of computing return on investments.
Notel : (a) : Increase is on account of availment of working capital loan by ' 179.29 lakhs.
(b) : Increase is on account of increase in profit after taxes and before interest and depreciation
(c) : Increase is on account of increase in net profit after taxes
(d) : Increase is on account of increase in net profit after taxes
(e) : Increase is on account of increase in earning before interest and taxes
(f) : Increase is on account of increase in finance income
5 8 During the year under review, the company has used accounting software for maintaining its books of accounts, which does not have feature of recording audit trail of each and every transaction and creating an edit log of each change made in books of accounts along with the date when such changes were made.
5 9 The Financial Statements are approved for issue by the Audit Committee and the Board of Directors at their respective meetings conducted
on 18th May, 2024.
60 (i) Recent accounting pronouncement Standards not issued but not yet effective:
Ministry of Company Affairs ("MCA") notify new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended 31st March,2024, MCA has not notified any new standards or amendments to the existing standards applicable to the company.
(ii) Previous year figures have been regrouped and reclassified wherever necessary to make it comparable to current year's figures.
As per our report of even date attached For and on behalf of the Board of Directors of
Shilp Gravures Limited
For Shah & Shah Associates CIN: L27100GJ1993PLC020552
Chartered Accountants
Firm Registration No. - 113742W Ambar J. Patel Shailesh C. Desai
Managing Director (DIN No. - 00050042) Director (DIN No. - 00169595)
Sunil K. Dave
Partner Rajendra Gandhi Roshan Shah Harsh Hirpara
Membership No. 047236 Chief Financial Officer Chief Executive Officer Company Secretary
Place : Ahmedabad Place : Rakanpur
Date : 18th May, 2024 Date : 18th May, 2024
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